Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems (한국지능시스템학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems (한국지능시스템학회)
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Control of an Omni-directional Mobile Robot Based on Camera Image

카메라 영상기반 전방향 이동 로봇의 제어

  • Kim, Bong Kyu (Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Ryoo, Jung Rae (Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 김봉규 (서울과학기술대학교 전기정보공학과) ;
  • 류정래 (서울과학기술대학교 전기정보공학과)
  • Received : 2013.09.01
  • Accepted : 2013.11.19
  • Published : 2014.02.25
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Abstract

In this paper, an image-based visual servo control strategy for tracking a target object is applied to a camera-mounted omni-directional mobile robot. In order to get target angular velocity of each wheel from image coordinates of the target object, in general, a mathematical image Jacobian matrix is built using a camera model and a mobile robot kinematics. Unlike to the well-known mathematical image Jacobian, a simple rule-based control strategy is proposed to generate target angular velocities of the wheels in conjunction with size of the target object captured in a camera image. A camera image is divided into several regions, and a pre-defined rule corresponding to the target-located image region is applied to generate target angular velocities of wheels. The proposed algorithm is easily implementable in that no mathematical description for image Jacobian is required and a small number of rules are sufficient for target tracking. Experimental results are presented with descriptions about the overall experimental system.

본 논문에서는 카메라를 탑재한 전방향 이동 로봇에서의 표적 추종을 위한 영상기반 시각 서보 제어를 다룬다. 기존 연구에서는 카메라 영상에서 추출한 표적의 영상 좌표로부터 표적 추종을 위한 바퀴의 회전 각속도를 구하기 위하여 카메라의 수학적 모델과 이동 로봇의 기구학 특성으로부터 구한 수학적 영상 자코비안을 널리 활용하였다. 본 논문에서는 표적의 영상 좌표 정보를 이용한 단순한 규칙기반 제어 방식과 영상에 포착된 표적의 크기 정보를 조합하여 바퀴의 회전 각속도를 생성하는 새로운 방식을 제안한다. 카메라 영상을 몇 개의 영역으로 분할하고, 표적이 포함된 영역에 따라 미리 정의한 규칙을 적용하는데, 복잡한 수학적 표현을 사용하지 않으면서도 비교적 적은 수의 규칙을 사용하므로 구현이 용이한 장점이 있다. 제안된 방식은 실제 시스템으로 구현하여 실험하고, 전체 실험 시스템에 대한 설명과 함께 실험 결과를 제시하여 제안하는 방식의 타당성을 입증한다.

Keywords

References

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