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The Optimal Addition Level of Loquat Leaf Extract in the Rice Beverages

반응 표면 분석을 통한 비파엽 첨가 쌀음료의 비파엽 첨가량의 결정

  • 김일곤 (전라남도 식품산업연구센터) ;
  • 김기명 (호남대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2013.01.14
  • Accepted : 2013.05.14
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

The optimal amount of loquat leaf extract (LLE, $18^{\circ}$ Brix), fructose, and cream were determined to develop a rice beverage supplemented with LLE. The loquat leaves were extracted by water at $80^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs and then concentrated to 18% of solid for 1 hr at the same temperature to extraction. To investigate the optimal concentration of the additives, the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the experimental design. The addition amounts of the additives were coded. Sweetness, bitterness, off-taste, color, taste preference, and total preference were affected significantly (P<0.05) by the addition of LLE, fructose, and cream. Cream masked the bitterness and off-taste. The total preference of the LLEsupplemented rice beverage showed a lower score than the commercialiy available rice beverages. To achieve the preference level of the commercial rice beverages, the regression between fructose and LLE concentration was calculated as: fructose= $0.618{\times}(LLE)^2+0.406{\times}(LLE)$. Conclusively, cream had an effect of masking the bitterness of rice milk, and the preference was highly related to the addition amount of fructose.

비파엽을 첨가한 쌀음료의 개발에 있어서 과당, 크림, 그리고 비파엽 물 추출물의 농도는 최종 관능적인 맛과 기호도 모두에 유의적인 효과를 주고 있었으며, 비파엽 물 추출물 자체의 쓴맛과 이미를 감소시키는 주요한 첨가물은 과당이라고 결론지을 수 있었다. 그러나 비파엽을 첨가한 쌀음료는 대조구로 사용된 상용 쌀음료를 5점으로 하였을 때 반응 표면 분석의 결과로 예측된 최고 점수가 5점이 약간 못 미치는 수준인 것을 보인다. 통계적 분석 방법의 결과인 Table 2의 전체 기호도 5의 수준에 도달하기 위한 비파엽 추출물의 첨가량에 대한 과당의 첨가량의 상관 관계를 유의성이 떨어지는 항목을 배제하여 회귀식을 단순화하여 과당과 비파엽 추출물만의 식으로 나타내고, 이를 근거로 하여 과당과 비파엽이 기준시료 총 기호도의 5점에 해당하는 수준을 도달하기 위한 상호간의 관계식을 구하였다. 그 결과 과당 첨가량 = 0.618 ${\times}$(비파엽 추출물 Brix 18 고형분량)$^2$ + 0.406 ${\times}$ (비파엽 추출물 Brix 18 고형분량)으로 계산되었다. 결론적으로 비파엽 추출물의 쓴맛을 감소하는 효과는 크림이 있으나 선호도는 과당의 첨가량이 비파엽 추출물을 포함하는 쌀음료의 기호도에 더 큰 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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