Smart Structures and Systems

  • 제13권3호
  • /
  • Pages.353-374
  • /
  • 2014
  • /
  • 1738-1584(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1738-1991(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

On the NiTi wires in dampers for stayed cables

  • 투고 : 2013.09.15
  • 심사 : 2014.01.30
  • 발행 : 2014.03.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Recent studies were dedicated to the realization of measurements on stay-cable samples of different geometry and static conditions as available at several facilities. The elaboration of the acquired data showed a a satisfactory efficacy of the dampers made of NiTi wires in smoothing the cable oscillations. A further attempt to investigate the applicability of the achieved results beyond the specific case-studies represented by the tested cable-stayed samples is herein pursued. Comparative studies are carried out by varying the diameter of the NiTi wire so that similar measurements can be taken also from laboratory steel cables of reduced size. Details of the preparation of the Ni-Ti wires are discussed with particular attention being paid to the suppression of the creep phenomenon. The resulting shape of the hysteretic cycle differs according to the wire diameter, which affects the order of the fitting polynomial to be used when trying to retrieve the experimental results by numerical analyses. For a NiTi wire of given diameter, an estimate of the amount of dissipated energy per cycle is given at low levels of maximum strain, which correspond to a fatigue fracture life of the order of millions of cycles. The dissipative capability is affected by both the temperature and the cycling frequency at which the tests are performed. Such effects are quantified and an ageing process is proposed in order to extend the working temperature range of the damper to cold weathers typical of the winter season in Northern Europe and Canada. A procedure for the simulation of the shape memory alloy behavior in lengthy cables by finite element analysis is eventually outlined.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Andrawes, B. and DesRoches, R. (2007), "Comparison between shape memory alloy seismic restrainers and other bridge retrofit devices", J. Bridge Eng., 12(6), 700-709. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2007)12:6(700)
  2. Ben Mekki, O. and Auricchio, F. (2011), "Performance evaluation of shape-memory-alloy super elastic behavior to control a stay cable in cable-stayed bridges", Int. J. Nonlinear Mech., 46(2), 470-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2010.12.002
  3. Carreras, G., Casciati, F., Casciati, S., Isalgue, A., Marzi, A. and Torra, V. (2011), "Fatigue laboratory tests toward the design of SMA portico-braces", Smart Struct. Syst., 7(1), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2011.7.1.041
  4. Casciati, F., Casciati, S. and Faravelli, L. (2007), "Fatigue characterization of a Cu-based shape memory alloy", Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. - PH., 56(2), 207-217.
  5. Casciati, F., Casciati, S., Faravelli, L. and Marzi, A. (2011), "Fatigue damage accumulation in a Cu-based shape memory alloy: preliminary investigation", CMC, 23(3), 287-306.
  6. Casciati, S. and Faravelli, L. (2008), "Structural components in shape memory alloy for localized energy dissipation", Comput. Struct., 86(3-5), 330-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2007.01.037
  7. Casciati, S. and Marzi, A. (2010), "Experimental studies on the fatigue life of shape memory alloy bars", Smart Struct. Syst., 6(1), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.1.073
  8. Casciati, S. and Marzi, A. (2011), "Fatigue tests on SMA bars in span control", Eng. Struct., 33(4), 1232-1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.12.045
  9. De-Castro-Bubani, F., Sade, M., Torra, V., Lovey, F. and Yawny, A. (2013), "Stress induced martensitic yransformations and phases stability in Cu-Al-Be shape memory single crystals", Mater. Sci. Eng., 583, 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.06.071
  10. DesRoches, R. and Smith, B. (2004), "Shape memory alloys in seismic resistant design and retrofit: a critical review of their potential and limitations", J. Earthq. Eng., 8(3), 415-429.
  11. Di Cesare, A., Ponzo, F.C., Nigro, D., Dolce, M. and Moroni, C. (2012), "Experimental and numerical behaviour of hysteretic and visco-recentring energy dissipating bracing systems", Bull Earthq. Eng., 10, 1585-1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-012-9363-x
  12. Dolce, M. and Cardone, D. (2001a), "Mechanical behaviour of shape memory alloys for seismic applications 1. Martensite and austenite NiTi bars subjected to torsion", Int . J. Mech. Sci., 43, 2631-2656 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7403(01)00049-2
