DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Various Pretreatment Methods on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties of Carrot

다양한 전처리 방법에 따른 당근의 이화학 및 영양학적 특성 분석

  • Kim, Kwang-Il (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Guk (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yoo, Seon-Mi (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Min, Sang-Gi (Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University) ;
  • Choi, Mi-Jung (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University)
  • 김광일 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과) ;
  • 황인국 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 유선미 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 민상기 (건국대학교 바이오산업공학과) ;
  • 최미정 (건국대학교 생명자원식품공학과)
  • Received : 2014.08.11
  • Accepted : 2014.09.26
  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

Pre-thermal treatment is important to minimize quality changes during main cooking or storage. In this study, to optimize pre-thermal treatment of carrots, three types of pre-thermal treatments were applied to carrots and quality changes such as physicochemical, nutritional, or sensory properties were observed. Washed and sliced carrots were thermally treated by hot-water immersion ($100^{\circ}C$, 1~10 min), steaming ($100^{\circ}C$, 1~10 min), and stir-frying with oil (10~80 sec). Carrot tissue was maintained until 2 min hot-water immersion or steaming, and they were damaged by just 30 sec of stir-frying. Color and hardness were significantly affected by treatment time and temperature. Color was completely changed after 5 min and 7 min by hot-water and steam treatments, respectively. Hardness decreased to 44% compared with fresh carrot (4,500 g) after 1 min, 3 min, and 20 sec of hot-water, steam, and stir-frying, respectively. For nutritional changes, ascorbic acid, organic acid, and peroxide activity were reduced by all treatments compared with fresh carrot. Especially, succinic acid was dramatically reduced by hot-water treatment. Otherwise, free sugar contents were increased with greater treatment time in all samples. In this study, pre-thermal treatment of carrot was optimal at 2 min steaming treatment.

