생태와환경 (Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment)

  • 제46권3호
  • /
  • Pages.380-387
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 2288-1115(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-1123(eISSN)
한국수생태학회 (The Korean Society of Limnology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

$CO_2$ 농도와 온도 증가가 멸종위기식물 섬시호의 번식생태학적 특성에 미치는 영향

Effect of Elevated $CO_2$ Concentration and Temperature on the Phenology and Reproductive Ecological Characteristics of Bupleurum latissimum (Endangered plant)

  • 투고 : 2013.05.10
  • 심사 : 2013.09.05
  • 발행 : 2013.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

지구온난화에 따른 멸종위기식물 섬시호의 식물계절과 번식생태학적 반응을 알아보기 위하여, 4년생 섬시호를 일반대기 조건인 대조구와 이산화탄소와 온도를 상승시킨 처리구로 나누어 유리온실에서 생육시켜 관찰 비교하였다. 개엽 시기는 처리구가 대조구보다 4일 빨랐고, 열매 개시일은 처리구가 대조구보다 1일 빨리 시작되었으며, 열매성숙 시기는 처리구가 대조구보다 2일 빨랐다. 그리고 개체 당 화경 수, 성숙한 열매 수, 쭉정이 수, 쭉정이 무게, 총 열매수와 결실율은 처리구와 대조구간의 차이가 없었다. 그러나 성숙한 열매 한 개 무게, 성숙한 열매무게와 총 열매무게는 대조구에서 처리구보다 높았다. 발아율은 대조구가 처리구보다 현저히 높았다. 이러한 결과는 지구온난화 조건이 되면 섬시호의 식물계절은 빨라지고, 번식생태학적 반응은 부정적인 영향을 받을 것이다.

