Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
권호 표지

Plant Community Structure of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. Forest in the Geumjeongsan (Mt.), Busan Metropolitan City

부산광역시 금정산 소나무림 식생구조 연구

  • Lee, Kyoung-Jae (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Univ. of Seoul) ;
  • Kwak, Jeong-In (Environmental Ecosystem Research Foundation) ;
  • Kwak, Nam-Hyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Univ. of Seoul) ;
  • Jang, Jong-Soo (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Univ. of Seoul)
  • 이경재 (서울시립대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 곽정인 ((재)환경생태연구재단) ;
  • 곽남현 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 장종수 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과)
  • Received : 2013.02.26
  • Accepted : 2013.08.31
  • Published : 2013.08.31
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Abstract

This study was carried out to provide a basic data for preservation of Pinus desiflora forest as cultural landscape forest by analyzing characteristics of plant community of P. desiflora forest in Geumjeongsan(mountatin) in Busan city. In order to analyze plant community of P. densiflora in Geumjeongsan, we set up 10 study plots inside and 8 plots outside of Geumjeongsansung(mountain fortress, hereinafter 'Sansung')(unit area: $400m^2$), a total of 18 plots. TWINSPAN analysis divided these 18 study plots into 6 communities which are Querqus serrata-P. desiflora community, P. desiflora community, P. desiflora-Q. serrata community, P. thunbergii-P. densiflora community, P. densiflora-P. thubergii-Q. acutissima community, and P. densiflora-Platycarya strobilacea community. Importance Percentage (I.P.) of each area and DBH class distribution of main species showed that P. densiflora community would succeed to Q. serrata community or C. tschonoskii community. Analysis on tree age found out that communities in the Sansung were 32~37 years old and those outside the Sansung were 44~57 years old. Shannon's species diversity index ranged from 0.4826 to 1.2499. Regarding correlation between species, P. densiflora had negative correlation with Styrax japonica. Based on abovementioned result we expected ecological succession from P. densiflora community to Q. serrata community inside of the Sansung. Outside the Sansung, succession from P. densiflora-P. thunbergii community to C. tschonoskii-Q. serrata community was expected. In order to manage P. densiflora forest as cultural landscape forest, Q. spp in the understory and shrub layer and deciduous broad-leaved arboreal trees should be managed. Tree crown management of deciduous broad-leaved trees in competition with P. desiflora, is also required.

본 연구는 부산광역시 금정산 소나무림의 식생구조 특성을 분석하여 문화경관림으로서의 소나무림 보전을 위한 기초자료 구축을 목적으로 수행하였다. 금정산 소나무 식생구조 분석을 위해 산성을 기준으로 내부 소나무림에 10개소, 외부 소나무림에 8개소, 총 18개소의 조사구(단위면적: $400m^2$)를 설정하였다. TWINSPAN분석결과 총 6개의 군집으로 구분되었다. 6개의 군집은 졸참나무-소나무군집, 소나무군집, 소나무-졸참나무군집, 곰솔-소나무군집, 소나무-곰솔-상수리나무군집, 소나무-굴피나무군집이었다. 각 군집의 층위별 상대우점치 및 주요 수종의 흉고직경급별 분포 분석결과 각각의 소나무군집은 졸참나무 또는 개서어나무군집으로 천이될 것으로 예측되었다. 수령분석결과 산성내부 군집은 32~37년생, 산성외부 소나무군집은 44~57년생이었다. Shannon의 종다양도지수는 0.4826~1.2499이었다. 소나무와 주요 수종간 상관관계는 때죽나무와 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과 산성내부는 소나무군집에서 졸참나무군집으로의 천이가 예측되었으며 산성외부는 소나무-곰솔군집에서 개서어나무-졸참나무군집으로의 천이가 예측되었다. 소나무 경관림 관리방안으로 아교목층과 관목층의 참나무류 및 교목성상의 낙엽활엽수 간벌과 소나무와 경쟁중인 낙엽활엽수의 수관전정 등의 관리가 필요하였다.

Keywords

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