Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Predicting of tall building response to non-stationary winds using multiple wind speed samples

  • Huang, Guoqing (Research Center for Wind Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Chen, Xinzhong (Wind Science and Engineering Research Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas Tech University) ;
  • Liao, Haili (Research Center for Wind Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Li, Mingshui (Research Center for Wind Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University)
  • Received : 2012.04.03
  • Accepted : 2012.12.03
  • Published : 2013.08.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Non-stationary extreme winds such as thunderstorm downbursts are responsible for many structural damages. This research presents a time domain approach for estimating along-wind load effects on tall buildings using multiple wind speed time history samples, which are simulated from evolutionary power spectra density (EPSD) functions of non-stationary wind fluctuations using the method developed by the authors' earlier research. The influence of transient wind loads on various responses including time-varying mean, root-mean-square value and peak factor is also studied. Furthermore, a simplified model is proposed to describe the non-stationary wind fluctuation as a uniformly modulated process with a modulation function following the time-varying mean. Finally, the probabilistic extreme response and peak factor are quantified based on the up-crossing theory of non-stationary process. As compared to the time domain response analysis using limited samples of wind record, usually one sample, the analysis using multiple samples presented in this study will provide more statistical information of responses. The time domain simulation also facilitates consideration of nonlinearities of structural and wind load characteristics over previous frequency domain analysis.

Keywords

References

  1. Chay, M.T., Albermani, F. and Wilson, R. (2006), "Numerical and analytical simulation of downburst wind loads", Eng. Struct., 28(2), 240-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.07.007
  2. Chen, L. and Letchford, C.W. (2004a), "Parametric study on the alongwind response of the CAARC building to downbursts in the time domain", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92(9), 703-724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2004.03.001
  3. Chen, L. and Letchford, C.W. (2004b), "A deterministic-stochastic hybrid model of downbursts and its impact on a cantilevered structure", Eng. Struct., 26, 619-629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2003.12.009
  4. Chen, L. (2005), Vector time-varying autoregressive (TVAR) models and their application to downburst wind speeds, Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas Tech University.
  5. Chen, L. and Letchford, C.W. (2007), "Numerical simulation of extreme winds from thunderstorm downbursts", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95, 977-990 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.021
  6. Chen, X. (2008), "Analysis of alongwind tall building response to transient nonstationary winds", J. Struct. Eng., 134(5), 782-791 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:5(782)
  7. Chen, X., Matsumoto, M. and Kareem, A. (2000), "Time domain flutter and buffeting response analysis of bridges", J. Eng. Mech.- ASCE, 126(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2000)126:1(7)
  8. Choi, E.C.C. (2004), "Field measurement and experimental study of wind speed profile during thunderstorms", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92, 275-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2003.12.001
  9. Conte, J.P. and Peng, B.F. (1997), "Fully nonstationary analytical earthquake ground-motion model", J. Eng. Mech.- ASCE, 123(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1997)123:1(15)
  10. Daubechies, I. (1992), Ten lectures on wavelets, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA.
  11. Davenport, A.G. (1964), "Note on the distribution of the largest value of a random function with application to gust loading", P. I. Civil Eng., 28, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1964.10112
  12. Deodatis, G. (1996a), "Simulation of ergodic multivariate stochastic processes", J. Eng. Mech.- ASCE, 122(8), 778-787. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:8(778)
  13. Deodatis G. (1996b), "Non-stationary stochastic vector processes: seismic ground motion applications", Probabilist. Eng. Mech., 11, 149-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-8920(96)00007-0
  14. Fujita, T.T. (1985), Report of Projects NIMROD and JAWS, University of Chicago.
  15. Fujita, T.T. (1990), "Downbursts: meteorological features and wind field characteristics", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 36, 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(90)90294-M
  16. Gast, K.D. and Schroeder, J.L. (2003), "Supercell rear-flank downdraft as sampled in the 2002 thunderstorm outflow experiment", Proceedings of the 11th Int. Conf. on Wind Eng., Lubbock ,TX.
  17. Holmes, J.D. (1999), "Modeling of extreme thunderstorm winds for wind loading of structures and risk assessment", Wind engineering into the 21st century, Proceedings of the 10th Int. Conf. on Wind Eng., (Eds., Copenhagen, A. Larsen, G.L. Larose, and F.M. Livesey), Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  18. Holmes, J.D. (2007), Wind loading of structures, 2nd Ed, Taylor and Francis, London.
  19. Holmes, J.D, Forristall, G. and McConochie, J. (2005), "Dynamic response of structures to thunderstorm winds", Proceedings of the 10th Americas Conf. on Wind Eng. (10ACWE) (CD-ROM), Baton Rouge, La..
  20. Holmes, J.D. and Oliver, S.E. (2000), "An empirical model of a downburst", Eng. Struct., 22, 1167-1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(99)00058-9
  21. Huang, G. and Chen, X. (2009), "Wavelets-based estimation of multivariate evolutionary spectra and its application to nonstationary downburst winds", Eng. Struct., 31(4), 976-989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.12.010
  22. Kim J. and Hangan H. (2007), "Numerical simulations of impinging jets with application to downbursts", J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95(4), 279-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.07.002
  23. Kwon, D. and Kareem, A. (2009), "Gust-front factor: new framework for wind load effects on structures", J. Eng. Struct., 135(6), 717-732. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:6(717)
  24. Letchford, C.W. and Chay, M.T. (2002), "Pressure distributions on a cube in a simulated thunderstorm downburst, Part B: moving downburst observations", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90, 733-753. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00163-0
  25. Letchford, C.W., Mans, C. and Chay, M.T. (2001), "Thunderstorms-their importance in wind engineering , a case for the next generation wind tunnel", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89, 31-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00022-2
  26. Li, C., Li, Q., Xiao, Y. and Ou, J. (2012), "A revised empirical model and CFD simulations for 3D axisymmetric steady-state flows of downbursts and impinging jets", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 102, 48-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.12.004
  27. Lutes, L. D. and Sarkani, S. (2004), Random vibration: analysis of structural and mechanical systems. Elsevier, NY.
  28. Mason, M. S., Wood, G.S. and Fletcher, D.F. (2009), "Numerical simulation of downburst winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 97(11-12), 523-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2009.07.010
  29. Oseguera, R.M. and Bowles, R.L. (1998), A simple analytic 3-dimentional downburst model based on boundary layer stagnation flow, NASA Technical Memorandum No. 100632.
  30. Priestley, M.B. (1981), Spectral analysis and time series, Academic, NY.
  31. Sengupta, A. and Sarkar, P.P. (2008), "Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of an impinging jet with application to thunderstorm microburst winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96(3), 345-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.09.001
  32. Solomos, G.P. and Spanos, P.D. (1984), "Oscillator response to nonstationary excitation", J. Appl. Mech., 51(4), 907-912. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3167745
  33. Spanos, P.D. and Failla, G. (2004), "Evolutionary spectra estimation using wavelets", J. Eng. Mech.- ASCE, 130(8), 952-960. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:8(952)
  34. Twisdale, L.A. and Vickery, P.J. (1992), "Research on thunderstorm wind design parameters", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 41(1-3), 545-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90461-I
  35. Wood, G.S., Kwok, K.C.S., Motteram, N.A. and Fletcher, D.F. (2001), "Physical and numerical modeling of thunderstorm downbursts", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89(6), 535-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00090-8
  36. Vicroy, D.D. (1992), "Assessment of microburst models for downdraft estimation", J. Aircraft, 29(6), 1043-1048. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.46282
  37. Xu, Y.L. and Chen, J. (2004), "Characterizing nonstationary wind speed using empirical decomposition", J. Struct. Eng.- ASCE, 130(6), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:6(912)

