Computers and Concrete

  • 제12권5호
  • /
  • Pages.651-668
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 1598-8198(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-818X(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluating the bond strength between concrete substrate and repair mortars with full-factorial analysis

  • Felekoglu, Kamile Tosun (Civil Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus) ;
  • Felekoglu, Burcu (Industrial Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus) ;
  • Tasan, A. Serdar (Industrial Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus) ;
  • Felekoglu, Burak (Civil Engineering Department, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus)
  • 투고 : 2012.09.05
  • 심사 : 2013.07.11
  • 발행 : 2013.11.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Concrete structures need repairing due to various reasons such as deteriorative effects, overloading, poor quality of workmanship and design failures. Cement based repair mortars are the most widely used solutions for concrete repair applications. Various factors may affect the bond strength between concrete substrate and repair mortars. In this paper, the effects of polymer additives, strength of the concrete substrate, surface roughness, surface wetness and aging on the bond between concrete substrate and repair mortar has been investigated. Full factorial experimental design is employed to investigate the main and interaction effects of these factors on the bond strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) under design of experiments (DOE) in Minitab 14 Statistical Software is used for the analysis. Results showed that the interaction bond strength is higher when the application surface is wet and strength of the concrete substrate is comparatively high. According to the results obtained from the analysis, the most effective repair mortar additive in terms of bonding efficiency was styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) within the investigated polymers and test conditions. This bonding ability improvement can be attributed to the self-flowing ability, high flexural strength and comparatively low air content of SBR modified repair mortars. On the other hand, styrene acrylate rubber (SAR) modified mortars was found incompatible with the concrete substrate.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Afridi, M.U.K., Ohama, Y., Demura, K. and Iqbal, M.Z. (2003), "Development of polymer films by the coalescence of polymer particles in powdered and aqueous polymer-modified mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 33(11), 1715-1721. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)01094-3
  2. Al-Ostaz, A., Irshidat, M., Tenkhoff, B. and Ponnapalli, P.S. (2010), "Deterioration of bond integrity between repair material and concrete due to thermal and mechanical incompatibilities", J. Mater. Civil Eng., 22(2), 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2010)22:2(136)
  3. Arslan, M.E. and Durmus, A. (2011), "Investigation of bond behavior between lightweight aggregate concrete and steel rebar using bending test", Comput.Concr., 8(4), 465-472. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2011.8.4.465
  4. Asad, M., Baluch, M.H. and AI-Gadhib, A.H. (1997), "Drying shrinkage stresses in concrete patch repair systems", Mag. Concrete Res., 49(181), 283-293. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1997.49.181.283
  5. ASTM C230 (2008), Standard Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PA, USA.
  6. ASTM C348 (2008), Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PA, USA.
  7. ASTM C349 (2008), Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars (Using Portions of Prisms Broken in Flexure), ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PA, USA.
  8. ASTM D 4541 (2002), Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PA, USA.
  9. Beeldens, A., Monteny, J., Vincke, E., De Belie, N., Van Gemert, D., Taerwe, L. and Verstraete, W. (2001), "Resistance to biogenic sulphuric acid corrosion of polymer-modified mortars", Cement Concrete Compos., 23(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(00)00039-1
  10. Beushausen, H. (2010), "The influence of concrete substrate preparation on overlay bond strength", Mag. Concrete Res., 62(11), 845-852. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2010.62.11.845
  11. Beushausen, H. and Alexander, M.G. (2008), "Bond strength development between concretes of different ages", Mag. Concrete Res., 60(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2007.00108
  12. Cabrera, J.G. and Al-Hasan, A.S. (1997), "Performance properties of concrete repair materials", Construct. Build. Mater., 11(5-6), 283-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(97)00049-4
  13. Cleland, D.J. and Basheer, L. (2007), "Pull-off adhesion testing for concrete repairs", Mag. Concrete Res., 59(10), 771-776. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2007.59.10.771
  14. Courard, L. (2005), "Adhesion of repair systems to concrete: Influence of interfacial topography and transport phenomena", Mag. Concrete Res., 57(5), 273-282. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.5.273
  15. Da Porto, F., Stievanin, E. and Pellegrino, C. (2012), "Efficiency of RC square columns repaired with polymer-modified cementitious mortars", Cement Concrete Compos., 34(4), 545-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.11.020
  16. Do, J. and Soh, Y. (2003), "Performance of polymer-modified self-leveling mortars with high polymer-cement ratio for floor finishing", Cement Concrete Res., 33(10), 1497-1505. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)01057-8
  17. Domone, P.J. and Jin, J. (1999), "Properties of mortar for self-compacting concrete.", In: Proceedings of the First International RILEM Symposium on Self Compacting Concrete, SARL, Stockholm: RILEM Publications, 109-200.
  18. Emmons, P.H., Vaysburd, A.M. and McDonald, J.E. (1994), "Concrete repair in the future turn of the century - any problems?", Concrete Int., 16(3), 42-49.
