DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry facade walls: development, application and validation of a new scoring method

  • Ferreira, Tiago M. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro) ;
  • Vicentea, Romeu (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro) ;
  • Varum, Humberto (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro)
  • 투고 : 2013.05.10
  • 심사 : 2014.03.24
  • 발행 : 2014.05.25

초록

This paper approaches the issue of seismic vulnerability assessment strategies for facade walls of traditional masonry buildings through the development of a methodology and its subsequent application to over 600 building facades from the old building stock of the historic city centre of Coimbra. Using the post-earthquake damage assessment of masonry buildings in L'Aquila, Italy, an analytical function was developed and calibrated to estimate the mean damage grade for masonry facade walls. Having defined the vulnerability function for facade walls, damage scenarios were calculated and subsequently used in the development of an emergency planning tool and in the elaboration of an access route proposal for the case study of the historic city centre of Coimbra. Finally, the methodology was pre-validated through the comparison of a set of results obtained from its application and also resourcing to a widely accepted mechanical method on the description of the out-of-plane behaviour of facade walls.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ArcGis 9.3 (2008), Geographic Information Systems, 310 New York Street, Redlands, 92373-8100, USA, ESRI(R).
  2. Barbat, A., Lagomarsino, S. and Pujades, L. (2006), Assessing and Managing Earthquake Risk, Chapter Title - Vulnerability Assessment of Dwelling Buildings.
  3. Blong, R. (2003), "A review of damage intensity scales", Natural Hazards, 29(1) 57-76. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022960414329
  4. Carreno, M., Cardona, O. and Barbat, A. (2007), "Urban seismic risk evaluation: a holistic approach", In: Natural Hazards, 30(1), 137-172.
  5. D'Ayala, D. and Dolce, M. (2011), "L'Aquila earthquake: seismic sequence of 6th April 2009, Abruzzo, Italy", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 9(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9240-4
  6. D'Ayala, D. and Speranza, E. (2003), "Definition of collapse mechanisms and seismic vulnerability of historic masonry buildings", Earthq. Spectra, 19, 479-509. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1599896
  7. De Felice, G. and Giannini, R. (2001), "Out-of-plane seismic resistance of masonry walls", J. Earthq. Eng., 5(2), 253-271.
  8. Dolce, M., Kappos, A., Masi, A., Penelis, G. and Vona, M. (2006), "Vulnerability assessment and earthquake damage scenarios of the building stock of Potenza (Southern Italy) using Italian and Greek methodologies", Eng. Struct., 28(3), 357-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.08.009
  9. EEFIT (2009), The L'Aquila, Italy earthquake of 6 April 2009 - A preliminary field report by EEFIT.
  10. Ferreira, T. (2010), "Seismic vulnerability assessment of old urban centres - Case study of the old city centre of Seixal, Portugal", Thesis of the post-graduate course in Rehabilitation of the Built Heritage, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Portugal. (in Portuguese)
  11. Ferreira, T. (2009), "Vulnerability assessment of masonry facade walls", MSc. Thesis, University of Aveiro, Portugal. (in Portuguese)
  12. Ferreira, T.M., Vicente, R., Mendes da Silva, J.A.R., Varum, H. and Costa, A. (2013), "Seismic vulnerability assessment of historical urban centres: case study of the old city centre in Seixal, Portugal", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 1(5), 1753-1773.
  13. Giovinazzi, S. (2005), "The vulnerability assessment and the damage scenario in seismic risk analysis", PhD Thesis of the doctoral course "Risk Management on the built environment" jointly organized by University of Florence and TU-Braunschweig.
  14. Giovinazzi, S. and Lagomarsino, S. (2006), "Macroseismic and mechanical models for the vulnerability and damage assessment of current buildings", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 4(4), 415-443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-006-9024-z
  15. Giuffre, A. (2003), "Sicurezza e conservazione dei centri storici. Il caso di Ortigia", Editori Laterza, Bari, Italy.
  16. GNDT-SSN (1994), "Scheda di esposizione e vulnerabilita e di rilevamento danni di primo e secondo livello (murata e cemento armato)", Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti, Roma.
  17. Goula, X., Roca. A. and Oliveira, C.S. (2006), Assessing and managing earthquake risk - Geo-Scientific and Engineering Knowledge for Earthquake Risk Mitigation: developments, tools, techniques, Springer.
  18. Grunthal, G. (1998), European Macroseismic Scale 1998 (EMS-98), Cahiers du Centre Europeen de Geodynamique et de Seismologie, Luxembourg.
  19. Lantada, N., Irizarry, J., Barbat, A., Goula, X., Roca, A., Susagna, T. and Pujades, L. (2008) "Seismic hazard and risk scenarios for Barcelona, Spain, using the Risk-UE vulnerability index method", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 8(2), 201-229.
  20. Mallardo, V., Malvezzi, R., Milani, E. and Milani, G. (2008), "Seismic vulnerability of historical masonry buildings: A case study in Ferrara", Eng. Struct., 30(8), 2223-2241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.11.006
  21. Menon, A. and Magenes, G. (2008), "Out-of-Plane Seismic Response of Unreinforced Masonry: Definition of Seismic Input", IUSS Press, Research report / European School for Advanced Studies in Reduction of Seismic Risk.
  22. Modellazione, C.V. (1992), "Sperimentazione per lo studio della strutura murari storica", PhD Thesis, University of Rome, Faculty of Architecture, Italy. (in Italian)
  23. Neves, F., Costa, A., Vicente, R., Oliveira, C.S. and Varum, H. (2012) "Seismic vulnerability assessment and characterisation of the buildings on Faial Island, Azores", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 10(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-011-9276-0
  24. Pagnini, L.C., Vicente, R., Lagomarsino, S. and Varum, H. (2011), "A mechanical model for the seismic vulnerability assessment of old masonry buildings", Earthq. Struct., 2(1), 25-42. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2011.2.1.025
  25. Ramos, L.F. and Lourenco, P.B. (2004), "Modeling and vulnerability of historical city centers in seismic areas: a case study in Lisbon", Eng. Struct., 26(9), 1295-1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.04.008
  26. Shi, Y., D'Ayala, D. and Prateek, J. (2008), "Analysis of out-of-plane damage behaviour of unreinforced masonry walls", Proceedings of the 14th International Brick & Block Masonry Conference, Sydney, February.
  27. Speranza, E. (2003), "An integrated method for the assessment of the seismic vulnerability of historic buildings", PhD Thesis, University of Bath, UK.
  28. Tertulliani, A., Arcoraci, L., Berardi, M., Bernardini, F., Camassi, R., Castellano, C., Del Mese, S., Ercolani, E., Graziani, L., Leschiutta, I., Rossi, A. and Vecchi, M. (2011), "An application of EMS98 in a medium-sized city: The case of L'Aquila (Central Italy) after the April 6, 2009 Mw 6.3 earthquake", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 9(1), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9188-4
  29. Vicente, R. (2008), "Strategies and methodologies for urban interventions", PhD. Thesis, University of Aveiro, Portugal. (in Portuguese)
  30. Vicente, R., Parodi, S., Lagomarsino, S., Varum, H. and Mendes da Silva, J.A.R. (2011), "Seismic vulnerability and risk assessment: case study of the historic city centre of Coimbra, Portugal", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 9(4), 1067-1096. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-010-9233-3
  31. Vicente, R., Rodrigues, H., Varum, H. and Mendes da Silva, J.A.R. (2011), "Evaluation of strengthening techniques of traditional masonry buildings: case study of a four-building aggregate", J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 25(3), 202.

