Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection Induces $CD4^+$ T Cell Activation via Human Dendritic Cell Activity

  • Chu, Hyuk (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Park, Sung-Moo (Animal Science and Biotechnology Major and WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University) ;
  • Cheon, In Su (Animal Science and Biotechnology Major and WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Mi-Yeoun (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Shim, Byoung-Shik (Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute) ;
  • Gil, Byoung-Cheol (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Jeung, Woon Hee (Animal Science and Biotechnology Major and WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hwang, Kyu-Jam (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Song, Ki-Duk (Animal Science and Biotechnology Major and WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hong, Kee-Jong (Division of High-Risk Pathogen Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Song, Manki (Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute) ;
  • Jeong, Hang-Jin (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health) ;
  • Han, Seung Hyun (Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yun, Cheol-Heui (Animal Science and Biotechnology Major and WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2013.03.07
  • Accepted : 2013.04.26
  • Published : 2013.08.28
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Abstract

Orientia tsutsugamushi, a gram-negative bacterium, causes severe acute febrile illness in humans. Despite this danger, the route of infection, infectivity, and protective mechanisms of the host's immune response to O. tsutsugamushi are unclear. Dendritic cells (DCs) are one of the most important cell types in bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we observed that O. tsutsugamushi infects and replicates in monocyte-derived DCs (MODCs). During infection and replication, the expressions of the cytokines IL-12 and TNF-${\alpha}$, as well as the co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD83, CD86, and CD40, were increased in MODCs. When O. tsutsugamushi-treated MODCs were co-cultured with autologous $CD4^+$ T cells, they enhanced production of IFN-${\gamma}$, a major Th1 cytokine. Collectively, our results show that O. tsutsugamushi can replicate in MODCs and can simultaneously induce MODC maturation and increase proinflammatory cytokine levels in MODCs that subsequently activate $CD4^+$ T cells.

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References

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