Weed & Turfgrass Science

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
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Change of Vegetation Characteristics and Soil Chemical Properties at Saemangeum Reclaimed Land in Korea

새만금 신간척지 식생과 토양화학성의 변화

  • 김선 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 정재혁 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이장희 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 최원영 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이경보 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 임일빈 (바이오식물환경연구소)
  • Received : 2013.08.19
  • Accepted : 2013.09.06
  • Published : 2013.09.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate changes of vegetation and soil characteristics to tidal land of Saemangeum reclaimed land from 2010 to 2012. Soil salinity was 0.16-22.3 dS $m^{-1}$ in the first survey, while the three years later, it was decreased to 0.12-4.22 dS $m^{-1}$. Vegetations were classified as 6 families and 26 species but it was increased to 8 families and 31 species after three years. Numbers of average species in survey site were increased from 7.1 species to 10.6 species. Numbers of vegetation were increased at each survey sites except for survey site 7 : there was decreased halophyte according to decrease in the soil salinity. Biomass production was increased at low production site, and showed highest production in area of dominant vegetation as Phragmites communis. Simpson's dominance ratio(SDR) of main vegetation as Phragmites communis, Calamagrostis epigeios were increased but Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, Puccinellia nipponica and Zoysia sinica were decreased.

본 시험은 간척 후 나타나는 식생과 토양의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 2008년 체절 된 새만금 간척지에서 식생의 발생이 시작된 2010부터 2012년 사이에 식생과 기반 토양의 특성을 조사한 결과이다. 조사위치별 토양염농도는 첫 조사시 담수호 인근에서 22.3 dS $m^{-1}$이었고 안쪽 내륙 인접부는 3.44 dS $m^{-1}$ 이하였으나 3년 후에는 전체가 4.22 dS $m^{-1}$ 이하로 낮아졌다. 토양유기물함량은 3년차 조사에서 약간씩 증가하는 경향이었고, 위치에 따른 유기물함량은 육지쪽에 인접하고 갈대 등의 식생발생량이 많았던 지점에서 높았으며, 토양 pH는 전체적으로 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. 식생군락의 변화 중 식생종수는 조사 첫해 지점당 평균 7.1종 $m^{-2}$ 이었으나 3년 후에는 10.6종 $m^{-2}$으로 증가하였고, 식생종수는 염생식물과 내염성식물이 혼생된 중간정도의 염농도를 나타낸 군락에서 많았다. 식생 수는 대부분의 조사지점에서 증가하였고, 조사지점별로는 해홍나물이 밀생한 solt pan(솔트팬) 특성을 나타내고 있는 지점에서 많았고, 식생유입 초기인 해수면 인근과 갈대 및 갈대와 자귀풀의 우점도가 높은 군락에서 적었다. 군락 건물중은 첫 조사시 식생량이 적었던 해변쪽에서 증가하였고, 갈대의 우점도가 높았을 때 최대치를 나타냈다. 주요식생의 우점도는 토양염농도 감소의 영향을 받아 해홍나물, 퉁퉁마디, 갯꾸러미풀, 잔디는 크게 감소하였고 산조풀과 갈대는 증가하였다.

Keywords

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