Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Breeding System and Allozyme Genetic Diversity of Deutzia paniculata Nakai, an Endemic Shrub in Korea

고유종 꼬리말발도리의 생식특성과 동위효소 유전다양성

  • Chang, Chin-Sung (Department of Forest Sciences and The Arboretum, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hui (Department of Medicinal Plants Resources, Mokpo National University and Institute of Oriental Medicine)
  • 장진성 (서울대학교 산림과학부(부속수목원)) ;
  • 김휘 (목포대학교 한약자원학과(한방산업연구소))
  • Received : 2013.07.23
  • Accepted : 2014.10.31
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

Deutzia paniculata is an endemic species, which is geographically restricted within southern part of Korea. Four populations of D. paniculata were sampled across its natural range, from the smallest population, Mt. Dalum, which held less than 100 individuals, to the largest, Mt. Unmum, over 3,500 individuals. Artificial pollination study showed that D. paniculata had an obligate outcross breeding system. Major pollinators were two bee species, Lasioglossum exiliceps and Allograpta balteata (de Geer). The breeding system and patterns of allozyme variation of D. paniculata were investigated to understand the population biology and to explain on reserve designs and management proposals relevant to this species. D. paniculata held relatively low genetic variation at the eight allozyme loci surveyed. Measures of genetic variation in this species alleles per locus ($A_s=1.33$), proportion of polymorphic loci (P=23.85%), and expected heterozygosity ($H_{es}=0.110$) were similar to values reported for endemic species. Mt. Dalum population (DAL) was composed with one clone based on allozyme data. Individuals of D. paniculata were frequently included in root connected clusters. Population genetic structure between and within four populations was probably the result of shrinking effective population size and the extinctions of intervening populations. For the conservation of genetic diversity, maximum number of different genotype need to be protected based on genetic structure and mating system.

고유식물인 꼬리말발도리는 팔공산, 달음산, 가지산과 운문산 등 경상남북도에 제한적으로 분포한다. 본 연구대상인 4개 집단의 크기는 달음산의 최소 100개체에서 운문산 집단이 최대 3,500개체까지이다. 인공수분실험 결과, 생식양식은 완전 타가수분이며, 주요 관찰 화분매개자는 Lasioglossum exiliceps (Vachal)과 호리꽃등에 [Allograpta balteata (de Geer)]였다. 동위효소로 유전적 다양성을 측정한 결과, 종 수준에서의 평균적인 유전다양성은 유전자좌 당 평균 대립유전자수($A_s$)는 1.33, 유전다양성($H_{es}$)은 0.110으로 이미 보고된 고유식물종의 유전다양성과 비슷한 값을 보였다. 달음산 집단은 모든 개체에서 동일한 유전적 조성을 보였으며, 이 집단의 전체 개체가 클론으로 추정된다. 유전자좌의 비율(P)과 유전자좌당 평균 대립유전자($A_P$)의 수는 팔공산 집단이 가장 높았다. 집단 간의 전체 유전 고정지수($F_{IT}$)는 집단 내 지수($F_{IS}$)보다 높아 집단 내 이형접합자의 비율은 높지만, 종 전체 이형접합자 부족현상이 확인되었다. 집단 간의 유전적 분화의 정도를 나타내는 $F_{ST}$값은 0.223, 각 집단 간의 유전적 거리는 평균 0.047(0.011-0.066)로 단형성을 갖는 유전자가 많아 실제 분화는 일부 유전자좌에 국한된 결과이다. 꼬리말발도리의 유전다양성의 감소는 집단의 유효집단 크기 감소와 관련이 있으며, 현지내의 생육지 보전과 함께 현지외 보전을 위해 각 집단별로 최대 유전 다양성을 확보하는 전략이 필요하다.

Keywords

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