Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of CO2 Capture with Spray Towers Using Ammonia Solution

암모니아수 흡수제를 사용하는 분무탑의 이산화탄소 포집 기본특성에 관한 실험적 연구

  • Lim, Youngbok (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology) ;
  • Choi, Munkyoung (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Jinwon (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology)
  • 임영복 (포항공과대학교 기계공학과) ;
  • 최문경 (포항공과대학교 기계공학과) ;
  • 이진원 (포항공과대학교 기계공학과)
  • Received : 2013.08.28
  • Accepted : 2013.11.30
  • Published : 2014.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to identify basic characteristics of $CO_2$ capture using a spray tower with a single nozzle. Results were evaluated in terms of $CO_2$ saturation which is the main determining factor of regeneration energy, and capture efficiency under various operating conditions. Changes in the capture efficiency under various conditions are well expressed as a monotone increasing function of the relative solvent $(NH_3):CO_2$ flow rate. Although changes in $CO_2$ saturation are also well described as a function of the $NH_3/CO_2$ flow rate ratio, these are expressed as a monotone decreasing function, in contrast with the increasing function of $CO_2$ efficiency. In recent research on the relationship between $CO_2$ saturation and capture efficiency, $CO_2$ saturation was found to decrease when capture efficiency increased. In conclusion, the results show that the amount of solvent used for achieving high capture efficiencies is excessive, as is the amount of regeneration energy needed.

단일 노즐을 이용하는 $CO_2$ 포집용 분무탑의 기본적 특성을 실험적으로 구하였다. 다양한 조건 - 주입 기체 유량 및 농도, 주입 흡수제 유량 및 농도 등 - 에서 얻어진 포집성능을 포집효율 뿐만 아니라 재생에너지의 주요 결정요인인 $CO_2$ 포화도 측면에서 검토하였다. 다양한 조건들에서의 포집효율 변화는 흡수제($NH_3$)와 $CO_2$의 상대적 유량비만의 단조증가함수로 잘 표현되었다. 포집후의 흡수제의 $CO_2$ 포화도 또한 $NH_3/CO_2$ 유량비만의 함수로 잘 정리가 되었으나, 포집효율과는 다르게 단조감소함수를 보였으며, 특히 $CO_2$ 포화도와 포집효율과의 상관관계를 보면 기존의 모든 연구들에서 포집효율이 증가할수록 $CO_2$ 포화도가 감소하였다. $CO_2$ 포화도는 낮은 포집효율 조건에서 최대 20-25% 수준이었으나, 90% 이상의 고효율에서는 10% 미만으로 매우 낮았다. 이는 높은 포집효율을 위해 사용되는 흡수제의 양이 과도하며, 다시 재생에너지가 과도하게 필요함을 의미한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yamasaki, A., 2003, "An Overview of $CO_{2}$ Mitigation Options for Global Warming - Emphasizing $CO_{2}$ Sequestration Options," J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 61-375.
  2. Stewart, C. and Hessami M., 2005, "A Study of Methods of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration-the Sustainability of a Photosynthetic Bioreactor Approach," Energ. Convers. Manage, Vol. 46, pp. 403-420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2004.03.009
  3. Nuchitprasittichai, A. and Cremaschi, S., 2013, "Sensitivity of Amine-Based $CO_{2}$ Capture Cost: The Influences of $CO_{2}$ Concentration in Flue Gas and Utility Cost Fluctuations," International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 13, pp. 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.12.012
  4. Yeh, J.T., Resnik, K.P., Rygle, K. and Pennline, H. W., 2005, "Semi-Batch Absorption and Regeneration Studies for $CO_{2}$ Capture by Aqueous Ammonia," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 86, No. 14-15, pp. 1533-1546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.01.015
  5. Treybal, R. E., 1980, Mass-Transfer Operations, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
  6. Strigle, R. F., 1987, Random Packings and Packed Towers, Design and Applications, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston.
  7. Aroonwilas, A., 1996, "High Efficiency Structured Packing for $CO_{2}$ Absorption Using 2-Amino-2- Methyl-1-Propanol (AMP)," M.A.Sc. Thesis, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
  8. Aroonwilas, A., Veawab, V. and Tontiwachwuthikul, P., 1999, "Behavior of the Mass-Transfer Coefficient of Structured Packings in $CO_{2}$ Absorbers with Chemical Reactions," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 38, pp. 2044-2050. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie980728c
  9. Aroonwilas, A., Tontiwachwuthikul, P. and Chakma, A., 2001, "Effects of Operating and Design Parameters on $CO_{2}$ Absorption in Columns with Structured Packings," Sep. Purif. Technol., Vol. 24, pp. 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(01)00140-X
  10. Aroonwilas, A. and Veawab, A., 2004, "Characterization and Comparison of $CO_{2}$ Absorption Performance into Single and Blended Alkanolamines in Packed Column," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 43, No. 9, pp. 2228-2237. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie0306067
  11. Yeh, J. T., Pennline, H. W. and Resnik, K. P., 2004, "Study of $CO_{2}$ Absorption and Desorption in a Packed Column," Energy Fuels, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 74-278.
  12. DeMontigny, D., Tontiwachwuthikul, P. and Chakma, A., 2005, "Comparing the Absorption Performance of Packed Columns and Membrane Contactors," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 44, No. 15, pp. 5726-5732. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie040264k
  13. Mehta, K.C. and Sharma, M.M., 1970, "Mass Transfer in Spray Columns," Br. Chem. Eng., Vol. 15, No. 11, pp. 1440-1444.
  14. Taniguchi, I., Takamura, Y. and Asano, K., 1997, "Experimental Study of Gas Absorption with a Spray Column," J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 427-433.
  15. Mehta, K. C. and Sharma, M. M., 1970 "Mass transfer in spray columns," Br. Chem. Eng., Vol. 15, No. 12, pp. 1556-1558.
  16. Fukunaka, Y., Inada, A., Ogawa, A. and Asaki, Z., 1992, "Absorption of $CO_{2}$ Gas into Falling Droplets of Aqueous NaOH Solution," Metall. ReV. MMIJ, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 33-50.
  17. Yeh, N. K. and Rochelle, G. T., 2003, "Liquid- Phase Mass Transfer in Spray Contactors," AIChE J., Vol. 49, No. 9, pp. 363-2373.
  18. Javed, K. H., Mahmud, T. and Purba E., 2010, "The $CO_{2}$ Capture Performance of a High-Intensity Vortex Spray Scrubber," Chem. Eng. J., Vol. 162, No. 2, pp. 448-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.03.038
  19. Liu, J., Wang, S., Zhao, B., Tong, H. and Chen, C., 2009, "Absorption of Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous Ammonia," Energy Procedia, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 933-940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.01.124
  20. Qing, Z., Yincheng, G. and Zhenqi, N., 2011, "Experimental Studies on Removal Capacity of Carbon Dioxide by a Packed Reactor and a Spray Column Using Aqueous Ammonia," Energy Procedia, Vol. 4, pp. 519-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.01.083
  21. ZhenQi, N., YinCheng, G. and WenYi, L., 2010, "Experimental Studies on Removal of Carbon Dioxide by Aqueous Ammonia Fine Spray," Sci. China Tech. Sci., Vol. 53, pp. 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-010-0023-6

Cited by

  1. Absorption Performance vol.54, pp.22, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01378