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Effects of Die Temperature and Repeated Extrusion on Chemical Components and Antioxidant Properties of Extruded White Ginseng

사출구 온도와 반복 압출성형이 백삼압출성형물의 화학적 조성 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향

  • Choi, Kwan-Hyung (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Gui, Ying (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ryu, Gi-Hyung (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University)
  • 최관형 (공주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 계영 (공주대학교 식품공학과) ;
  • 류기형 (공주대학교 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2013.09.26
  • Accepted : 2013.10.31
  • Published : 2014.02.28

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of die temperature and repeated extrusion on the chemical components and antioxidant properties of extruded white ginseng (EWG). Die temperature was adjusted to 100, 120, and followed by repeated extrusion under the same conditions with corresponding samples. Secondary extruded white ginseng (SEWG) at a die temperature of $120^{\circ}C$ had the highest acidic polysaccharide content of all extrudates. Increasing die temperature and repeated extrusion both increased crude saponin content of the extrudate. Ginsenoside Rh1 was detected in the EWG ($140^{\circ}C$) and SEWGs, whereas ginsenosides Rg3s and Rg3r were only detected in SEWG ($140^{\circ}C$). The highest total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power obtained from SEWG ($140^{\circ}C$) were $8.55{\pm}0.03$ mg/g, $72.05{\pm}0.63%$, and $0.80{\pm}0.004$, respectively. In conclusion, repeated extrusion increases antioxidant activity and crude saponin contents for the development of improved ginseng products.

본 실험은 사출구 온도와 반복 압출성형이 백삼압출성형물의 화학적 조성 및 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 압출성형 조건은 수분함량과 스크루 회전속도를 고정시키고 사출구의 온도를 $100^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $140^{\circ}C$로 1회, 2회 반복 압출성형 실험을 하였다. 압출성형백삼의 일반성분은 백삼과 비교하여 크게 변화하지 않았지만 조지방은 감소하였다. 환원당과 총당은 백삼이 각각 $64.76{\pm}0.06$ mg/g, $187.12{\pm}2.02$ mg/g으로 측정되었으며 백삼압출성형물의 환원당은 백삼보다 감소하고 총당은 백삼보다 증가하였다. 총 페놀성 화합물은 압출성형공정에서 모두 증가하였는데 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$에서 1회, 2회 그리고 사출구 온도 $120^{\circ}C$에서 2회 백삼압출성형물은 각각 $5.70{\pm}0.03$ mg/g, $8.55{\pm}0.03$ mg/g, $4.91{\pm}0.08$ mg/g으로 홍삼보다 많이 추출되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능도 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$에서 1회, 2회 그리고 사출구 온도 $120^{\circ}C$에서 2회 압출성형물이 홍삼보다 높게 측정되었다. 환원력 또한 압출성형백삼이 백삼보다 높게 측정되었고, 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$에서 1회, 2회 그리고 사출구 온도 $120^{\circ}C$, 2회 압출성형물은 각각 $0.58{\pm}0.002$, $0.59{\pm}0.003$, $0.80{\pm}0.004$로 홍삼보다 높게 측정되었다. 조사포닌은 백삼이 $38.84{\pm}0.35$ mg/g으로 나타났고, 사출구 온도 $140^{\circ}C$에서 2회 압출성형물이 $50.07{\pm}1.00$ mg/g으로 가장 높게 측정되었으며 다른 백삼압출성형물도 백삼보다 모두 증가하였다. UPLC로 측정한 진세노사이드의 조성은 압출성형과 반복 압출성형을 통하여 증가하였고, 백삼에서 추출되지 않았던 Rh1은 압출성형공정 후 추출되었다. 또한 $140^{\circ}C$에서 2회 압출성형물은 Rg3s, Rg3r이 추출되어 홍삼의 특유성분도 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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