DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A simplified method to determine the chloride migration coefficient of concrete by the electric current in steady state

  • Lin, K.T. (Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University) ;
  • Yang, C.C. (Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University)
  • Received : 2012.02.17
  • Accepted : 2013.05.08
  • Published : 2014.01.25

Abstract

This study presents a rapid method for determining the steady state migration coefficient of concrete by measuring the electric current. This study determines the steady state chloride migration coefficient using the accelerated chloride migration test (ACMT). There are two stages to obtain the chloride migration coefficient. The first stage, the steady-state condition was obtained from the initial electric current at the beginning of ACMT. The second stage, the average electrical current in the steady state condition was used to determine the steady state chloride migration coefficient. The chloride migration coefficient can be determined from the average steady state current to avoid sampling and analyzing chlorides during the ACMT.

Keywords

References

  1. ASTM C1202 (1994), ASTM, Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride ion Ppenetration, West Conshohocken, PA.
  2. ASTM C1543 (2002), ASTM, Standard Test Method for Determining the Penetration of Chloride Ion Into Concrete by Ponding, West Conshohocken, PA.
  3. Andrade, C. (1993), "Calculation of chloride diffusion coefficients in concrete from ionic migration measurements", Cement Concrete Res., 23(3), 724-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(93)90023-3
  4. Castellote, M., Andrade, C. and Alonso, C. (2001), "Measurement of the steady and non-steady-state chloride diffusion coefficients in a migration test by means of monitoring the conductivity in the anolyte chamber comparison with natural diffusion tests", Cement Concrete Res., 31(10), 1411-1420. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00562-2
  5. Chiang, C.T. and Yang, C.C. (2007), "Relation between the diffusion characteristic of concrete from salt ponding test and accelerated chloride migration test", Mater. Chem. Phys., 106(2-3), 240-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.05.041
  6. Detwiler, R.J. and Fapohunda, C.A. (1993), "A comparison of two methods for measuring the chloride ion permeability of concrete", Cement Concrete Aggreg., 15(1), 70-73.
  7. Feldman, R.F., Chan, G.W., Brousseau, R.J. and Tumldajski, P.J. (1994), "Investigation of the rapid chloride permeability test", ACI Mater. J., 91(3), 246-255.
  8. Feldman, R.F., Prudencio, Jr. L.R. and Chan, G. (1999), "Rapid chloride permeability test on blended cement and other concretes: correlations between charge, initial current and conductivity", Constr. Build. Mater., 13(3), 149-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(98)00033-6
  9. Jain, J.A. and Neithalath, N. (2010), "Chloride transport in fly ash and glass powder modified concretes-Influence of test methods on microstructure", Cement Concrete Compos., 32(2), 148-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.11.010
  10. Jang, S.Y., Kim, B.S. and Oh, B.H. (2011), "Effect of crack width on chloride diffusion coefficients of concrete by steady-state migration tests", Cement Concrete Res., 41(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.08.018
  11. McCarter, W.J., Starrs, G. and Chrisp, T.M. (2000), "Electrical conductivity, diffusion, and permeability of portland cement-based mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 30(9), 1395-1400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00281-7
  12. NT 492 (1999), NT Build, NordTest Method for Chloride Migration Coefficient from Non-steady-state Migration Experiments, Nordic Council of Ministers, Denmark.
  13. Shane, J.D., Aldea, C.D., Bouxsein, N.F., Mason, T.O., Jennings, H.M. and Shah, S.P. (1999), "Microstructural and pore solution changes induced by the rapid chloride permeability test measured by impedance spectroscopy", Concr. Sci. Eng., 1(2), 110-119.
  14. Shi, C. (1996), "Strength, pore structure and permeability of alkali-activated slag mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 26(12), 1789-1799. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(96)00174-3
  15. Spiesz, P. and Brouwers, H.J.H. (2012), "Research on chloride ion diffusivity of concrete subjected to CO2 environment", Cement Concrete Res., 42(8), 1072-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.04.007
  16. Tong, L. and Gjorv, O.E. (2001), "Chloride diffusivity based on migration testing", Cement Concrete Res., 31(7), 973-982. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00525-7
  17. Wang, W.C., Liu, C.C. and Lee, C. (2012), "Effective asr inhibiting length and applied electrical field under accelerated lithium migration technique", J. Marine Sci. Tech., 20(3), 253-258.
  18. Wee, T.H., Suryavanshi, A.K. and Tin, S.S. (2000), "Evaluation of rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) results for concrete containing mineral admixtures", ACI Mater. J., 97(2), 221-232.
  19. Yang, C.C. (2004), "Relationship between migration coefficient of chloride ions and charge passed in steady state", ACI Mater. J., 101(2), 124-130.
  20. Yang, C.C. and Chiang, S.C. (2008), "A rapid method for determination of the Chloride migration coefficient in concrete using electrical field", J .ASTM Int., 5(4), Paper ID JAI101409.
  21. Yang, C.C. and Cho, S.W. (2003), "An electrochemical method for accelerated chloride migration test of diffusion coefficient in cement-based materials", Mater. Chem. Phys., 81(1), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00159-7
  22. Yang, C.C. and Cho, S.W. (2004), "The relationship between chloride migration rate for concrete and electrical current in steady state using the accelerated chloride migration test", Mater. Struct., 37(271), 456-463. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02481582
  23. Yang, C.C. and Su, J.K. (2002), "Approximate migration coefficient of interfacial transition zone and the effect of aggregate content on the migration coefficient of mortar", Cement Concrete Res., 32(10), 1559-1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00832-3
  24. Yang, C.C. and Weng, S.H. (2013), "A three-phase model for predicting the effective chloride migration coefficient of ITZ in cement-based materials", Mag. Concr. Res., 64(1), 1-9.
  25. Yang, C.C. and Weng, T.L. (2003), "Using charge passed to determine the chloride diffusion coefficient in mortar from accelerated chloride migration test", Constr. Build. Mater., 17(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00004-7
  26. Zhang, S. and Zhao, B. (2012), "Research on chloride ion diffusivity of concrete subjected to CO2 environment", Comput. Concr., 10(3), 219-229. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2012.10.3.219
  27. Zhang, W.M., Ba, H.J. and Chen, S.J. (2011), "Effect of fly ash and repeated loading on diffusion coefficient in chloride migration test", Constr. Build. Mater., 25(5), 2269-2274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.016

Cited by

  1. Chloride diffusion study in different types of concrete using finite element method (FEM) vol.2, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc2014.2.1.039
  2. Influence of flexural loading on chloride ingress in concrete subjected to cyclic drying-wetting condition vol.15, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.15.2.183