Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Characteristics of Population Dynamics and Habitat Use of Shorebirds in Rice Fields during Spring Migration

봄철 논습지에 도래하는 도요·물떼새의 서식지 이용과 개체군 변동

  • Choi, Seung-Hye (Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Nam, Hyung-Kyu (Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yoo, Jeong-Chil (Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University)
  • 최승혜 (경희대학교 생물학과.한국조류연구소) ;
  • 남형규 (경희대학교 생물학과.한국조류연구소) ;
  • 유정칠 (경희대학교 생물학과.한국조류연구소)
  • Received : 2014.10.30
  • Accepted : 2014.12.03
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Shorebirds use a variety of wetlands as their stopover sites to replenish energy and nutrient reserves along the migration route. It is increasingly important to understand how birds use the remaining available habitats during migration period, because shorebird stopover sites are often altered and destroyed. Rice fields serve as a major inland stopover site for migrating shorebirds. However, the information on habitat use patterns of shorebirds in rice fields is very limited in Korea. Therefore, we studied the patterns of shorebird abundance and their habitat use in rice fields during spring migration period in western-central Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: Surveys were conducted at interval of 2-3 days during the spring migration period of 2014 at rice fields of mid-western Korea. We recorded the location of the observed birds on the rice field map according to the local habitat type. The habitat types were divided by physical structure and cultivation methods. Fifteen shorebird species and 7,852 individuals were recorded during the survey period. The number of shorebird species and their abundance began to increase from the beginning of flooding in late-April, and reached a maximum in early-May. After rice transplantation, the number of shorebird species and their abundance dramatically declined. Shorebirds selectively used paddy and levee rather than road and ditch and most species used shallow depth field type. Plowed field types were less attractive to most species. CONCLUSION: Flooding rice fields were functioned as stopover sites for a variety of shorebird species during spring migration period. Furthermore, these results provide that the appropriate agricultural practices can be improving the habitat quality for shorebirds.

본 연구는 봄철 논습지에 도래하는 도요 물떼새류의 도래패턴과 서식지 이용 특성을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 조사는 한국 중서부지역에 위치한 아산만 일대의 농경지에서 2014년 4월 21일부터 5월 30일까지 2~3일 간격으로 총 18회 수행 되었다. 조사 기간 동안 관찰된 도요 물떼새류는 총 15종 7,852개체였다. 대상 종들의 시기별 도래 특성은 본답에 물을 대기 시작하는 4월 중반부터 관찰되었고 5월 초까지 지속적으로 종수와 개체수가 증가하는 경향이 나타났으며 5월 후반으로 가면서 종수와 개체수는 감소하였다. 농경지의 물리적 구조에 따른 서식지 이용 특성은 종별 차이가 나타났으며, 대부분의 종에서 본답과 논둑은 수로나 농로에 비해 선호성이 높게 나타났다. 본답의 미소서식지 선호성은 지역 농업인의 농업 관리에 의해 다양하게 나타났으며, 도요 물떼새류의 종별 서식지의 선호성 차이가 명확히 나타났다. 대부분 종은 무논의 본답 형태에서 관찰되었고, 써레질 후 5 cm 이하로 물을 얕게 댄 형태인 본답의 이용이 가장 높았다. 반면 물을 대지 않은 건답의 형태인 수확 후 추경한 형태는 이용을 하지 않았다. 결론적으로 봄철 논습지는 도요 물떼새류에게 중간 기착지로서 중요한 기능을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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