한국과학교육학회지 (Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education)

  • 제33권6호
  • /
  • Pages.1248-1258
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 1226-5187(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-8489(eISSN)
한국과학교육학회 (The Korean Association for Science Education)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

과학자의 실험 목적에 대한 초등학생의 인식

Elementary School Students' Perception about the Purpose of Scientists' Experiments

  • 투고 : 2013.09.29
  • 심사 : 2013.10.10
  • 발행 : 2013.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 초등학생을 대상으로 과학자의 실험 목적에 대한 응답을 통하여 인식의 정도를 확인 하고자 한 것이다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 경기도 G시 한 초등학교의 초등학생 193명(남학생 96명, 여학생97명)을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 초등학생들의 응답을 성별, 학업성취도별, 과학관련 직업 희망여부별로 그 경향성을 나누어 살펴보았다. 학습자 특성이 과학자의 실험 목적에 대한 인식과 어떠한 상관이 있는지에 대한 분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 학생들은 과학자의 실험 목적에 대하여 '새로운 사실을 발견하기 위해서'라는 내적가치 중 인지적 영역과 관련된 항목에 34.2%, '생활을 편리하게 하기 위해서'라는 외적 가치의 사회적 영역에 대한 항목에 26.9%의 응답을 보였다. 이는 대부분의 학생들이 과학자들의 실험 목적을 사실의 획득이나 사회적으로 도움이 되기 위해서라고 인식하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 응답의 분포를 성별로 살펴보면, 여학생이 사회적 유용성 영역에 관한 인식이 높았으며 남학생이 논리 객관적 요소에 관한 인식이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 응답의 분포를 학업성취도별로 살펴보면, 과학자의 실험 목적에 대하여 상위권 학생이 사회적 유용성 영역에 관한 인식이 높았으며, 중 하위권 학생들은 인지적 영역에 관한 인식이 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 과학관련 직업을 희망하는 학생과 그렇지 않은 학생을 대상으로 한 과학실험의 목적에 대한 인식을 살펴보면 과학 관련 직업을 희망하는 학생의 인식이 더욱 다양하며, 그렇지 않은 학생은 인지적 영역에 대한 응답이 더욱 높은 것으로 나타났다.

This study investigated the elementary school students' perception of the "purpose of scientists' experiments" and discovered what roles teachers can take to provide guidance. The study subjects were 193 elementary school students (96 boys and 97 girls) in a school located in Gyeonggi-do. The responses were analyzed through categorization based on their gender, science test score at school, and understanding of the purposes of scientific experiments based on students' choice of science-related future careers. The results of this study were as follows. In relation to the purpose of science experiments, the elementary school students considered intrinsic values of doing experiments more valuable than their extrinsic values. Next, 34.2% of the students answered that scientists do science experiment 'to find a new fact' and 26.9% of the students answered 'to make life convenient.' The results showed that girls responded 'social usefulness' more frequently than boys. Considering the achievement levels, it was found that high level students replied 'to make life convenient' more frequently than middle and low level students on why scientists do science experiments. Students who want to have a science-related career had varied ideas about it.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cho, H., & Park, S. (2001). Science and science education(2nd). Seoul : Kyoyukkwahaksa.
  2. Kim, H., & Song, J. (2003). Middle school students' ideas about the purpose of laboratory work. Journal of the Korean Association for Science Education, 23(3), 254-264.
  3. Kim, J., & Shin, Y. (2003). Elementary school students' perception about the aims of school science experiments by gender and academic achievement. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education, 32(2), 159-168.
  4. Joung, Y., Jang, M., & Kim, H. (2011a). Elementary preservice teachers' views about the purpose of science experiments. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education, 30(2), 255-270.
  5. Joung, Y., Jang, M., & Kim, H. (2011b). Why do we do science experiments? : Scientifically gifted children's views about the purpose of science experiments. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education, 30(2), 189-203.
  6. Joung, Y., & Song, J. (2002). Investigating students' and teachers' views on ' the necessity of learning science' by the network analysis. Journal of the Korean Association for Science Education, 22(4), 806-819.
  7. Lee, S. (2000). The nature and structure of experimentation : Epistemic approach founded on theory-network. Ph. D. dissertation. Seoul, Korea: Seoul National University.
  8. Shin, Y. (2000). The effects of problem-oriented interdisciplinary science program based girl friendly I3E science teaching strategy. The Korean Journal of Biology Education, 28(2), 100-109.
  9. Bybee, R. & Deboer, G. (1994). Research on goals for the science curriculum. In Dorothy l. Gabel(Ed.), Handbook of research on science teaching and learning. NY: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  10. Carey, S., Evans, R., Honda, M., Jay, E., & Unger, C. (1989). "An experiment is when you try it and see if it works": A study of grade 7 students'understanding of the construction of scientific knowledge. International Journal of Science Education. 11(5), 514-529. https://doi.org/10.1080/0950069890110504
  11. Chalmers, A. F. 신인철, 신중섭 역(1985). 현대의 과학 철학. 서울: 서광사.
  12. Falk, D. F. (1980). Biology teaching methods. Malabar, F: Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company.
  13. Gower, B. (1997). Scientific method: An historical and philosophical introduction. London: Routledge.
  14. Hacking, I. (1983). Experimentation and scientific realism. Philosophical Topics. 13(1). 71-87.
  15. Hart, C., Mulhall, P., Berry, A., Loughran, J., & Gunstone, R (2000). What is the purpose of this experiment? Or can students learn something from doing experiments? Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 37(7), 655-675. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2736(200009)37:7<655::AID-TEA3>3.0.CO;2-E
  16. Kelly, A. (1987). Why girls don't do science, In Kelly, A.(ed.) Science for girls?. 110-112. Open University Press.
  17. Lazarowitz, R., & Tamir, P. (1994). Research on using laboratory instruction in science. In Dorothy, L. Gabel (Ed.), Handbook of research on science teaching and learning. 94-128. NY; Macmillan Publishing Company.
  18. Lederman, N. (1992). Students'and teachers'conceptions of the nature of science: A review of the research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 29(4), 331-359. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660290404
  19. Martinez, & Michael E. (1989). Gender differences in science interest.
  20. Watson, R. (2000). The Role of practical work. In M. Monk and J. osborne (Eds.), Good practice in science teaching; What research has to say (pp. 57-71). Buckingham; Open University Press.
  21. Wellington, J. J. (1998). Practical work in science : Which way now? In J. J. Wellington(Ed.). Practical work in school science. NY: Routledge.
  22. White, R. T. (1996). The link between the laboratory an teaching. International Journal of Science Education. 18(7), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1080/0950069960180703
  23. Woolnough, B. E. (1991). Practical science. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

피인용 문헌

  1. High School Teachers' and Students' Perceptions on the Purpose of Science Learning based on the Semantic Network Analysis vol.34, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.14697/jkase.2014.34.6.0571
  2. The Influence of Learning by Scientist Type on Attitudes toward Science, Reception of Scientific Experimental Purpose, and Reception of Scientist vol.31, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.13000/jfmse.2019.2.31.1.11