Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Status of Antepartum Depression and Its Influencing Factors in Pregnant Women

임신 여성의 산전우울 실태 및 영향요인

  • Received : 2013.07.08
  • Accepted : 2013.08.07
  • Published : 2013.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the rate and influencing factors on antepartum depression in pregnant women. A self-administered questionnaire-based study was performed in 160 pregnant women who visited outpatient clinics or attended special lectures of the general hospital in D metropolitan city. All participants were interviewed using the Korean version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. On the results, the mean score of antepartum depression was $7.80{\pm}4.86$ scores(0-30 scores). The percentage of all participants for EPDS scale were 56.3% with normal level, 20.6% with a boundary line and 23.1% with serious level. Influencing factors on antepartum depression were accounted for 36.7% of the total variance which consisted of perceived health status, pregnancy stress and self esteem. The results indicate that these variables should be considered in preventing depression of pregnant women.

본 연구의 목적은 임신 여성을 대상으로 산전우울의 발생 정도와 이와 관련된 영향요인을 파악하기 위함이다. D광역시 소재 종합병원 및 산부인과 병원 외래를 방문하거나 원내 특강을 받는 160명의 임부를 연구대상으로 하였으며, 우울을 측정하기 위한 도구로 한국형 EPDS(Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale)를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 서술적 통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients와 stepwise multiple regression을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 임신 여성의 우울점수는 평균 $7.80{\pm}4.86$점(0-30점)이었으며, 대상자의 56.3%가 정상(0-8점), 23.1%가 경계선(9-12점), 20.6%는 심각한 수준(13점 이상)인 것으로 나타났다. 임신 여성의 산전우울 영향요인으로는 주관적 건강상태, 임부스트레스, 자아존중감 순이었으며, 이 변수들은 산전우울을 36.7% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 산전우울을 예방하기 위해 이러한 변수들이 충분히 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. J. Lee, O. K. Hyun, and J. H. Rha, "Longitudinal study on the changes of mothers' stress and cortisol from pregnancy to postpartum period", Korean J Community Living Science, 17(3), 109-121, 2006.
  2. M. K. Kwon, "Antenatal Depression and Mother-Fetal Interaction", J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs, 13(4), 416-426, 2007.
  3. H. W. Kim and Y. Y. Jung, "Effects of Antenatal Depression and Antenatal Characteristics of Pregnant Women on Birth Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study", J Korean Acad Nurs, 42(4), 477-485, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.4.477
  4. O. Chatillon, & C. Even, C. "Antepartum depression: Prevalence, Diagnosis and treatment", Encephale, 36(6), 443-451, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2010.02.004
  5. American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Screening for Depression During and After Pregnancy [Internet], [cited 2010 Feb] Available From: http://www.acog.org. (accessed May, 10, 2013)
  6. H. J. Cho, et al., "A Study of Predicting Postpartum Depression and the Recovery Factor from Prepartum Depression", The Korean Society of perinatology, 15(3), 245-254, 2004.
  7. J. L. Melville, A. Gavin, Y. Guo, M. Y. Fan, & W. J. Katon, "Depressive Disorders During Pregnancy: Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Large Urban Sample", Obstet Gynecol, 116(5), 1064-1070, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181f60b0a
  8. R. Kelly, D. Zatzick, & T. Anders, "The detection and treatment of psychiatric disorders and substance use among pregnant women cared for in obstetrics", American Journal Psychiatry, 158, 213-219, 2001. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.213
  9. O. Vesga-Lopez, C. Blanco, K. Keyes, M. Olfson, B. F. Grant, & D. S. Hasin, "Psychiatric disorders in pregnant and postpartum women in the United States", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 65, 805-815, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.7.805
  10. B. N. Gaynes, et al., "Perinatal depression: prevalence, screening accuracy, and screening outcomes", Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ), 119, 1-8, 2005.
  11. Korean Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Health & Welfare. "The survey on the actual conditions of delivery room and delivery of high-risk pregnancy", p1, 2012.
  12. University Management center for health promotion. "The study for policy plan on the actual depressed condition of perinatal and the decrease of incident rate", p33-37, 2010.
  13. Ministry of Health & Welfare. "Maternal and Child Health Policy 2013", p5, 2012.
  14. S. K. Choi, S. Y. Ahn, J. C. Shin, and D. G. Jang, "A clinical study of depressive symptoms during pregnancy", Korean Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 52(11), 1102-1107, 2009.
  15. H. W. Kim and Y. Y. Jung, "Influencing Factors on Antenatal Depression", Korean J Women Health Nurs, 16(2), 95-104, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2010.16.2.95
  16. W. Hwee and S. Y. Park, "The Relationships between Anxiety, Depression, Prenatal Stress, Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Gratitude", J Korean Soc Matern Child Health, 16(2), 274-286, 2012. https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2012.16.2.274
  17. H. J. Cho, J. H. Kwon, "A test of the Attachment Model of Prepartum Depression", The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21, 727-744, 2002.
  18. M. E. Lee and Y. R. Kweon, "Psycho-social Factors Associated with Depression in Pregnant Women", J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 20(3), 252-260, 2011. https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2011.20.3.252
