Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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The Occurrence and Origin of a Syn-collisional Mélange in Timor

티모르섬 충돌 동시성 멜란지의 산상 및 기원

  • 박승익 (한국지질자원연구원 국토지질연구본부) ;
  • 고희재 (한국지질자원연구원 국토지질연구본부) ;
  • 김성원 (한국지질자원연구원 국토지질연구본부) ;
  • 김유홍 (한국지질자원연구원 국토지질연구본부)
  • Received : 2013.10.07
  • Accepted : 2013.12.26
  • Published : 2014.02.28
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Abstract

The Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange is one of the youngest syn-collisional m$\acute{e}$langes, located between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates. The m$\acute{e}$lange has formed in association with a collision between the Australian continental margin and the Banda arc initiated in Neogene. The Suai area at the southern part of Timor is a good place to examine the genetic relationship between the m$\acute{e}$lange and other rock sequences because various tectonostratigraphic units coexist in the area. In this study, we present the structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange investigated as a part of 1:25K scale geologic mapping in the area, and discuss on the origin of the m$\acute{e}$lange. The Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange in the Suai area is composed of unmetamorphosed clay matrix and blocks of various lithologies. The clay matrix mainly is reddish brown or greenish gray in colour, and has scaly texture. Most blocks are allochthonous, but mostly derived from nearby formations. Based on the internal structure and relationship with surrounding rocks, the Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange is genetically classified into 1) diapiric m$\acute{e}$lange; 2) tectonic m$\acute{e}$lange; and 3) broken formation. The spatial distribution of the Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange indicates that it intruded all pre-collisional units including the lower Australian continental margin unit(Gondwana megasequence) and the Banda arc unit. Taking the field evidences and previous genetic models into consideration, the Bobonaro m$\acute{e}$lange is interpreted to be mainly formed as a diapiric m$\acute{e}$lange originated from Gondwana megasequence, consistently effected by faulting events. This study reflects that diapiric m$\acute{e}$lange is a significant component in recent accretionay-collision belts. It suggests that diapiric process should be considered as a main genetic factor even in ancient m$\acute{e}$lange.

보보나로 멜란지는 인도-호주판과 유라시아판의 경계부에 위치한 세계적으로 가장 젊은 충돌 동시성 멜란지 중 하나이다. 이 멜란지는 신제3기에 시작된 호주 대륙의 연변부와 반다 호와의 충돌로 인해 형성되었으며, 티모르섬의 전역에 걸쳐 분포한다. 티모르섬 남부 수아이 지역은 호주 대륙 기원 암체, 반다 호 기원 암체, 충돌 동시성 보보나로 멜란지, 그리고 충돌 동시성 퇴적층까지 다양한 지층들이 분포하고 있어, 멜란지와 다른 지구조 단위의 기원적 상관관계를 파악하는데 적합한 지역이다. 본 연구에서는 수아이 지역에서 수행한 1:25,000 규모의 정밀 지질조사 결과를 토대로 보보나로 멜란지의 내부 구조적 특성 및 공간적 분포 양상을 제시하고 그 기원에 대해 토의한다. 수아이 지역에 분포하는 보보나로 멜란지는 주로 적갈색 및 녹회색을 띠며 변성작용을 받지 않은 비늘모양 점토 기질과 대부분 인접한 지역의 지층들에서 유래한 다양한 종류의 암편들로 구성된다. 주변암과의 관계가 비교적 명확한 멜란지 노두에서 인지되는 내부 구조적 특징은 보보나로 멜란지가 '다이아피릭 멜란지', '지구조 멜란지' 그리고 혼합 과정 없이 지층교란에 의해 형성된 '깨진 지층'으로 구성됨을 지시한다. 또한 공간적 분포 특성은 보보나로 멜란지가 호주 대륙기원 암체 하부의 곤드와나 대지층군과 더불어 이를 충상하는 반다 호 기원 지층들까지 모두 절단하며 관입하고 있음을 나타낸다. 연구지역에서 파악되는 노두 규모의 내부 구조적 특징 및 광역적 분포 특성을 기존에 제시된 멜란지 형성 모델들과 결부하여 고려하였을 때, 보보나로 멜란지는 대부분 곤드와나 대지층군으로부터 점토물질이 유래한 다이아피릭 멜란지로 형성되었으며 멜란지의 형성 및 진화에 단층활동이 지속적으로 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 현생 부가체-충돌대에서 다이아피릭 멜란지가 주요한 구성 요소임을 잘 보여준다. 이는 오래된 부가체-충돌대에 발달하는 멜란지의 기원을 해석함에 있어서도 다이아피릭 프로세스를 주요한 인자로 고려해야함을 지시한다.

Keywords

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