  13. Dolce, M. and Cardone, D. (2001b), "Mechanical behaviour of shape memory alloys for seismic applications 2. Austenite NiTi wires subjected to tension", Int . J. Mech. Sci., 43, 2657-2677 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7403(01)00050-9
  14. Dolce, M. and Cardone, D. (2006), "Theoretical and experimental studies for the application of shape memory alloys in civil engineering", J. Eng. Mater.- T ASME, 128(3), 302-311. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2203106
  15. Eggeler, G., Khalil-Allafi, J., Gollerthan, S., Somsen, C., Schmahl, W. and Sheptyakov, D. (2005), "On the effect of aging on martensitic transformations in Ni-rich NiTi shape memory alloys", Smart Mater. Struct., 14, S186 doi:10.1088/0964-1726/14/5/002.
  16. Indirli, M. and Castellano, M.G. (2008), "Shape memory alloy devices for the structural improvement of masonry heritage structures", Int. J. Architect Herit., 2(2), 93-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583050701636258
  17. Isalgue, A., Torra, V., Yawny, A. and Lovey, F.C. (2008), "Metastable effects on martensitic transformation in SMA Part VI. The Clausius-Clapeyron relationship", J. Therm. Anal Calorim., 91(3), 991-998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-007-8604-8
  18. Otsuka, K. and Wayman, C.M. (Eds.) (1998), Shape memory materials, Cambridge University Press, UK.
  19. Lovey, F.C. and Torra, V. (1999), "Shape memory in Cu-based alloys: phenomenological behavior at the mesoscale level and interaction of martensitic transformation with structural defects in Cu-Zn-Al", Prog. Mater. Sci., 44(3) 189-289.
  20. Ma, H. and Cho, C. (2008), "Feasibility study on a superelastic SMA damper with re-centring capability", Mater. Sci. Eng., A473, 290-296.
  21. Otsuka, K. and Wayman C.M. (1998), Shape memory materials, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
  22. Song, G., Ma, N. and Li, H.N. (2006), "Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures", Eng. Struct., 28(9), 1266-1274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.12.010
  23. Speicher, M.S., DesRoches, R. and Leon, R.T. (2011), "Experimental results of a NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA)-based recentering beam-column connection", Eng. Struct., 33(9), 2448-2457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.04.018
  24. Torra, V., Auguet, C., Carreras, G., Dieng, L., Lovey, F.C. and Terriault, P. (2012a), "The SMA: an effective damper in civil engineering that smoothes oscillations", Mater. Sci. Forum., 706-709, 2020-2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.706-709.2020
  25. Torra, V., Auguet, C., Isalgue, A., Lovey, F.C. and Terriault, P. (2012b), "The SMA was a tool for damping the induced oscillations in civil structures. Application to earthquake mitigation in family homes and to stayed cables for bridges", Proceedings of the ICOMAT, Osaka, Japan.
  26. Torra, V., Auguet, C., Isalgue, A., Carreras, G., Terriault, P. and Lovey, F.C. (2013a), "Built in dampers for stayed cables in bridges via SMA. The SMARTeR-ESF project: a mesoscopic and macroscopic experimental analysis with numerical simulations", Eng. Struct., 49, 43-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.11.011
  27. Torra, V., Isalgue, A., Auguet, C.,, Casciati, F., Casciati, S. and Terriault, P. (2013b), "SMA dampers for cable vibration: an available solution for oscillation mitigation of stayed cables in bridges", Adv. Sci. Technol., 78, 92-102.
  28. Torra, V., Isalgue, A., Auguet, C., Carreras, G., Lovey, F.C. and Terriault, P. (2013c), "Damping in civil engineering using SMA. Part II. particular properties of NiTi for damping of stayed cables in bridges", Can. Metall. Quart., 52, 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1179/1879139512Y.0000000036
  29. Torra, V., Auguet, C., Isalgue, A., Carreras, G. and Lovey, F.C. (2013d), "Metastable effects on martensitic transformation in SMA Part IX. Static aging for morphing by temperature and stress", J Therm. Anal Calorim., 112(2), 777-780 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2585-y
  30. Torra, V., Isalgue, A., Martorell, F., Lovey, FC. and Terriault, P. (2010), "Damping in civil engineering using SMA. part I. particular properties of CuAlBe for damping of family houses", Can. Metall. Quart., 49(2), 179-190 https://doi.org/10.1179/cmq.2010.49.2.179
  31. Torra, V., Isalgue, A., Martorell, F., Terriault, P. and Lovey, F.C. (2007), "Built in dampers for family homes via SMA: An ANSYS computation scheme based on mesoscopic and microscopic experimental analyses", Eng. Struct., 29(8), 1889-1902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.028

