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Inheritance of Fruit Texture Traits in Oriental Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta Nakai)

동양배 과실의 육질 관련 형질의 유전분석

  • Hwang, Hae Sung (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Byeon, Jae Kyun (Department of Horticulture of Life Science, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Whee Cheon (Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shin, Il Sheob (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science)
  • Received : 2012.07.25
  • Accepted : 2013.08.13
  • Published : 2014.02.28

Abstract

To improve the breeding efficiency of oriental pear, the inheritance of major fruit traits were analyzed using 4,035 seedlings of 15 cross combinations combined with 13 cultivars. Yearly variation of parental cultivars, broad-sense heritability of the traits, and frequency of seedlings with commercially acceptable characteristics by the mid-parent values were studied. Despite the heritabilities of traits related with pear the fruit texture were different depending on cross combination, the average narrow-sense heritability ($h^2$) for firmness, flesh hardness, flesh density and grit were over 0.6, a relatively high value. However fruit firmness showed different heritability among the cross combination and its value of cross combination between 'Niitaka' and 'Choju' was very low as 0.11. Positive correlation was not observed on fresh hardness, fresh density and grit but observed on firmness between mid-parent value and average value of offspring. Regression of offspring on firmness, fresh hardness, fresh density and grit between mid-parent value and average value of offspring were 0.778, 0.343, -0.273, 0.313, respectively. Frequency distributions of fruit texture in 15 cross combinations of pear seedling was influenced by parental characteristics. When fruit firmness was estimated as low, low ${\times}$ high and high ${\times}$ high values in parental fruits, firmness in their offspring exhibited low, medium and high, respectively. In addition, when parental grit by sensory evaluation were light ${\times}$ light and light-medium ${\times}$ medium-heavy, most of offsprings showed light and medium grit, respectively.

동양배의 교배육종 효율을 증진시키기 위하여 13품종의 교배친을 이용한 15 조합으로부터 얻어진 교배실생 4,035주를 공시하여 과실의 품질과 밀접한 상관이 있는 육질관련 주요 형질에 대한 유전력, 양친평균과 실생평균과의 상관과 후대실생의 분포특성을 분석하였다. 배 과실 육질관련 형질의 유전력은 조합에 따라 차이는 있으나 경도, 육질경도, 육질밀도, 석세포 모두 대부분의 조합이 0.6 내외로 비교적 높았다. 그러나, 경도에 있어서는 조합별로 유전력의 차이가 다른 형질에 비해 큰 편이었고 '신고' ${\times}$ '장수' 조합에서는 유전력이 0.11로서 특이하게 낮았다. 배 육질관련 형질의 양친평균과 교배실생 평균 사이에 경도는 정의 상관이 있었으나 육질경도, 육질밀도, 석세포 함량에서는 상관이 인정되지 않았으며 회귀계수는 경도 0.778, 육질경도 0.343, 석세포는 0.313으로 산출되어 경도가 가장 높은 값을 나타낸 반면 육질밀도에서는 -0.273으로 부의 회귀값을 나타냈다. 배 과실 육질 관련 형질인 양친의 경도, 육질경도, 육질밀도, 석세포 함량에 대한 조합별 교배실생의 분포양상이 달랐으며 특히 경도는 양친이 모두 낮은 경우 낮은 쪽 낮음 ${\times}$ 높음의 경우 중간에, 높음 ${\times}$ 높음의 경우 높은 실생이 많이 분포되는 양상이었으며 석세포 함량이 적음 ${\times}$ 적음 조합에서는 실생의 분포가 적은 쪽으로, 적음-중간 ${\times}$ 중간-많음 조합에서는 중간에 많은 실생이 분포되는 양상을 보였다.

Keywords

References

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