References
- Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Cross CE. 1992. Free radicals, antioxidants, and human disease: Where are we now? J Lab Clin Med 119: 598-620.
- Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MTD, Mawur M, Telser J. 2007. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39: 44-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2006.07.001
- Bokov A, Chaudhuri A, Richardson A. 2004. The role of oxidative damage and stress in aging. Mech Ageing Dev 125:811-826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2004.07.009
- Gibson GE, Huang HM. 2005. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 26: 575-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.07.017
- Scott JA, King GL. 2004. Oxidative stress and antioxidant treatment in diabetes. Ann NY Acad Sci 1031: 204-213. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1331.020
- Yu BP, Chung HY. 2001. Oxidative stress and vascular aging. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 54: S73-S80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00338-2
- Ames BN, Shigenaga MK, Hagen TM. 1993. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 7915-7922. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915
- Meydani M, Lipman RD, Han SN, Wu D, Beharka A, Martin KR, Bronson R, Cao G, Smith D, Meydani SN. 1998. The effect of long-term dietary supplementation with antioxidants. Ann NY Acad Sci 854: 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09915.x
- Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. 1996. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. J Am Diet Assoc 96: 1027-1039. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00273-8
- Lee SY, Eom SH, Kim YK, Park NI, Park SU. 2009. Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids in Momordica charantia Linn. J Med Plants Res 3: 1264-1269.
- Leatherdale BA, Panesar RK, Singh G, Atkins TW, Bailey CJ, Bignell AHC. 1981. Improvement in glucose tolerance due to Momordica charantia (karela). BMJ 282: 1823-1824. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.282.6279.1823
- Anila L, Vijayalakshmi NR. 2000. Beneficial effects of flavonoids from Sesamum indicum, Emblica officinalis and Momordica charantia. Phytother Res 14: 592-595. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1573(200012)14:8<592::AID-PTR772>3.0.CO;2-#
- Lotikar MM, Rajarama Rao MR. 1966. Pharmacology of a hypoglyceamic principle isolated from the fruit of Momordica charantia Linn. Indian J Pharm Sci 28: 129-132.
- Grover JK, Yadav SP. 2004. Pharmacological actions and potential uses of Momordica charantia: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 93: 123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.035
- Sin SM, Mok SY, Lee SH, Cho KM, Cho EJ, Kim HY. 2011. Protective effect of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) against oxidative stress. Cancer Prev Res 16: 86-92.
- Hatano T, Edamatsu R, Hiramatsu M, Mori A, Fujita Y, Yasuhara T, Yoshida T, Okuda T. 1989. Effects of the interaction of tannins with co-existing substances. VI.Effects of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical, and on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Chem Pharm Bull 37: 2016-2021. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.37.2016
- Gutteridge JM. 1987. Ferrous-salt-promoted damage to deoxyribose and benzoate. The increased effectiveness of hydroxyl-radical scavengers in the presence of EDTA. Biochem J 243: 709-714. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2430709
- Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Bolwell PG, Bramley PM, Pridham JB. 1995. The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids. Free Radic Res 22: 375-383. https://doi.org/10.3109/10715769509145649
- Lin JM, Lin CC, Chen MF, Ujiie T, Takada A. 1995. Scavenging effects of Mallotus repandus on active oxygen species. J Ethnopharmacol 46: 175-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01246-A
- Halliwell B, Gutteridge JM. 1984. Oxygen toxicity, oxygen radicals, transition metals and disease. Biochem J 219: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2190001
- Zhang D, Yasuda T, Yu Y, Zheng P, Kawabata T, Ma Y, Okada S. 1996. Ginseng extract scavenges hydroxyl radical and protects unsaturated fatty acids from decomposition caused by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 20:145-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)02020-9
- Yokozawa T, Rhyu DY, Cho EJ. 2003. Protection by the Chinese prescription Wen-Pi-Tang against renal tubular LLC-PK1 cell damage induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine. J Pharm Pharmacol 55: 1405-1412. https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357021783
- Piao XL, Kim HY, Yokozawa T, Lee YA, Piao XS, Cho EJ. 2005. Protective effects of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) and its active components against radical-induced oxidative damage. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 51: 142-147. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.51.142
- Yokozawa T, Satoh A, Cho EJ, Kashiwada Y, Ikeshiro Y. 2005. Protective role of Coptidis Rhizoma alkaloids against peroxynitrite-induced damage to renal tubular epithelial cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 57: 367-374. https://doi.org/10.1211/0022357055470
- Beckman JS, Koppenol WH. 1996. Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Am J Physiol 271: 1424-1437. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.5.C1424
- Ischiropoulos H. 1998. Biological tyrosine nitration: a pathophysiological function of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Arch Biochem Biophys 356: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1998.0755
- Nakazawa H, Fukuyama N, Takizawa S, Tsuji C, Yoshitake M, Ishida H. 2000. Nitrotyrosine formation and its role in various pathological conditions. Free Radic Res 33: 771-784. https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760000301291
- Ceriello A, Mercuri F, Quagliaro L, Assaloni R, Motz E, Tonutti L, Taboga C. 2001. Detection of nitrotyrosine in the diabetic plasma: evidence of oxidative stress. Diabetologia 44:834-838. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001250100529
- Singh RJ, Hogg N, Joseph J, Konorev E, Kalyanaraman B. 1999. The peroxynitrite generator, SIN-1, becomes a nitric oxide donor in the presence of electron acceptors. Arch Biochem Biophys 361: 331-339. https://doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1998.1007
- Oishi Y, Sakamoto T, Udagawa H, Taniguchi H, Kobayashi- Hattori K, Ozawa Y, Takita T. 2007. Inhibition of increases in blood glucose and serum neutral fat by Momordica charantia saponin fraction. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 71: 735-740. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60570
- Kobori M, Nakayama H, Fukushima K, Ohnishi-Kameyama M, Ono H, Fukushima T, Akimoto Y, Masumoto S, Yukizaki C, Hoshi Y, Deguchi T, Yoshida M. 2008. Bitter gourd suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses. J Agric Food Chem 56: 4004-4011. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf800052y
Cited by
- Characterization of a Soluble Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase in Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) vol.9, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106403
- Free Radical Scavenging Effect and Oxidative Stress Protective Activity of Domestic Processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix vol.44, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.6.809
- Food prospects and nutraceutical attributes of Momordica species: A potential tropical bioresources – A review vol.3, pp.3-4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2014.07.001
- Phytochemical profile and biological activities of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae): A review vol.17, pp.27, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2017.16374
- Characteristics and Antioxidant Effect of Garlic in the Fermentation of Cheonggukjang by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MJ1-4 vol.24, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1310.10065
- Radical Scavenging Activities of Tannin Extracted from Amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) vol.25, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1409.09088
- Momordica charantia , a Nutraceutical Approach for Inflammatory Related Diseases vol.10, pp.None, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00486