International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials

Korean Society of Sericultural Science (한국잠사학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimal Cold Temperature for the Artificial Hibernation of Bombus ignitus Queen Bumblebees

  • Yoon, Hyung Joo (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong Yong (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Mi Ae (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Ahn, Mi Young (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, In Gyun (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • Received : 2013.06.05
  • Accepted : 2013.06.15
  • Published : 2013.07.09
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Bumblebees are widely used to pollinate various greenhouse crops. Among the different bumblebee species, Bombus ignitus is indigenous to Korea, China, Japan and Russia. B. ignitus undergoes one generation per year, and artificial hibernation is essential for year-round rearing of the bumblebee. Keeping the queens under low-temperature conditions for several months is an effective method for terminating their diapause and promoting colony development. In the present study, we investigated how cold temperature affects the artificial hibernation of B. ignitus queens. Under chilling temperatures of $-2.5^{\circ}C$, $0^{\circ}C$, $2.5^{\circ}C$ and $5^{\circ}C$ with constant humidity >80%, the queens stored at $2.5^{\circ}C$ exhibited the highest survival rates, which were 74.0% at one month, 67.0% at two months, 60.0% at three months, 46.0% at 4 months, 33.0% at 5 months and 24.0% at 6 months. Lower survival rates were observed at $0^{\circ}C$, $5^{\circ}C$, $7.5^{\circ}C$ and $12.5^{\circ}C$. At $2.5^{\circ}C$ the colony developmental characteristics after diapause were 1.2- to 1.5-fold greater than those when queens were stored at $5^{\circ}C$. Thus, $2.5^{\circ}C$ and 70% R.H. were the most favorable chilling temperature and humidity conditions for terminating the diapause of B. ignitus queens.

