DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Unequal Protection FEC Scheme for Video over Optical Access Networks

  • Cao, Yingying (State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Chen, Xue (State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Wang, Liqian (State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications) ;
  • Li, Xicong (State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)
  • Received : 2013.02.09
  • Accepted : 2013.05.26
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an unequal protection physical coding sub-layer (PCS) forward error correction (FEC) scheme for efficient and high-quality transmission of video data over optical access networks. Through identifying and resolving the unequal importance of different video frames and passing this importance information from MAC-layer to PCS, FEC scheme of PCS can be adaptive to application-layer data. Meanwhile, we jointly consider the different channel situations of optical network unit (ONU) and improve the efficiency of FEC redundancy by channel adaptation. We develop a theoretical algorithm and a hardware method to achieve efficient FEC assignment for the proposed unequal protection scheme. The theoretical FEC assignment algorithm is to obtain the optimal FEC redundancy allocation vector that results in the optimum performance index, namely frame error rate, based on the identified differential importance and channel situations. The hardware method aims at providing a realistic technical path with negligible hardware cost increment compared with the traditional FEC scheme. From the simulation results, the proposed Channel and Application-layer data Adaptation Unequal Protection (CAAUP) FEC scheme along with the FEC ratio assignment algorithm and the hardware method illustrates the ability of efficient and high-quality transmission of video data against the random errors in the channel of optical access networks.

Keywords

References

  1. D. Wu, Y. T. Hou and Y. Q. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the internet: challenges and approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1855-1877, December, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.899055
  2. A. Luthra, G. J. Sullivan and T. Wiegand, "Introduction to the special issue on the H.264/AVC video coding standard," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 557-559, July, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815169
  3. G. Kramer, B. Mukherjee, S. Dixit, Y. Ye and R. Hirth, "Supporting differentiated classes of service in ethernet passive optical networks," Journal of Optical Networking, vol. 1, no. 9, pp. 280-298, August, 2002.
  4. M. P. McGarry, M. Reisslein and M. Maier, "WDM ethernet passive optical networks," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 15-22, February, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2006.1593545
  5. G. Kramer and G. Pesavento, "Ethernet passive optical network (EPON): building a next-generation optical access network," IEEE Communications magazine, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 66-73, February, 2002.
  6. I. Moccagatta, S. Soudagar, J. Liang and H. Chen, "Error-resilient coding in JPEG-2000 and MPEG-4," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 899-914, June, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.848245
  7. Y. Wang, S. Wenger, J. Wen and A. K. Katsaggelos, "Error resilient video coding techniques," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 61-82, July, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/79.855913
  8. U. Horn, K. Stuhlmuller, M. Link and B. Girod, "Robust internet video transmission based on scalable coding and unequal error protection," Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 77-94, September, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-5965(99)00025-9
  9. S. Han and B. Girod, "Robust and efficient scalable video coding with leaky prediction," in Proc. of International Conference on Image Processing 2002, pp. 41-44, September 22-25, 2002.
  10. Y. Wang, A. R. Reibman and S. Lin, "Multiple description coding for video delivery," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 57-70, January, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2004.839618
  11. V. K. Goyal and J. Kovacevic, "Generalized multiple description coding with correlating transforms," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 2199-2224, September, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.945243
  12. A. Natu and D. Taubman, "Unequal protection of JPEG2000 code-streams in wireless channels," in Proc. of GLOBECOM 2002, pp. 534-538, November 17-21, 2002.
  13. A. E. Mohr, E. A. Riskin and R. E. Ladner, "Unequal loss protection: graceful degradation of image quality over packet erasure channels through forward error correction," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 819-828, June, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.848236
  14. A. A. Alatan, M. Zhao and A. N. Akansu, "Unequal error protection of SPIHT encoded image bit streams," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 814-818, June, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.848235
  15. J. Kim, R. M. Mersereau and Y. Altunbasak, "Error-resilient image and video transmission over the internet using unequal error protection," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 121-131, February, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2003.809006
  16. N. Feamster and H. Balakrishnan, "Packet loss recovery for streaming video," in Proc. of 12th International Packet Video Workshop, pp. 9-16, April 24-26, 2002.
  17. P. A. Chou, A. Mohr, A. Wang and S. Mehrotra, "FEC and pseudo-ARQ for receiver-driven layered multicast of audio and video," in Proc. of IEEE Data Compression Conference 2000, pp. 440-449, March 28-30, 2000.
  18. Q. Zhang, G. Wang, W. Zhu, and Y. Q. Zhang, "Robust scalable video streaming over Internet with network-adaptive congestion control and unequal loss protection," in Proc. of 11th International Packet Video Workshop, pp. 9-16, May 6-8, 2001.
  19. S. Zare and A. G. Rahbar, "An FEC scheme combined with weighted scheduling to reduce multicast packet loss in IPTV over PON," Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 459-468, January, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2011.09.008
  20. M. Schaar, S. Krishnamachari, S. Choi and X. Xu, "Adaptive cross-layer protection strategies for robust scalable video transmission over 802.11 WLANs," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 1752-1763, December, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2003.815231
  21. M. H. Lu, P. Steenkiste and T. Chen, "Video streaming over 802.11 WLAN with content-aware adaptive retry," in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo 2005, pp. 723-726, July 6-6, 2005.
  22. A. Nafaa and A. Mehaoua, "Joint loss pattern characterization and unequal interleaved FEC protection for robust H. 264 video distribution over wireless LAN," Computer Networks, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 766-786, December, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2005.02.006
  23. Q. Li and M. Van Der Schaar, "Providing adaptive QoS to layered video over wireless local area networks through real-time retry limit adaptation," IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 278-290, April, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2003.822792
  24. W. Turin, R. Jana, C. Martin, and J. Winters, "Modeling wireless channel fading," in Proc. of 54th Vehicular Technology Conference, vol. 3, pp. 1740-1744, October 7-11, 2001.
  25. D. Halperin, W. Hu, A. Sheth, and D. Wetherall, "Predictable 802.11 packet delivery from wireless channel measurements," in Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM 2010, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 159-170, August 30-September 3, 2010.
  26. B. Mukherjee, Optical communication networks, McGraw-Hill Press, New York, 1997.
  27. 10 Gbps Ethernet IEEE Standard 802.3ae, June, 2002.