Child Health Nursing Research

Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing (한국아동간호학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Early Childhood Caring Experience of North Korean Refugee Mothers

북한이탈 어머니의 영유아 자녀 양육 경험

  • Received : 2013.01.07
  • Accepted : 2013.02.06
  • Published : 2013.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study was done to develop a theory on the early childhood caring experience of North Korean refugee mothers and how such caring affects how they deal with the socio-psychological problems they face as North Korean refugees. Methods: Data were gathered by indepth interviews, participant observation, and medical records, and were analyzed using the Grounded Theory methods of Strauss and Corbin (1998). Results: From open coding 62 concepts, 23 subcategories and 11 categories were derived, and the North Korean refugee mothers' caring experience was revealed to be 'hopeful upbringing'. A central theme common to the participants was 'coexistence of expectations and worries'. Conclusion: The results of this study provide theoretical grounds to understand North Korean refugee mothers' child care experiences and offer personalized nursing and a deeper understanding of their needs by looking at their experience. Findings may also be useful to help nurses who care for North Korean refugee mother-child dyads in the community and in clinical settings to gain insight on this special needs group, and facilitate the development of interventions based on better understanding of the mothers' experiences.

목적 본 연구의 목적은 북한이탈 어머니의 영유아 자녀 양육 경험이 무엇인지 그 경험 과정을 확인하고, 양육과정을 통해 심리사회적 문제를 어떻게 해결하는가에 대한 실체이론을 개발하는 것이다. 방법 연구참여자는 이론적 표본추출을 통하여 선정하였고 연구 자료는 심층면담과 참여관찰 및 참여자의 의무기록 등을 사용하여 수집한 후 Strauss와 Corbin (1998)의 근거이론방법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 결과 연구 결과 개방코딩 과정에서 62개의 개념과 23개의 하위범주, 11개의 범주가 도출되었으며 북한이탈 어머니의 영유아 자녀 양육 과정의 핵심범주는 '희망을 가지고 키워가기'로 밝혀졌다. 시간 흐름에 따른 양육 과정은 '양육 환경 변화 인식기', '양육 방법 조정기', '자신감 형성기'의 3단계로 나타났으며 양육 과정의 유형은 기대하기형, 지켜보기형, 걱정하기형의 세 가지 유형으로 구분되었다. 결론 본 연구의 결과는 영유아 자녀를 돌보는 북한이탈 어머니들의 양육경험을 이해하고 개별적인 간호를 제공하는데 기초가 될 이론적 기틀로 활용할 수 있을 것이며 북한이탈주민이 급증하고 이에 따라 동반 입국하는 아동의 수도 함께 증가하고 있는 현 시점에서 이 아동들의 건강 유지 및 증진을 위한 간호 실무에 매우 중요한 초석이 될 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bang, K. (2007). Comparison of maternal health related characteristics, child rearing burden, and social support in mothers of preschoolers: According to socioeconomic status. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing, 13(4), 390-398.
  2. Bayer, J. K., Ukoumunne, O. C., Lucas, N., Wake, M., Scalzo, K., & Nicholson, J. M. (2011). Risk factors for childhood mental health symptoms: National longitudinal study of australian children. Pediatrics, 128(4), e865-e879. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0491
  3. Belsky, J., & de Haan, M. (2011). Annual research review: Parenting and children's brain development: The end of the beginning. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(4), 409-428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02281.x
  4. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  5. Chung, E. K. (2009). The meaning of parental experience by parents who have less than 36-month-old children. The journal of Korea Early Childhood Education, 16(3), 87-108.
  6. Chung, J. S. (2007). Recognition of North Korean refugee. Seoul: Korean Studies Information.
  7. Chung, J. S. (2011). Recognition of North Korean refugee II. Daejeon: Prima Books.
  8. Chung, J. S., Gil, E. B., Kim, I. S., Kim, J. S., & Choi, J. J. (2009). Modern understanding of North Korean defectors. Daejeon: Prima Books.
  9. Eom, T. W. (2009a). A phenomenological approach to traumatic experiences among North Korean defectors. Korean Journal of Social Welfare, 61(2), 189-213. https://doi.org/10.20970/kasw.2009.61.2.008
  10. Eom, T. W. (2009b). Positive force of north korean defectors at psychosocial crisis: A qualitative study. Mental Health & Social Work, 32, 215-247.
  11. Eom, T. W. (2010). Traumatic experiences of North Korean refugees. Changwon: Kyungnam University Press.
  12. Hwang, N. M. (2008). Future directions of maternal and child health policy for healthy start in life. Health and Welfare Policy Forum, 141, 5-19.
  13. Jeon, W. T. (2000). For the South and North Korea people's unification. Seoul: Oruem publishing company.
  14. Kang, H. (2009). A study on North Korean mothers' parenting of their elementary school children in South Korea. The Journal of Korean Education, 36(2), 93-112.
  15. Katz, K. S., Jarrett, M. H., El-Mohandes, A. A., Schneider, S., McNeely-Johnson, D., & Kiely, M. (2011). Effectiveness of a combined home visiting and group intervention for low income african american mothers: The pride in parenting program. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 15(S1), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0858-x
  16. Kim, M. (2010). A study on North Korean female defectors' traumatic experience. Korean Journal of Clinical Social Work, 7(1), 1-18.
  17. Kim, M. J., & Chung, K. S. (2007). Parenting of young children by North Korean parents in South Korea: A qualitative study. Korean Association of Child Studies, 28(1), 71-94.
  18. Kwon, Y. I. (2011). A study on how a mother's parenting behaviors is affected by her childhood experience. The Journal of Child Education, 20(2), 85-96.
  19. Lee, J. H., Ha, Y. S., Kim, I. O., Kim, H., Park, Y. A., Oh, J., et al. (2003). Pediatric nursing. Seoul: Shinkwang.
  20. Lee, M. Y., & Kim, H. K. (2009). Lived experience of overcoming migratory loss among North Korean refugee women who got married to South Korean man. Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies, 35, 525-554.
  21. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  22. Ministry of Unification (2011). Major statistics in inter-Korean relations: Number of North Korean refugees entered the South. Retrieved December 8, 2011, from http://www.unikorea.go.kr/CmsWeb/viewPage.req?idx=PG0000000365
  23. Park, H., Kim, Y., & Park, H. (2011). Grounded theory approach to transition process of parenting experience among mothers defecting from North Korean. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing, 17(1), 48-57. https://doi.org/10.4094/jkachn.2011.17.1.48
  24. Ra, D., & Park, J. (2009a). Marital satisfaction and social supports of the female marriage immigrant influencing on the parenting behavior. Family and Culture, 21(4), 1-20.
  25. Ra, D., & Park, J. (2009b). Factors effecting the female marriage immigrants'parenting behavior. Journal of Korean Council for Children's Rights, 12(4), 525-546.
  26. Sohn, S. M. (2010). The effect of parenting efficacy and family and social support on parenting stress of mothers with infants. The Korea Association for Early Childhood Education & Educate Administration, 14(4), 267-288.
  27. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. CA: Sage.
  28. Swain, J. E. (2011). Becoming a parent: Biobehavioral and brain science perspectives. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, 41(7), 192-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2011.02.004