피인용 문헌

  1. Functional Fatigue of Polycrystalline Cu-Al-Mn Superelastic Alloy Bars under Cyclic Tension vol.28, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001417
  2. Civil Engineering Applications: Specific Properties of NiTi Thick Wires and Their Damping Capabilities, A Review vol.3, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-017-0135-y
  3. Metastable effects on martensitic transformation in SMAs vol.128, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5886-8
  4. Thermally modulated shape memory alloy friction pendulum (tmSMA-FP) for substantial near-fault earthquake structure protection vol.24, pp.11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2021
  5. Straining of Metastable Austenite as a Way to Improve NiTi Alloy Functional Properties vol.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2015.07.441
  6. Thermo-Mechanical Properties of an NiTi-Shape Memory Alloy after Dynamic Loading vol.128, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.128.592
  7. Local effects induced by dynamic load self-heating in NiTi wires of shape memory alloys 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2134
  8. The state of the art in structural health monitoring of cable-stayed bridges vol.6, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-015-0115-x
  9. Seismic behavior of self-centering reinforced concrete wall enabled by superelastic shape memory alloy bars vol.16, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-017-0213-8
  10. Long-time storage effects on shape memory alloy wires 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-017-1993-2
  11. Equivalent linear elastic-viscous model of shape memory alloy for isolated structures vol.99, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2016.04.005
  12. Cables interconnected with tuned inerter damper for vibration mitigation vol.151, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.009
  13. Investigation on the fatigue performance of Ni-Ti thin wires vol.24, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1855
  14. Characterization of superelastic shape memory alloy fiber-reinforced polymer composites under tensile cyclic loading vol.111, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.09.034
  15. Shape Memory Alloy Cables for Structural Applications vol.28, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001457
  16. Nonlinear dynamics of SMA-fiber-reinforced composite beams subjected to a primary/secondary-resonance excitation vol.226, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-014-1191-4
  17. Damping and frequency of a model cable attached with a pre-tensioned shape memory alloy wire: Experiment and analysis vol.25, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2106
  18. Finite element analysis of hydrogen effects on superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys: Orthodontic application vol.29, pp.16, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X18754356
  19. Experimental validation of shape memory material model implemented in commercial finite element software under multiaxial loading vol.29, pp.14, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X18781047
  20. Experimental investigations on seismic control of cable-stayed bridges using shape memory alloy self-centering dampers vol.25, pp.7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2180
  21. Life-cycle cost evaluation of steel structures retrofitted with steel slit damper and shape memory alloy–based hybrid damper pp.2048-4011, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433218773487
  22. A multi-modal adaptive tuned mass damper based on shape memory alloys vol.30, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X18818388
  23. Seismic behavior of properly designed CBFs equipped with NiTi SMA braces vol.21, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.21.4.479
  24. Temperature effect on seismic performance of CBFs equipped with SMA braces vol.22, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.5.495
  25. Dynamic behavior of a seven century historical monument reinforced by shape memory alloy wires vol.23, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.23.4.337
  26. Seismic vibration control of an innovative self-centering damper using confined SMA core vol.25, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.25.2.241
  27. Shape memory alloy (SMA)-based Superelasticity-assisted Slider (SSS): an engineering solution for practical aseismic isolation with advanced materials vol.26, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.26.1.089
  28. Thermomechanical and electrical response of a superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy cable vol.31, pp.19, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20943952
  29. Cyclic behavior of superelastic SMA cable and its application in an innovative self-centering BRB vol.30, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac1907