  19. Garbacz, A., Górka , M. and Courard, L. (2005), "Effect of concrete surface treatment on adhesion in repair systems", Mag. Concrete Res., 57(1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2005.57.1.49
  20. Hewlett, P.C. (1993), "Assessment and evaluation of polymer-based repair materials", Concrete Int., 15(3), 39-41.
  21. ISO 3219 (1993), Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate, ISO Central Secretariat, Switzerland.
  22. Jenni, A., Holzer, L., Zurbriggen, R. and Herwegh, M. (2005), "Influence of polymers on microstructure and adhesive strength of cementitious tile adhesive mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 35(1), 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.06.039
  23. Kim, J.H. and Robertson, R.E. (1997), "Prevention of air void formation in polymer-modified cement mortar by pre-wetting", Cement Concrete Res., 27(2), 171-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00001-X
  24. Kim, J.H., Robertson, R.E. and Naaman, A.E. (1999), "Structure and properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-modified mortar and concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 29(3), 407-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00246-4
  25. Knapen, E. and Van Gemert, D. (2009), "Cement hydration and microstructure formation in the presence of water-soluble polymers", Cement Concrete Res., 39(1), 6-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.10.003
  26. Mangat, P.S. and O‟Flaherty, F.J. (2004), "Analysis of interfacial shrinkage stresses in patch repairs", Mag. Concrete Res., 56(7), 375-385. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2004.56.7.375
  27. Medeiros, M.H.F., Helene, P. and Selmo, S. (2009), "Influence of EVA and acrylate polymers on some mechanical properties of cementitious repair mortars", Construct. Build. Mater., 23(7), 2527-2533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.021
  28. Minitab 14 Statistical Software (2004), Minitab Inc., State College, PA, USA.
  29. Mirza, J., Mirza, M.S. and Lapointe, R. (2002), "Laboratory and field performance of polymer-modified cement-based repair mortars in cold climates", Construct. Build. Mater., 16(6), 365-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00027-2
  30. Momayez, A., Ehsani, M.R., Ramezanianpour, A.A. and Rajaie, H. (2005), "Comparison of methods for evaluating bond strength between concrete substrate and repair materials", Cement Concrete Res., 35(4), 748-757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.027
  31. Montgomery, D.C. and Runger, G.C. (2011), Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, 5th Ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc., USA.
  32. Odler, I. and Liang, N. (2003), "Properties and development of the microstructure in cement pastes modified by a styrene-butadiene co-polymer", Adv. Cement Res., 15(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1680/adcr.2003.15.1.1
  33. Ohama, Y. (1995), "Handbook of polymer-modified concrete and mortars: properties and process technology", Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, USA.
  34. Ohama, Y. (1997), "Recent progress in concrete-polymer composites", Adv. Cement Based Mater., 5(2), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1065-7355(96)00005-3
  35. Ohama, Y. (1998), "Polymer-based admixtures", Cement Concrete Compos., 20(2-3), 189-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(97)00065-6
  36. Pattnaik, R.R. and Rangaraju, P.R. (2007), "Analysis of compatibility between repair material and substrate concrete using simple beam with third point loading", J. Mater. Civil Eng., 19(12), 1060-1069. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:12(1060)
  37. Patural, L., Marchal, P., Govin, A., Grosseau, P., Ruot, B. and Devès, O. (2011), "Cellulose ethers influence on water retention and consistency in cement-based mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 41(1), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.09.004
  38. Qiao, F., Chau, C.K. and Li, Z. (2010), "Property evaluation of magnesium phosphate cement mortar as patch repair material", Construct. Build. Mater., 24(5), 695-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.10.039
  39. SAS Institute Inc. (2008), JMP 8 Design of Experiments Guide, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  40. Silfwerbrand, J. (2003), "Shear bond strength in repaired concrete structures", Mater. Struct., 36(6), 419-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02481068
  41. Singh, N.K., Mishra, P.C., Singh, V.K. and Narang, K.K. (2003), "Effects of hydroxyethyl cellulose and oxalic acid on the properties of cement", Cement Concrete Res., 33(9), 1319-1329. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00060-7
  42. Thomas, M.D.A., Bremner, T. and Scott, A.C.N. (2011), "Actual and modeled performance in a tidal zone", Concrete Int., 33(11), 23-28.
  43. Thomas, M., Hooton, R.D., Rogers, C. and Fournier, B. (2012), "50 Years old and still going strong: Fly ash puts paid to ASR", Concrete Int., 34(1), 35-40.
  44. Tosun, K., Felekoglu, B. and Baradan, B. (2012), "Optimisation of rheological and mechanical properties in design and quality control of repair mortars used for the repair of reinforced concrete structures", TUBITAK Research Project, Final Report, Grant No: 108M062.
  45. TS EN 196-1 (2009), Methods of Testing Cement - Part 1: Determination of Strength, Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara, Turkey.
  46. Vaysburd, A.M., Emmons, P.H., Mailvaganam, N.P., McDonald, J.E. and Bissonnette, B. (2004), "Concrete repair technology: A revised approach is needed", Concrete Int., 26(1), 59-65.
  47. Wang, R., Wang, P.M. and Li, X.G. (2005), "Physical and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion modified cement mortars", Cement Concrete Res., 35(5), 900-906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.07.012
  48. Wu, K.R., Zhang, D. and Song, J.M. (2002), "Properties of polymer-modified cement mortar using pre-enveloping method", Cement Concrete Res., 32(3), 425-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00697-4
  49. Yang, Z., Shi X., Creighton, A.T. and Peterson, M.M. (2009), "Effect of styrene-butadiene rubber latex on the chloride permeability and microstructure of Portland cement mortar", Construct. Build. Mater., 23(6), 2283-2290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.11.011