Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy (한국수소및신에너지학회논문집)

The Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society (한국수소및신에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on the Synthesis of HoN Nanoparticles and Magnetocaloric Effect as Magnetic Refrigerant for Hydrogen Re-Liquefaction

수소재액화를 위한 자기냉매용 HoN 나노분말 합성 및 자기열량효과 연구

  • Kim, Dongsoo (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science) ;
  • Ahn, Jongbin (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science) ;
  • Jang, Sehoon (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science) ;
  • Chung, Kookchae (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science) ;
  • Kim, Jongwoo (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science) ;
  • Choi, Chuljin (Powder & Ceramics Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science)
  • 김동수 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부) ;
  • 안종빈 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부) ;
  • 장세훈 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부) ;
  • 정국채 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부) ;
  • 김종우 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부) ;
  • 최철진 (재료연구소 분말/세라믹 연구본부)
  • Received : 2014.09.24
  • Accepted : 2014.12.31
  • Published : 2014.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Rare-earth (RE) nitrides can be used as magnetocaloric materials in low temperature. They exhibit ferromagnetism and have Curie temperature in the region from 6 to 70 K. In this study, Holmium nitride (HoN) nano particles were prepared through plasma arc discharge technique and their magnetocaloric properties were studied. Nitrogen gas ($N_2$) was employed as an active element for arc discharge between two electrodes maintained at a constant current. Also, it played an important role not only as a reducing agent but also as an inevitable source of excited nitrogen molecules and nitrogen ions for the formation of HoN phase. Partial pressure of $N_2$ was systematically varied from 0 to 28,000 Pa in order to obtain single phase of HoN with minimal impurities. Magnetic entropy change (${\Delta}S_m$) was calculated with data set measured by PPMS (Physical Property Measurement System). The as-synthesized HoN particles have shown a magnetic entropy change ${\Delta}S_m$) of 27.5 J/kgK in applied field of 50,000 Oe at 14.2 K thereby demonstrating its ability to be applied as an effective magnetic refrigerant towards the re-liquefaction of hydrogen.

Keywords

References

  1. T. Nakagawa, T. Arakawa, K. sako, N. Tomioka, Takao A. Yamamoto, T. kusunose, K. Niihara, K. Kamiya, and T. Numazawa : "Magnetocaloric effects of ferromagnetic erbium mononitride", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 408-412, 2006, p. 187-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.04.046
  2. Takao A. Yamamoto, K. Nakagawa, K. Sako, T. Arakawa, and H. Nitani : "Magnetocaloric effect of rare earth mono-nitrides, TbN and HoN", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 376, 2004, p. 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2003.12.012
  3. M. H. Phan, S. C. Yu, and R : "Review of the magnetocaloric effect in manganite materials" Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 308, 2007, p. 325-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.07.025
  4. V. K. Pecharsky and K. A. Gschneidner, and Jr : "Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in $Gd_5(Si_2Ge_2)$", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, No. 23, 1997, p. 4494-4497. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4494
  5. H. Wada and Y. Tanabe : "Giant magnetocaloric effect of $MnAs_{1-x}Sb_x$", Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 79, No. 20, 2001, p. 12. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1381037
  6. F. X. Hu, B. G. Shen, J. R. Sun, Z. H. Cheng, G. H. Rao, X. X. Zhang : " Influence of negative lattice expansion and metamagnetic transition on magnetic entropy change in the compound $LaFe_{11.4}Si_{1.6}$", Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 78, No. 23, 2001, p. 3675-3677. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1375836
  7. F. X. Hu, B. G. Shen, and J. R. Sun : "Magnetic entropy change in $Ni_{51.5}Mn_{22.7}Ga_{25.8}$ alloy", Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 76, No. 23, 2000, p. 3460-3462. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.126677
  8. D. T. Hanh, M. S. Islam, F. A. Khan, D. L. Minh, N. Chau : "Large magnetocaloric effect around room temperature in $La_{0.7}Ca_{0.3-x}Pb_xMoO_3$ perovskites", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, 2007, p. 2826-2828 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.1061
  9. S. Kalle, N. Kallel, O. Pena, and M. Oumezzine : "Large magnetocaloric effect in Ti-Modified $La_{0.70}Sr_{0.30}MnO_3$ perovskite", Materials Letters, Vol. 64, No. 9, 2010, p. 1045-1048 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.02.005
  10. S. Kallel, N. Kallel, O. Pena, and M. Oumezzine : "About rare earth mononitrides and nitrides with higher nitrogen content", Monatshefte Fur Chemie, Vol. 103, No. 5, 1972, p. 1285-1298. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00904513
  11. David P. Schumacher, and W. E. Wallace : "Magnetic Characteristics of Some Lanthanide Nitrides", Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 5, No. 9, 1966, p. 1563. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50043a021
  12. D. E. LaValle : "Preparation of nitrides and phosphides of rare-earth metals", Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 24, No. 7, 1962, p. 930-934. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1902(62)80118-3
  13. N. A. Viglin, S. V. Naumov, and Ya. M. Mukovskii, : "A Magnetic Resonance Study of $La_{1-x}Sr_xMnO_3$ Manganites", Physics of the Solid State, Vol. 43, No. 10, 2001, p. 1934-1940. https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1410634
  14. Y. Hirayama, T. Nakagawa, and T. A. yamamoto, : "Curie temperatures and modified de Gennes factors of rare earth nitrides", Solid State Communications, Vol. 151, 2011, p. 1602-1604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2011.07.021
  15. H. Imamura, T. Imahashi, M. Zaimi, and Y. Sakata : "Preparation and characteristics of various rare earth nitrides", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 451, 2008, p. 636-639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.086
  16. P. Si, C.J. choi, O. Tegus, E. Bruck, D.Y. Geng and Z.D. Zhang, : "Air stability and magnetic properties of GdN, TiN, And (Gd,Ti)N nano-particles", Journal of Nanoparticles Research, Vol. 10, 2008, p. 53-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9232-8
  17. R. A. Cutler, and A. W. Lawson, : "Synthesis and magnetic behavior of GdN", Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 46, No. 6, 1975, p. 2739-2744. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.321949
  18. D. X. Li, Y. Haga, H. Shida, and T. Suzuki, "Magnetic properties of ferromagnetic GdN", Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 199-200, No. 2, 1994, p. 631-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(94)91928-3
  19. F. Natali, B.J. Ruck, S. Granville and W.R.L. Lambrecht, "Rare-earth mononitrides", Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 58, 2013, p. 1316-1360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.06.002