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Anti-inflammation Activities of Cultured Products from Suspension Culture of Aloe vera Callus

Aloe vera Callus 현탁배양 생성물의 항염증 활성

  • Kim, Myung Uk (Gyeongbuk Institute for Marine Bioindustry) ;
  • Cho, Young Je (School of Food Science & Biotechnology / Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Shin Young (Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2013.04.17
  • Accepted : 2013.05.16
  • Published : 2013.09.30

Abstract

Cultured products (callus and exopolysaccharide) were obtained from suspension culture of Aloe vera callus, and the extracts of callus were further prepared with cold water or 60% ethanol solution. The ethanol extract of callus (AC) and exopolysaccharide (ACP) of 10 mg/mL exhibited the relatively higher suppression activity of 43.2-52.1% against hyaluronidase activity. Thus, their anti-inflammatory effects were further investigated using animal cell (Raw 264.7) in vitro. Though AC shows a slight suppression effect of cell survival rate (97%) using MTT assay in the presence of $400{\mu}g/mL$ AC- dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cell growth promotion was observed in the other samples of lower levels. It indicates that the ethanol extract of Aloe callus rarely affect cell survival rate in the ranges ($200-400{\mu}g/mL$) used in the study. Using Griess reagent, the suppression of NO production by the aloe callus extract was analyzed by measuring the amount of the nitrite produced in Raw 264.7 culture activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). As a result, supplementation of AC-distilled water (DW) and AC-DMSO produced higher levels of NO than the positive control LPS. However, the NO suppression effect by ACP-DW was so intense that lower amount ($80-100{\mu}g/mL$) suppressed NO production to the level of the control. The effect was attributed to the expression of the iNOS. Then, Raw 264.7 cells were stimulated with the LPS and expression of COX-2 protein level was analyzed depending on the Aloe suspension culture product treatment. The results showed that the ACP-DW supplemented medium did not express COX-2 by itself, and LPS stimulated COX-2 expression was slightly decreased. On the other hand, realtime-PCR analysis of the expression of inflammatory cytokine showed that IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ expression was highly suppressed in the ACP- distilled water supplemented medium.

알로에의 유효성분인 다당의 효율적 생산연구일환으로 수행되었던 aloe callus의 현탁배양과 관련하여, 본 연구에서는 이의 배양생성물(세포외 다당)과 callus의 용매추출물에 대한 항염증 활성을 조사하였다. 세포외 다당(ACP)과 callus (AC)의 물 및 에탄올 추출물의 대식세포(Raw 264.7) 세포생존율을 MTT assay로 조사한 결과, AC-DMSO의 $400{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가구에서 97%로 미미한 증식저해를 보였으나 나머지 시료처리구는 모두 증식 촉진효과를 나타내었다. 또, LPS에 의해 활성화된 Raw 264.7 세포 배양액의 알로에 추출물 처리에 따른 NO 생성 저해효과를 조사한 결과, AC-DW와 AC-DMSO는 오히려 양성대 조구인 LPS 단독보다 더 많은 NO를 생성하였다. 특히, 세포외 다당 분획인 ACP-DW는 NO 생성을 강력히 억제하여 $80-100{\mu}g/mL$의 비교적 낮은 농도의 첨가로 대조구 수준까지 억제하였다. 또, Raw 264.7 세포에 LPS로 자극을 주고 알로에 현탁 배양 생성물의 처리에 따른 COX-2단백질의 발현정도를 조사한 결과, ACP-DW 처리구는 단독으로 COX-2 단백질을 발현시키지 않았으며, LPS 자극에 따른 COX-2의 발현감소는 미미하였다. 아울러, 활성화된 대식세포로부터 생성된 염증 사이토카인인 IL-$1{\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현량을 RT-PCR로 조사한 결과, ACPDW 처리구에서 TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현이 강력하게 억제되었다. 이상의 결과들은 알로에 현탁배양 유래의 생성물들이 비교적 우수한 항염증활성을 나타냄을 보여주는 결과로, 그동안 삽목번식의 재배방법에 의존하였던 알로에 유효성분의 생산을 대체할 수 있는 효율적이고, 새로운 방법으로서의 알로에 callus의 현탁배양 가능성을 보여주었다.

Keywords

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