Keywords

References

  1. Alford DV (1969a) A study of the hibernation of bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) in southern England. J Anim Ecol 38, 149-170. https://doi.org/10.2307/2743
  2. Alford DV (1969b) Studies on the fat body of adult bumble-bees. J Apic Res 8, 37-48.
  3. Alford DV (1975) Bumblebees. Davies-Poynter, London. pp. 352.
  4. Andrewartha HG (1952) Diapause in relation to the ecology of insects. Bio Rev 27, 50-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.1952.tb01363.x
  5. Asada S (2004) Studies on year-round rearing of Japanese native bumblebees (Bombus spp.) for buzz-foraging crop pollination. Bull-Kanagawa Prefect Agric Res Inst 144, 3-18
  6. Beekman M, van Stratum P, Lingeman R (1998) Diapause survival and post-diapause performance in bumblebee queens (Bombus terrestris ). Entomol Exp App 89, 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.1998.00401.x
  7. Beekman M, van Stratum P (2000) Does the diapause experience of bumblebee queens Bombus terrestris affect colony characteristics. Ecol Entomol 25, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2311.2000.00235.x
  8. Beekman MP, van Stratum P, Lingeman R (2000) Artificial rearing of bumble bee (Bombus terrestris ) selects against heavy queens. J Api Res 39, 61-65.
  9. Chino H (1958) Carbohydrate metabolism in the diapause egg of the silkworm, Bombyx mori . II. Conversion of glycogen into sorbitol and glycerol during diapause. J Insect Physiol 2, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(58)90024-6
  10. Crozier AJG (1979) Supradian and infrandian cycle in oxygen uptake of diapausing pupae of Pieris brassicae . J Insect Physiol 25, 575-582. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(79)90072-6
  11. Denlinger DL, Wellis JH, Fraenkel G (1972) Rates and cycles of oxygen consumption during pupal diapause in Sarcophaga flesh flies. J Insect Physiol 18, 871-882. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(72)90026-1
  12. Dag A, Kammer Y (2001) Comparison between the effectiveness of honeybee (Apis millifera ) and bumblebee (Bombus terrestris ) as pollinators of greenhouse sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum ). Am Bee J 141, 447-448.
  13. Denlinger DL (2002) Regulation of diapauses. Annu Rev Entomol 47, 93-122. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145137
  14. Duchateau MJ, Velthuis HHW (1988) Development and reproductive strategies in Bombus terrestris colonies. Behavior 107, 186-207. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853988X00340
  15. Ellingsen IJ (1978) Oxygen consumption in active and quiescent protonymphs of the American house-dust mite. J Insect Physiol 24, 13-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(78)90005-7
  16. May ML (1989) Oxygen consumption by adult colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J Insect Physiol 35, 797-804. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(89)90138-8
  17. Free JB (1993) Insect pollination of crops. 2nd ed., 684 pp. Academic Press, London.
  18. Greenleaf S, Kremen C (2006) Wild bee species increase tomato production but respond differently to surrounding land use in Northern California. Biol Conserv 133, 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.05.025
  19. Heinrich B (1979) Bumblebee economics. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
  20. Hoem SN (1972) Weight and life length of hibernation bumblebee queens (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) under controlled conditions. Ent Scand 3, 313-320. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631272X00184
  21. Horber E (1961) Beitrag zur Domestifikationsversuche mit Hummeln (Bombus latr ). Albredht Thaer-Arch 5, 282-304.
  22. Kai H (1983) Attempts to elucidate insect diapause development characterized by the potentiation of physiological development during exposure to low temperature. J Seric Sci Jpn 52, 283-289.
  23. Kai H, Kawashiri K, Nakashima S, Azuma M (1995) Fixed minimum duration of chilling critical to the termination of diapause, and effects of longer chilling on hatching mode in eggs of Bombyx mori . J Seric Sci Jpn 64, 132-141.
  24. Mansigh A (1971) Physiological classification of dormancy in insects. Can Entomol 103, 983-1009. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent103983-7
  25. May ML (1989) Oxygen consumption by adult colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J Insect Physiol 35, 797-804. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(89)90138-8
  26. Michener CD (2000) The bees of the world. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  27. Minitab Incorporated Company (2000) Minitab user's guide, Minitab Inc., USA.
  28. Morandin LA, Winston ML (2005) Wild bee abundance and seed production in conventional, organic, and genetically modified canola. Ecol Appl 15, 871-881. https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5271
  29. Roseler PF, Roseler I (1984) Effects of carbon dioxide and brain cauterization on corpora allata activity and oogenesia in bumblebees(Bombus hypnorum and Bombus terrestris). Zool Jb Physiol 88, 237-246.
  30. Scheniderman HA, Williams CM (1953) The physiology of insect diapause VII. The respiratory metabolism of the Cecropia silkworm, during diapause and development. Biol Bull 105, 320-334. https://doi.org/10.2307/1538648
  31. van den Eijnde, de Ruijter JA, van der Steen J (1991) Method for rearing Bombus terrestris continuously and the production of bumblebee colonies for pollination purposes. Acta Horticul 288, 154-158.
  32. Velthuis HHW, Van Doorn A (2006) A century of advances in bumblebee domestication and the economic and environmental aspects of its commercialization for pollination. Apidologie 38, 421-441.
  33. Waku, Y (1965) Oxygen consumption during diapause in the Lepidopterous pupae-Physiological and autecological significance of its U shaped curve. Sci Rep Tohoku Univ 28, 298-314.
  34. Winfree R, Griswold T, Kremen C (2007) Effect of human disturbance on bee communities in a forested ecosystem. Conserv Biol 21, 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00574.x
  35. Yaginuma T, Yamashita O (1986) Malate-aspartate cycles as an effective hydrogen shuttle at the termination of diapause in the eggs of Bombyx mori . J Insect Physiol 16, 677-685.
  36. Yaginuma T, Yamashita O (1999) Oxygen consumption in relation to sorbitol utilization at the termination of diapause eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori . J Insect Physiol 45, 621-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1910(98)00150-4
  37. Yoon HJ, Kim SE, Kim YS (2002) Temperature and humidity favorable for colony development of the indoor-reared bumblebee, Bombus ignitus . Appl Entomol Zool 37, 419-423. https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.2002.419
  38. Yoon HJ, Kim SE, Kim JG, Choi JY (2004a) Influence of chilling duration on oxygen consumption and hatchability in eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori . Int J Indust Entomol 8, 73-76.
  39. Yoon HJ, Kim SE, Kim YS, Lee SB (2004b) Colony developmental characteristics of the bumblebee queen Bombus ignitus by the first ovipositon day. Int J Indust Entomol 8, 139-143.
  40. Yoon HJ, Kim SE, Kim JG, Choi JY (2004c) Influence of chilling duration on oxygen consumption and hatchability in eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori . Int J Indust Entomol 8, 73-76.
  41. Yoon HJ, Lee SB, Kim SE, Seol KL (2004d) The flight of the bumblebee queen, Bombus terrestris , after diapause termination affects to ovipositon and colony development. Int J Indust Entomol 9, 241-247.
  42. Yoon HJ, Kim SE, Lee SB, Seol KL (2005) The effect of antiseptic and sugar solution on colony development of the bumblebee, Bombus ignitus and B. terrestris . Int J Indust Entomol 11, 43-48.
  43. Yoon HJ, Lee KY, Hwang JS, Park IG (2010) Chilling temperature and humidity to break diapauses of the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris . Int J Indust Entomol 20, 93-98.

Cited by

  1. Genetic structure of Korean populations of bumblebeesBombus ignitus(Hymenoptera: Apidae) as revealed by microsatellite markers vol.44, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12077
  2. Immune Modulation of B. terrestris Worker (a Type of Bumblebee), Extract on CFA-induced Paw Edema in Rats vol.30, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5487/TR.2014.30.4.277