장애인의 경제활동에 미치는 영향요인 연구

A Study on Influential Factors for the Economic Activities of People with Disabilities

장애인에게 있어 취업은 개인적으로는 인권, 자아존중감, 자아효능감을 신장시키고 비장애인과의 경제적 심리적 사회적 차이 감소, 장애인의 사회통합에 핵심적 역할을 수행하게 된다. 최근 통계자료 검토 결과 장애인의 비중 증가 및 경제활동 참여 장애인 감소현상이 지속적으로 나타나고 있어 장애인들의 취업활동 참여가 저조한 원인을 찾아내어 정책적 대안을 구할 필요가 제기된다. 본 연구에서는 장애인들의 경제활동 참여에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 무엇인가를 찾아보고자 하였으며, 수도권의 장애인들을 대상으로 한 설문지 조사를 실시하여 실증분석을 시도하였다. 분석 결과, 장애인은 기초생활 수급자일 때, 연령이 많을 때, 남성장애인보다는 여성장애인인 경우에는 경제활동 참여를 감소시키고, 직업훈련을 받는 경우와 기술 자격증이 있는 경우에는 경제활동 참여 가능성을 증가시키는 특성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 장애인의 취업활동 참여를 활성화하기 위해서는 기초생활 수급여부로 보는 빈곤정도, 성별, 연령, 배우자 유무 요인은 물론, 인적자본 특성 및 직업훈련서비스 특성요인(자격증 취득, 직업훈련 경험)에 대한 심층적 분석에 기반한 차별화된 정책개발이 필요하다 할 것이다.

For people with disabilities, getting a job makes it possible to advocate their own human rights, to improve their self-esteem and self-efficacy, to narrow economic, psychological and social divide between them and those without disabilities and ultimately to attain social integration. According to recent statistical data, there was an increase in the weight of people with disabilities, but their economic activities were on the wane, and it's required to explore what curbs the employment of people with disabilities to find feasible solutions. The purpose of this study was to examine influential factors for the economic activities of people with disabilities. The subjects in this study were the selected people with disabilities in the metropolitan area, on whom a survey was conducted to make an empirical analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: The people with disabilities engaged in less economic activities when they were basic livelihood security recipients, when they were older, and when they were female. And those who underwent job training and who were certified technicians were more likely to participate in economic activities. Therefore differentiated policy setting is required to boost the economic activities of people with disabilities after their general characteristics, characteristics as human resources and characteristics related to vocational training are carefully analyzed. As for general characteristics, whether they are basic livelihood security recipients or not should be considered to assess the degree of their poverty, and their gender, age and presence or absence of spouses should all be taken into account. In terms of vocational training, their certificates and job training experience should be investigated.