피인용 문헌

  1. The street as an area of human exposure in an earthquake aftermath: the case of Lorca, Spain, 2011 vol.17, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-581-2017
  2. Seismic vulnerability assessment of stone masonry façade walls: Calibration using fragility-based results and observed damage vol.103, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.09.006
  3. Analysis of the impact of large scale seismic retrofitting strategies through the application of a vulnerability-based approach on traditional masonry buildings vol.16, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-017-0385-x
  4. A critical discussion on the earthquake risk mitigation of urban cultural heritage assets vol.27, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.10.010
  5. Awareness, Perception and Communication of Earthquake Risk in Portugal: Public Survey vol.18, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00940-X
  6. Seismic vulnerability assessment of historical urban centres: case study of the old city centre of Faro, Portugal vol.19, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2014.988285
  7. Structural and architectural characterisation of old building stocks: case study of the old city centre of Seixal, Portugal, rebuilt after the Great 1755 Lisbon earthquake vol.7, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3846/2029882X.2016.1123903
  8. Seismic vulnerability assessment of historical masonry buildings located in Annaba city (Algeria) using non ad-hoc data survey vol.13, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-014-9717-7
  9. Seismic vulnerability assessment of the old city centre of Horta, Azores: calibration and application of a seismic vulnerability index method vol.15, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-0071-9
  10. Seismic risk assessment of the historical urban areas of Annaba city, Algeria 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1370508
  11. Remote Sensing-Based Proxies for Urban Disaster Risk Management and Resilience: A Review vol.10, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10111760
  12. The Use of a Large-Scale Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Approach for Masonry Façade Walls as an Effective Tool for Evaluating, Managing and Mitigating Seismic Risk in Historical Centers vol.12, pp.7-8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2018.1503366
  13. Performance-based Seismic Risk Assessment of Urban Systems vol.12, pp.7-8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2018.1503371
  14. Investigation Techniques for the Seismic Response Assessment of Buildings Located in Historical Centers vol.12, pp.7-8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2018.1503363
  15. A simplified approach for flood vulnerability assessment of historic sites pp.1573-0840, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-03565-1
  16. Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Urban Centers vol.12, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051996
  17. Seismic vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings in Banja Luka and Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) using the macroseismic model vol.18, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00846-8
  18. Seismic Vulnerability and Loss Assessment of Vila Real de Santo António, Portugal: Application of a Novel Method vol.15, pp.10, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2019.1709915
  19. Development of a Numerical Tool for the Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Vernacular Architecture vol.25, pp.14, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2019.1657987