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of elevated $CO_2$ and temperature on the phenology and reproductive ecological characteristics of Bupleurum latissimum. We measured characteristics of 4-year-old B. latissimum grown under control (ambient $CO_2$+ambient temperature, 340~370 ppm) and treatment (elevated $CO_2$+elevated temperature, 690~770 ppm) conditions in a glass house. The period of flowering, fruit appearance and fruit maturing was earlier by 4, 1, 2 days, respectively, under elevated $CO_2$ and temperature. The comparative weight of a single ripe fruit, all ripe fruits and total ripe and unripe fruits was higher per control than treated plants. However the other characteristics, such as no. of peduncle, matured fruits, total fruits per plant and fruit setting rate per plant of B. latissimum were not significantly affected by elevated $CO_2$ and temperature. The germination rate of B. latissimum was higher in control than in treatment plants. These results showed that the phenology of B. latissimuin might be well suited to an earlier growing season, and the response of reproductive characteristics of B. latissimuin is negatively influenced by global warming.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahn, Y.H. and S.J. Lee. 2007. Ecological characteristics and distribution of Bupleurum latissimum in Ulleung island. Journal of Environmental Science 16(6): 751-761. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2007.16.6.751
  2. Aizen, M.A. 2003. Influences of animal pollination and seed dispersal on winter flowering in a temperature mistletoe. Ecology 84: 2613-2627. https://doi.org/10.1890/02-0521
  3. Andalo, C., B. Godelle, M. Lefranc, M. Mousseau and I. Till- Bottraud. 1996. Elevated $CO_2$ decreases seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Global Change Biology 2: 129-135.
  4. Baker, H.G. 1974. The evolution of weeds. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 5: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.000245
  5. Carter, D.R. and K.M. Peterson. 1983. Effects of a $CO_2$-enriched atmosphere on the growth and competitive interaction of a $C_3$ and a $C_4$ grass. Oecologia 58: 188-193. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399215
  6. Chapin, F.S., E.S. Zavleta, V.T. Eviner, R.S. Naylor, P.M. Vitousek, H.L. Reynolds, D.U. Hooper, S. Lavorel, O.E. Sala, S.E. Hobbie, M.C. Mack and S. Díaz. 2000. Consequences of Changing Biodiversity. Nature 405: 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1038/35012241
  7. Chmielewski, F.M., A. Muller and E. Bruns. 2004. Climatechanges and trends in phenology of fruit trees and field crops in Germany, 1961-2000. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 121: 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(03)00161-8
  8. Choi, H.J., M.Y. Kim and K. Heo. 2006. Anatomy of Bupleurum latissimum Nakai (Apiaceae), an endemic species of Korea. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science 14(6): 342-346.
  9. Dornbos, D.L. and R.E. Mullen. 1990. Influence of stress during soybean seed fill on seed weight, germination, and seedling growth rate. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71: 373-383
  10. Fenner, M. 1992. Environmental influences on seed size and composition. In: Horticultural Reviews 13 (Janick, J. eds.). John wiley & Sons Inc., Canada.
  11. Garbutt, K. and F.A. Bazzaz. 1984. The effects of elevated $CO_2$ on plants III Flower, fruit and seed production and abortion. New Phytologist 98: 433-446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04136.x
  12. Given, D.R. 1994. Principles and practice of plant conservation. Champman & Hall Book, London.
  13. Han, Y.S., H.R. Kim and Y.H. You. 2012. Effect of elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature on the ecological responses of Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae, an endangered hydrophyte. Korean Wetlands Society 14(2): 169- 180.
  14. Harper, J.L. 1977. Population biology of plant. Academic Press, London.
  15. Hendrix, S.D. 1984. Variation in seed weight and its effects on germination in Pastinaca sativa L. (Umbelliferae). America Journal of Botany 71(6): 795-802. https://doi.org/10.2307/2443470
  16. Ho, C.H., E.J. Lee, I. Lee and S.J. Jeong. 2006. Earlier spring in Seoul, Korea. International Journal of Climatology 26(14): 2117-2127. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1356
  17. Honisch, B., N.G. Hemming, D. Archer, M. Siddall and J.F. McManus. 2009. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration across the mid-pleistocene transition. Science 324(5934): 1551. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1171477
  18. Hong, B.H., B.H. Choi, K.H. Kang, J.K. Kim, S.H. Kim and T.K. Min. 2006. Spermology. Hyangmunsa Press, Seoul.
  19. Hong, Y.S. 2012. Effects of elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature on the phenology, growth response and reproductive ecology of Cicuta virosa, endangered plant in Korea. MS Thesis. Kongju National University. Korea.
  20. Idso, S.B., B.A. Kimball, M.G. Anderson and J.R. Mauney. 1987. Effects of atmospheric $CO_2$ enrichment on plant growth: the interactive role of air temperature. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 20: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(87)90023-5
  21. IPCC. 2007. Climate change 2007: Mitigation of climate change. Contribution working group III contribution to the fourth assessment report of the lntergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge university press, New York.
  22. Jeong, J.H., C.H. Ho, H.W. Linderholm, S.J. Jeong, D. Chen and Y.S. Choi. 2011. Impact of urban warming on earlier spring flowering in Korea. International Journal of Climatology 31(10): 1488-1497. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2178
  23. Jo, H.K. and T.W. Ahn. 2008. Differences in phenological phases of plants subsequent to microclimate change. Korea Journal of Environment and Ecology 22(3): 221- 229.
