DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Operation of ULCS - real life

  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

In this paper the real life operation of ULCS (Ultra Large Container Ships) is presented from the point of view of shipmasters. The paper provides interpretation of results of questionnaire filled by masters of large container ships during Tools for Ultra Large Container Ships (TULC) EUI FP7 project. This is done in a way that results of questionnaire are further reviewed and commented by experienced master of ULCS. Following phenomena are subject of questionnaire and further discussed in the paper: parametric rolling, slamming, whipping, springing, green water and rogue waves. Special attention is given to the definition of rough sea states as well as to measures that ship masters take to avoid them as well as to the manoeuvring in heavy seas. The role of the wave forecast and weather routing software is also discussed.

Keywords

References

  1. Aksu, S., Boyd, S., Cannon, S., Chirica, I., Hughes, O., Miyazaki, S., Romanoff, J., Rorup, T., Senjanovic, I. and Wan, Z., 2009. Quasi static response, committee II.1. 17th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress, Seoul, Korea, 16-21 August 2009, pp.211-287.
  2. American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), 2010. Guidance notes on whipping assessment for container carriers. American Bureau of Shipping, Houston, USA, December 2010.
  3. Bitner-Gregersen, E.M., Cramer, E.H. and Loseth, R., 1995. Uncertainties of load characteristics and fatigue damage of ship structures. Marine Structures, 8(2), pp.97-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/0951-8339(94)00013-I
  4. Bitner-Gregersen, E.M., Cramer, E.H. and Loseth, R., 1995. Uncertainties of load characteristics and fatigue damage of ship structures. Marine Structures, 8(2), pp.97-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2008.05.002
  5. Buckley, W.H., 2005. Extreme waves for ship and offshore platform design, T&R Report R-57. Jersey City: SNAME.
  6. Corak , M., Parunov, J. and Guedes Soares, C., 2013. Long-term prediction of combined wave and whipping bending moments of container ships. Ships and Offshore Structures, DOI: 10.1080/17445302.2013.833022.
  7. Dubrovskiy, V.A., 2000. Complex comparison of seakeeping: method and example. Marine Technology, 37(4), pp.223-229.
  8. Faltinsen O.M., 1990. Sea loads on ships and offshore structures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  9. Faulkner, D., 1997. Discussion on environment. 13th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress, Trondheim, Norway, 10-11 August 1997, pp.10-11.
  10. Faulkner, D., 1998. An independent assessment of the sinking of the MV DERBYSHIRE. Transactions SNAME, 106, pp. 59-103.
  11. Guedes Soares, C., 1990. Effect of heavy weather maneuvering on the wave-induced vertical bending moments in ship structures. Journal of Ship Research, 34(1), pp.60-68.
  12. Guedes Soares, C., 1996. On the definition of rule requirements for wave induced vertical bending moments. Marine Structures, 9, pp.409-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/0951-8339(95)00033-X
  13. Hirdaris, S., Bai, W., Dessi, D., Ergin, A., Gu, X., Hermundstad, O.A., Huijsmans, K., lijima, K., Nielsen, U.D., Parunov, J., Fonseca, N., Papanikolaou, A., Argyriadis, K. and Incecik, A., 2014. Loads for use in the design of ships and offshore structures. Ocean Engineering, 78, pp.131-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2013.09.012
  14. Hogben, N., Dacunha, N.M.C. and Olliver, G.F., 1986. Global wave statistics. Feltham: British Maritime Technology Ltd.
  15. Huges, O.F. and Paik, J.K., 2010. Ship structural analysis and design. USA: SNAME.
  16. Moan, T., Shu, Z., Drummen, I. and Almashi, H., 2006a. Comparative reliability analysis of ships - considering different ship types and the effect of ship operations on loads. Transactions SNAME, 114, pp.16-54.
  17. Moan, T., Das, P.K., Friis-Hansen, P., Hovem, L., Parmentier, G., Rizzuto, E., Shigemi, T. and Spencer, J., 2006b. Reliability based structural design and code development, Special task committee VI.1. 16th International ship and offshore structures congress, 20-25 August 2006, Southampton, United Kingdom, pp.321-395.
  18. Papanikolaou, A., Alfred Mohammed, E. and Hirdaris, S.E., 2014. Stochastic uncertainty modelling for ship design loads and operational guidance. Ocean Engineering, 86(1), pp.47-57 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.01.014
  19. Payer, H.G., 2001. Technological and economic implications of mega container carriers. SNAME Transactions, 109, pp. 101-120.
  20. Storhaug, G., 2009. The 4400 TEU container vessel MSC napoli broke Its back, but did whipping contribute. Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, Southampton, UK, 8-10 September 2009, pp.233-243.
  21. Tuitman J., 2010. Hydro-elastic response of ship structures to slamming induced whipping. PhD thesis. Delft Technical University.