본 연구는 당근을 열처리법 중에서 열수침지, 과열증기 및 볶음 처리에 따른 이화학적 및 영양학적 특성을 분석한 논문으로 열처리가 당근에 미치는 영향을 비교하고자 하였다. 상품을 구매할 때 1차적인 구매요소인 색도 및 경도 측정과 추가적으로 pH와 조직 관찰 결과로 최적 조건 선정 후 영양학적 및 관능검사를 실시하였다. 열처리를 하지 않은 대조구에 비해 짧은 시간의 열처리에서는 더 진하고 선명한 색을 띠었으나, 장시간 동안 처리한 열처리 시료는 색의 침착을 보였다. 원물과의 색은 열처리 후 차이를 나타냈지만 열수 및 과열증기 2분 처리까지가 원물과 가장 유사한 색을 나타냈으며, 경도는 열처리 시간에 따라 감소 경향을 나타냈고 볶음 처리는 짧은 시간으로도 물성이 연화됐으며, 열수침지 및 과열증기 처리는 2분까지 원물에 가까운 경도를 유지했으나 처리 시간이 길어질수록 경도가 확실히 감소하였다. 비타민, 유리당 및 유기산의 경우 열수침지 처리에서 가장 큰 손실을 보였고, 과열증기, 볶음 처리 순으로 손실된 결과를 보였다. 특히 유기산에서 succinic acid는 열수침지 처리 시 큰 손실률을 보이며 감소된 결과를 나타냈다. Peroxidase activity 변화는 열수침지 및 과열증기 처리에서 볶음 처리보다 높은 불활성화를 보였다. 당근의 열처리 조건은 과열증기 처리법으로 2분 동안 처리하는 것이 다른 처리법에서 처리한 시간들에 비해 최적으로 나타났다. 식품마다 열처리 방법 별 각각의 최적 처리 시간을 가지고 있어, 높은 효율성이나 산업적으로 이용하려면 최적의 전처리 방법과 처리 시간을 산정하는 것이 중요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yoo JK, Lee JH, Cho HY, Kim JG. 2013. Change of antioxidant activities in carrots (Daucus carota var. sativa) with enzyme treatment. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 42: 262-267. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.2.262
  2. Shin MO, Bae SJ. 2001. The effect of Dacus carota L. extracts on the fluidity of phospholipid liposomes. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 646-650.
  3. Kim YH. 2004. Texture changes in some vegetables with heat treatment. MS Thesis. Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.
  4. Kim YH, Lee DS, Kim JC. 2004. Effect of blanching on textural properties of refrigerated and reheated vegetables. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 911-916. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.5.911
  5. Cheigh CI, Lee JH, Chung MS. 2011. Quality characteristics of vegetables by different steam treatments. Korean J Food & Nutr 24: 464-470. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2011.24.3.464
  6. Park NY, Jeong YJ, Kwon JH. 2007. Change in flavor compounds of Polygonatum odoratum root during roasting. Korean J Food Sci Technol 39: 99-103.
  7. Lee JH. 2009. Effects of steam-thermal processing on the food cooking quality. MS Thesis. Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  8. Sila DN, Smout C, Vu ST, Loey AV, Hendrickx M. 2005. Influence of pretreatment conditions on the texture and cell wall components of carrots during thermal processing. J Food Sci 70: E85-E91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07095.x
  9. AOAC. 1990. Official methods of analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA. p 8-35.
  10. Hwang IG, Shin YJ, Lee S, Lee J, Yoo SM. 2012. Effect of different cooking methods on the antioxidant properties of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Prev Nutr Food Sci 17: 286-292. https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2012.17.4.286
  11. Hwang IG, Kim HY, Lee J, Kim HR, Cho MC, Ko IB, Yoo SM. 2011. Quality characteristics of Cheongyang pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) according to cultivation region. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 40: 1340-1346. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.9.1340
  12. Kim MH, Jang HL, Yoon KY. 2012. Changes in physicochemical properties of Haetsum vegetables by blanching. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 41: 647-654. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.5.647
  13. Lee JJ, Jung HO. 2012. Changes in physicochemical properties of Spergularia marina Griseb by blanching. Korean J Food Preserv 19: 866-872. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.6.866
  14. Lee KS, Park KH, Lee SH, Choe EO, Lee HG. 2003. The quality properties of dried carrots as affected by blanching and drying methods during storage. Korean J Food Sci Technol 35: 1086-1092.
  15. Lee HO, Lee YJ, Kim JY, Yoon DH, Kim BS. 2011. Quality characteristics of frozen welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) according to various blanching treatment conditions. Korean J Food Sci Technol 43: 426-431. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2011.43.4.426
  16. Korea Food Information Institute. 2013. Professional partner of food industry. Daejeon, Korea. p 21.
  17. Kim BC, Hwang JY, Wu HJ, Lee SM, Cho HY, Yoo YM, Shin HH, Cho EY. 2012. Quality changes of vegetables by different cooking methods. Korean J Culinary Res 18: 40-53.
  18. Lee HG, Lee KS, Lee SH, Choe EO, Park KW. 2001. Characterization of pectinolytic enzyme and blanching condition of raw carrots. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 228-233.
  19. Lee HO, Kim JY, Kim GH, Kim BS. 2012. Quality characteristics of frozen Aster scaber according to various blanching treatment conditions. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 41: 246-253. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.2.246
  20. Rhee HS. 1995. The measurement methods of the textural characteristics of fermented vegetables. Korean J Soc Food Sci 11: 83-91.
  21. Chung HM, Lee GJ. 1989. The effects of blanching temperature and cooking methods on the changes in vitamin C of potato. Korean J Food Sci Technol 21: 788-794.
  22. Somsub W, Kongkachuichai R, Sungpuag P, Charoensiri R. 2008. Effects of three conventional cooking methods on vitamin C, tannin, myo-inositol phosphates contents in selected Thai vegetables. J Food Compos Anal 21: 187-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2007.08.002
  23. Jung JY, Lim JH, Jeong EH, Kim BS, Jeong MC. 2007. Effects of blanching conditions and salt concentrations on the quality properties of Aster scaber. Korean J Food Preserv 14: 584-590.

Cited by

  1. Quality characteristics and antioxidant capacities of oriental melon wine depending on pretreatments vol.22, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.3.421
  2. 채소류의 수확 후 원재료 및 데침 처리에 의한 비타민 B5 및 B6 함량 변화 vol.34, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20160001
  3. 당근의 전처리 조건에 따른 효소의 연화 효과 비교 vol.50, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9721/kjfst.2018.50.3.292
  4. 국내산 퀴노아의 조리방법에 따른 영양성분 비교 vol.33, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2020.33.2.117
  5. Residual Safety of Boscalid, Fluxapyroxad, Hexaconazole, Pencycuron, Pyraclostrobin, and Thifluzamide as Fungicides for the Prevention of Sclerotinia Rot on Carrot vol.25, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2021.25.1.11
  6. Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) slices according to temperature and duration of hot water treatment vol.28, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2021.28.6.716
  7. Changes of the Qualities and Active Components of New Carrot Cultivar 'Tamnahong' According to Different Harvest Time vol.50, pp.10, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2021.50.10.1101