Journal of Korea Multimedia Society (한국멀티미디어학회논문지)

Korea Multimedia Society (한국멀티미디어학회)
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A Proactive Secret Image Sharing Scheme over GF(28)

유한 체상에서의 사전 비밀이미지 공유 기법

  • 현승일 (영진사이버대학 정보통신공학계열) ;
  • 신상호 (경북대학교 IT대학 컴퓨터학부) ;
  • 유기영 (경북대학교 IT대학 컴퓨터학부)
  • Received : 2013.01.08
  • Accepted : 2013.02.23
  • Published : 2013.05.31
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Abstract

Shamir's (k,n)-threshold secret sharing scheme is not secure against cheating by attacker because the signature of participants is omitted. To prevent cheating, many schemes have been proposed, and a proactive secret sharing is one of those. The proactive secret sharing is a method to update shares in the secret sharing scheme at irregular intervals. In this paper, a proactive image secret sharing scheme over $GF(2^8)$ is proposed for the first time. For the past 30 years, Galois field operation is widely used in order to perform the efficient and secure bit operation in cryptography, and the proposed scheme with update phase of shadow image over $GF(2^8)$) at irregular intervals provides the lossless and non-compromising of secret image. To evaluate security and efficiency of images (i.e. cover and shadow images) distortion between the proposed scheme and the previous schemes, embedding capacity and PSNR are compared in experiments. The experimental results show that the performances of the embedding capacity and image distortion ratio of the proposed scheme are superior to the previous schemes.

Shamir의 (k,n)-threshold 비밀 공유(secret sharing) 기법은 참가자(participant)의 서명(signature)과정을 생략하기 때문에 악의적인 공격자에 의해 속임(cheating) 행위가 발생할 수 있고, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 여러 가지 기법들이 제안되었다. 대표적인 기법으로는 사전 비밀 공유(proactive secret sharing)가 존재한다. 이 기법은 불규칙적인 주기로 참가자들에게 배포된 공유값(shadow value)을 새롭게 변경해준다. 본 논문에서는 사전 비밀 공유 기법을 기존의 비밀이미지 공유(secret image sharing)에 처음으로 적용시킨다. 제안하는 기법은 유한 체($GF(2^8)$)상에서 비밀이미지의 공유가 수행된다. 유한 체 연산은 효율적이고, 안전한 암호 연산을 수행하기 위해 지난 30년간 널리 사용되어 왔고, 제안하는 기법에서는 사전 비밀이미지 공유 과정 내의 비밀 이미지의 손실(lossy)을 방지하기 위해 사용한다. 공유된 이미지(shadow image)를 생성하는 과정 내에서, 비밀이미지 공유 다항식(polynomial)을 이용하여 생성된 값은 삽입 용량(embedding capacity)과 PSNR의 상관관계(correlation)를 고려하여 LSB-2 방법을 이용해 커버 이미지(cover image)에 삽입된다. 실험에서는 비밀이미지의 삽입 용량과 공유된 이미지와 커버 이미지(cover image)간의 왜곡(distortion)의 비율(ratio)을 측정한다. 실험 결과에서는 기존의 제안되었던 기법들과의 비교 분석을 통해 제안하는 기법의 우수성을 검증한다.

Keywords

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