  24. Kim, H.J. 2007. In vitro propagation of Bupleurum latissimum Nakai. MS Thesis. Chonbuk National University. Korea.
  25. Kim, H.R. and Y.H. You. 2010a. Effects of Elevated $CO_2$ Concentration and Temperature on the Response of Seed Germination, Phenology and Leaf Morphology of Phytolacca insularis (Endemic species) and Phytolacca americana (Alien species). Korea Journal of Environment and Ecology 24(1): 62-68.
  26. Kim, H.R. 2010b. Effects of elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature on ecological responses of Phytolacca insularis and Phytolacca americana. MS Thesis. Kongju national university. Korea.
  27. Kim, H.R. and Y.H. You. 2010c. The effects of the elevated $CO_2$ concentration and increased temperature on growth, yield and physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Junam). Advances in Bioresearch 1(2): 1-5.
  28. Kim, M.Y. 2004. Korean endemic plants. Solkwahak Press, Seoul.
  29. Kim, M.Y., S.K. So, H.R. Park, E.K. Seo, H.J. Kwon and H.K. Song. 2006. Ecology of Bupleurum latissimum population. Journal of Korean Environmental Restoration and Revegetation Technology 9(6): 78-85.
  30. Kim, S.Y. and H.J. Kang. 2003. Effects of elevated atmospheric $CO_2$ on wetland plants: a review. Korean Journal of Limnological Society 36(4): 391-402.
  31. Kim, Y.S. and C.Y. Yoon. 1990. A taxonomic study on the genus Bupleurum in Korea. Korean Journal Plant Taxonomy 20: 209-242.
  32. Kimball, B.A., J.R. Mauney, F.S. Nakayama and S.B. Idso. 1993. Effects of increasing atmospheric $CO_2$ on vegetation. Vegetatio 104(105): 65-75.
  33. Korea Meteorological Administration. 2009. Climatological Phenomenon of Korea. Seoul, Korea.
  34. Korea Meteorological Administration. 2010. Report of Global Atmosphere Watch 2010. Seoul, Korea.
  35. Korea national long-term ecological research. 2005. Korea national long-term ecological research protocol. Korea National Long-Term Ecological Research press, Kongju.
  36. Lee, K.M. 2011. Comprehensive study on plant phenology and climate in South Korea. PhD thesis, Konkuk University. Korea.
  37. Lee, T.B. 2003. Coloured flora of Korea. Hyangmunsa Press, Seoul.
  38. Liu, L.H., L. Shi, B.V. Wyk and P.M. Tilney. 2003. Fruit anatomy of the genus Bupleurum (Apiaceae) in northeastern China and anotes on systematic implications. South African Journal of Botany 69: 151-157.
  39. Lobell, D.B. and G.P. Asner. 2003. Climate and management contributions to recent trends in US agricultural yields. Science 299: 1032. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1077838
  40. Mabberley, D.J. 1990. The plant-book. Cambridge University Press. Great Britain, London.
  41. Maschinski, J., J.E. Baggs, P.E. Quintana-Ascencio and E.S. Menges. 2006. Using population viability analysis to predict the effects of climate change on the extinction risk of an endangered limestone endemic shrub, Arizona cliffrose. Conservation Biology 20: 218-228 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00272.x
  42. Ministry of environment. 2012. 2012 White paper of environment. Ministry of Environment Press, Inchon.
  43. Neves, S.S. and M.F. Watson. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships in Bupleurum (Apiaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence data. Annals of Botany 93: 379- 398. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mch052
  44. Nho, H.J. and H.Y. Jeong. 2002. Understanding of statical analysis by STATISTICA. Hyungseul Press, Seoul.
  45. Nord, E.A. and J.P. Lynch. 2009. Plant phenology : a critical controller of soil resource acquisition. Journal of Experimental Botany 60(7): 1927-1937. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp018
  46. Nordli, O., F.E. wielgolaski, A.K. Bakken, S.H. Hjeltnes, F. Mage, A. Sivle and O. Skre. 2008. Regional trends for bud burst and flowering of woody plants in Norway as related to climate change. International Journal of Biometeorology 52: 625-639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-008-0156-5
  47. Purohit, A.N. and E.B. Tregunna. 1974. Effects of carbon dioxide on Pharbitis, Xanthium, and Silene in short days. Canadian Journal of Botany 52: 1283-1291. https://doi.org/10.1139/b74-166
  48. Shin, D.H., H.R. Kim and Y.H. You. 2012. Effects of elevated $CO_2$ concentration and increased temperature on the change of the phenological and reproductive characteristics of Phytolocca insularis, a Korea endemic plant. Korean Wetlands Society 14(1): 1-9.
  49. Shin, J.H. and Y.H. You. 2011. Effects of seed size on the rate of germination, early growth and winter survival in four oaks species. Korean Journal of Environmental Biology 29(4): 274-279.
  50. So, S.K., H.R. Park, E.K. Seo, K.S. Han, M.Y. Kim and K.R. Park. 2008b. Numerical taxonomic analyses of Bupleurum latissimum (Apiaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 38(1): 31-42.
  51. So, S.K., K.S. Han, M.Y. Kim, H.R. Park, E.K. Seo, Y.P. Kim and T.H. Kim. 2008a. Pollination mechanism of Bupleurum latissimum (Apiaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 38(1): 43-50.
  52. Thomas, C.D., A. Cameron, R.E. Green, M. Bakkenes, L.J. Beaumont, Y.C. Collingham, B.F.N. Erasmus, M.F. Siqueira, A. Grainger, L. Hannah, L. Hughes, B. Huntley, A.S. Jaarsveld, G.F. Midgley, L. Miles, M.A. Ortega- Huerta, A.T. Peterson, O.L. Phillips and S.E. Williams. 2004. Extinction risk from climate change. Nature 427: 145-148. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02121
  53. Thurig, B., C. Korner and J. Stöcklin. 2003. Seed production and seed quality in a calcareous grassland in elevated $CO_2$. Global Change Biology 9: 873-884.
  54. Usuda, H. and K. Shimogawara. 1998. The effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on growth, carbohydrates, and photosynthesis in radish, Raphanus sativus. Plant and Cell Physiology 39: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029280
  55. Werner, P.A. and W.J. Platt. 1976. Ecological relationship of co-occurring goldenrods (Solidago : Compositae). American Naturalist 110: 959-971. https://doi.org/10.1086/283120