Cited by

  1. Time-Frequency Analysis of Nonstationary Process Based on Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition vol.142, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000975
  2. Thunderstorm response spectrum: Fundamentals and case study vol.143, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.04.009
  3. Thunderstorm response spectrum technique: Theory and applications vol.108, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.012
  4. Derivation of time-varying mean for non-stationary downburst winds vol.141, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.02.008
  5. Hybrid simulation of thunderstorm outflows and wind-excited response of structures vol.52, pp.13, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-017-0718-x
  6. An efficient simulation approach for multivariate nonstationary process: Hybrid of wavelet and spectral representation method vol.37, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2014.06.001
  7. Spectrum Models for Nonstationary Extreme Winds vol.141, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001257
  8. Application of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition in Fast Fourier Transform—Assisted Multivariate Nonstationary Process Simulation vol.141, pp.7, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000923
  9. Computer-based model for the transient dynamics of a tall building during digitally simulated Andrews AFB thunderstorm vol.193, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2017.07.019
  10. Wind power spectra for coastal area of East Jiangsu Province based on SHMS vol.22, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.2.235
  11. Estimation of Nonstationary Crosswind Response of Tall Buildings with Nonlinear Aeroelastic Effect vol.144, pp.7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0001474
  12. Evolutionary Spectra-Based Time-Varying Coherence Function and Application in Structural Response Analysis to Downburst Winds vol.144, pp.7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002066
  13. Characterizing Nonstationary Wind Speed Using the ARMA-GARCH Model vol.145, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002211
  14. Changing Bridge Aerodynamics under Nonstationary Winds vol.29, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/10168664.2018.1511770
  15. Directional response of structures to thunderstorm outflows vol.54, pp.9, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-019-00986-5
  16. Thunderstorm Downbursts and Wind Loading of Structures: Progress and Prospect vol.6, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2020.00063
  17. A comparative study of the wind characteristics of three typhoons based on stationary and nonstationary models vol.101, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-03894-0
  18. Comparative analysis of the wind characteristics of three landfall typhoons based on stationary and nonstationary wind models vol.31, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.3.269
  19. Non-stationary dynamic structural response to thunderstorm outflows vol.62, pp.None, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.probengmech.2020.103103
  20. Knowledge-Enhanced Deep Learning for Wind-Induced Nonlinear Structural Dynamic Analysis vol.146, pp.11, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002802
  21. Efficient buffeting analysis under non-stationary winds and application to a mountain bridge vol.32, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2021.32.2.89
  22. Inelastic Response of Base-Isolated Tall Buildings under Nonstationary Winds: Response History Analysis and Statistical Linearization Approach vol.147, pp.10, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001983
  23. Extracting Time-Varying Mean Component of Non-Stationary Winds Utilizing Vondrak Filter and Genetic Algorithm: A Wind Engineering Perspective vol.21, pp.11, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219455421501558