해양환경안전학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety)

  • 제20권6호
  • /
  • Pages.721-729
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  • 2014
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  • 1229-3431(pISSN)
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  • 2287-3341(eISSN)
해양환경안전학회 (The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety)
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해양 선박사고로 인한 인명피해와 기업의 형사책임 - 영미의 사례 및 세월호 침몰사건과 관련하여 -

Loss of Lives caused by Ship Accidents and Corporate Criminal Liability

  • 투고 : 2014.11.14
  • 심사 : 2014.12.26
  • 발행 : 2014.12.31
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⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 논문은 해상에서 다수의 인명피해를 야기하는 해양선박사고에 있어서 기업의 형사책임에 대하여 영국과 미국의 실제 사례와 입법례를 최근의 세월호 침몰사고와 관련하여 고찰하였다. 선박침몰의 직접적 원인은 대개 선박 운항을 담당하는 선장과 선원의 과실이겠으나, 궁극적으로 선박회사의 조직과 관리 감독체계의 문제점이 원인인 경우가 많다. 따라서 선박침몰사고 등 대형사고에 있어서 실무자뿐 아니라 기업 자체도 형사처벌할 필요성이 있었으나, 법리상 기업에 대한 처벌이 쉽지 않았다. 이러한 난점을 극복하기 위해서 영국은 2007년 기업살인법을 제정하여 대처하고 있다. 우리의 경우 세월호 참사를 계기로 기업과 기업주를 처벌해야 한다는 여론이 있었으나 법리상의 난점이 있다. 외국의 사례와 입법례를 보면 기업자체를 형사처벌하는 입법은 법리상 가능할 뿐 아니라 우리의 상황에서 필요한 일이기도 하므로, 이러한 입법을 통하여 대형인명재해를 예방할 수 있도록 해야 하리라 판단된다.

The purpose of this article is to examine maritime accident and corporate criminal liability in comparison with cases and laws in UK and US. In Anglo-American law, a corporation can be convicted of and sentenced for a criminal offence. However, some theoretical difficulties lie in fixing a corporation with the appropriate mens rea. The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007 in England is to solve those difficulties and punish a corporation like a natural person. Comparing to Anglo-American law, a corporation is difficult to be punished in Korean law because it is a well recognized theory that only natural person is capable of committing a crime. However, safety in society and workplace is earning great concern in Korea, and emphasis is put on responsibilities of corporations. This article discusses the need for legislation on corporate manslaughter act in Korea with regard to the sinking of the MV Sewol.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Design and Implementation of Ship Application System for Maritime Service Utilizing onboard Ship Collected Data vol.20, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12673/jant.2016.20.2.116