  19. E. S. Kim, S. Y. Rhu, "The Relationship between Depression and Sociopsychological Factors in Pregnant Women", J Korean Soc Matern Child Helath, 12(2), 228-241, 2008. https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2008.12.2.228
  20. C. A. Lancaster, K. J. Gold, H. A. Flynn, H. Yoo, S. M. Marcus, & M. M. Davis, "Risk factors for depressive symptoms during pregnancy: a systematic review", American Journal Obstetric Gynecology. 202(1), 5-14, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.007
  21. J. E. Song, "Influencing Factors of Postpartum Depression between 4 to 6 Weeks after Childbirth in the Postpartum Women", Korean J Women Health Nurs, 15(3), 216-223, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2009.15.3.216
  22. S. J. Jun, H. K. Kim, S. M. Lee, and S. A. Kim, "Factors Influencing Middle-aged Women's Depression", The J of Korean Community Nursing, 15(2), 266-272, 2004.
  23. J. S. Kim, H. S. Hong, and Y. K. Na, "A study of Fatigue, Depression and Sleep Disorders in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease", J Korean Biol Nurs Sci, 14(1), 1-7, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2012.14.1.1
  24. K. S. Lee, J. S. Kang, I. S. Kwon, and Y. C. Cho, "Influence of Sleep Quality, Occupational Stress and Fatigue on Depression Among Small-scale Manufacturing Male Workers", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 12(5), 2230-2240, 2011. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.5.2230
  25. B. Harris, P. Huckle, R. Thomas, S. Johns, & H. Fung, "The use of rating scales to identify post-natal depression", Br J Psychiatry, 154, 813-7, 1989. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.6.813
  26. J. Cohen, "Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.)" Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1988
  27. J. L. Cox, J. M. Holden, & R. Sagovsky, "Detection of postnatal Depresson: Development of the 10 item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale", British Journal fo psychiatry, 150(JUNE), 782-786, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.782
  28. K. W. Han, M. J. Kim, and J. M. Park, "The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Korean Version : Reliability and Validity", J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry, 10(2), 201-207, 2004.
  29. G. Breedlove, & D. Fryzelka, "Depression Screening During Pregnancy", J Midwifery Womens Health, 56(1), 18-25, 2010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-2011.2010.00002.x
  30. M. Rosenberg, "Society and the adolescent self image" Princeton, NJ; Princeton University Press, 1965.
  31. B. J. Jeon, "Self-esteem: A test of its measurability", Yonsei Form, 11, 107-129, 1974.
  32. H. R. Ahn, "An experimental study of the effects of Husband's supportive behavior reinforcement education on stress relief of primigravidas", J Korean Acad Nurs, 15(1), 5-16, 1985.
  33. Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. HIRA trend of policy. [Internet]. [cited 2012 May 1], Available From: http://www.hira. or.kr. (accessed June, 25, 2013)
  34. H. S. Jung, "The Effect of psychoanalytically informed music therapy on social avoidance & distress, depression, somatization, and the growth index of domestic violence women victims", [master thesis], Seoul: MyongGii University, 2006.
  35. E. H. Moon, J. Y. Kim, M. K. Jung, H. M. Son, and J. A. Oh, "Anxiety-depression and Maternal Fetal Attachment Behaviors of Pregnant Women with Preterm Labor and Normal Pregnant Women", Korean parent-child health journal, 9(2), 128-139, 2006.
  36. K. W. Kim and E. H. Lee, "Womans experience of Risk Situation on the High-Risk Pregnancy", Korean J Women Health Nurs, 4(1), 161-178, 1989.
  37. K. S. Bang, "Infants' Temperament and Health Problems according to Maternal Postpartum Depression", Journal of Korean academy of nursing, 41(4), 444-450, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2011.41.4.444
  38. J. H. Youn, and I. S. Jeong, "Predictors of Postpartum Depression : Prospective cohort study", J Korean Acad Nurs, 43(2), 225-235, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2013.43.2.225
  39. E. J. Cho, "Subjective sleep quality in depressed and non-depressed mothers during the late postpartum period", Korean J Women Health Nurs, 15(2), 108-120, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2009.15.2.108
  40. Ministry of Health & Welfare, Postpartum depression [Internet]. [cited 2010 Mar 8], Available From: http://health.mw.go.kr. (accessed June, 12, 2013)
  41. M. R. Choi and I. H. Lee, "The Moderating and Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Stress and Depression", The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22(2), 363-383, 2003.
  42. J. Y. Bae, "Construction of a Postpartum Depression Model", J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 11(4), 572-587, 2002.

Cited by

  1. Status and Influencing factors of health behavior in pregnant women in Yanbian area vol.16, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.11.7863
  2. Factors Influencing Maternal-Fetal attachment among Pregnant Women vol.16, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.3.2020
  3. Survey of Maternity wear Purchasing Status in Pregnant Women vol.18, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2016.18.4.489
  4. The Psychometric Validation of the EPDS-K Among Korean Women: Does It Only Measure Depressive Symptoms? pp.00315990, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12207