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양성 낭종성 갑상선 결절에 대한 에탄올 절제술의 효과

The Effect of Ethanol Ablation for the Treatment of Benign Cystic Thyroid Nodules

  • 김수정 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김희경 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김형상 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이경진 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 홍형주 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 한민귀 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 윤지희 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 강호철 (전남대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Kim, Soo Jeong (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Kim, Hee Kyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Kim, Hyoung Sang (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Lee, Kyung Jin (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Hong, Hyoung Ju (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Han, Min Gui (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Yoon, Jee Hee (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Kang, Ho-Cheol (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School)
  • 투고 : 2013.06.11
  • 심사 : 2013.08.08
  • 발행 : 2013.12.01

초록

목적: 낭종성 갑상선 결절은 전체 갑상선 결절의 6-37%를 차지하며 단순 흡인술로는 60-90%에서 재발하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 재발성 낭종성 갑상선 결절에서 에탄올 절제술의 효과와 이에 영향을 줄 수 있는 인자들에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2004년 4월부터 2010년 8월까지 낭종성 갑상선 결절을 주소로 화순 전남대학교 병원을 방문하여 에탄올 절제술을 시행받은 환자 46명을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 치료 2주 후 초기 치료 반응 평가를 시행하였으며 장기 반응 평가는 6개월에서 3년 사이에 시행하였다. 추적관찰한 결절의 부피가 치료 전 부피의 50% 이상 감소하였거나 결절의 크기에 관계없이 낭성 부분이 모두 소실된 경우를 완전반응(effective response, EF)이라고 정의하였으며 25% 이상 50% 미만의 감소율을 보인 경우를 부분반응(partial response, PR), 25% 미만의 감소율을 보인 경우를 무반응(no response, NR)으로 정의하였다. 장기 반응 평가에서 완전 반응을 보이는 경우를 치료의 성공으로 정의하고 영향을 주는 요인을 평가하였다. 결과: 환자의 평균 연령은 42.5 ${\pm}$ 16.6세, 전체 40명의 환자 중 여성은 38명으로 82.6%였으며 모든 환자에서 전경부에 촉진되는 종물 및 이물감을 호소하였다. 결절 부피는 치료 전 12.0 ${\pm}$ 7.8 mL (3.4-41.3 mL)였으며 치료 2주 후 5.4 ${\pm}$ 3.2 mL (0-33.0 mL)로 의미 있게 감소하였다(p < 0.001). 초기 치료의 반응은 ER, PR, NR이 각각 31예(67.4%), 14예(30.4%), 1예(2.2%)였으며, 40예(86.9%)서 촉진되는 종물과 이물감이 호전되었다. 추가 에탄올 절제술 치료가 시행된 6예를 제외한 40예의 장기간 성적은 결절의 부피가 4.4 ${\pm}$ 3.4 mL (0-23.3 mL)로 치료 전에 비해 63%의 유의한 감소를 보였으며(p < 0.001), ER, PR, NR은 각각 31예(77.5%), 5예(12.5%), 4예(10%)였다. 치료 실패군에서 료 전 낭종의 부피가 유의하게 컸으며(p = 0.04), 에탄올 절제술 후 합병증이 발생한 예는 없었다. 결론: 낭종성 갑상선 결절에서 에탄올 절제술은 매우 효과적이며 안전한 치료법이라 생각한다. 하지만 낭성 결절의 초기 용적이 큰 경우에는 에탄올 절제술의 실패 가능성이 높으므로 보다 면밀한 치료적 고려가 필요하다.

Background/Aims: The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol ablation for benign cystic thyroid nodules, and to identify the clinical factors associated with therapeutic outcome. Methods: We examined 46 patients with benign cystic nodules. After removal of cystic fluid, 99% ethanol was injected under ultrasound guidance. Follow-up ultrasonography was then performed 2 weeks and 6-36 months after the therapy to evaluate the early and late response, respectively. An effective response (ER) was defined as volume reduction > 50% or the absence of any residual cystic lesion; partial response (PR) as a 25-50% volume reduction; and no response (NR) as volume reduction < 25% or a volume expansion. Results: During the early response, ER, PR, and NR were 67.4, 30.4, and 2.2%, respectively. The initial mean cyst volume of 12.0 ${\pm}$ 7.8 mL (3.4-41.3) was reduced significantly after ethanol ablation therapy to 5.4 ${\pm}$ 3.2 mL (0-33.0; 55% volume reduction, p < 0.001), and to a final late response volume of 4.4 ${\pm}$ 3.4 mL (0-23.3; 63% volume reduction, p < 0.01). Except for 6 patients who received additional ethanol injection therapies, ER was obtained in 31 of 40 (77.5%) patients in the late response. A large initial volume was the factor associated with therapeutic failure (p = 0.04). Eleven patients (23%) reported transient mild local pain. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation is a safe and highly effective therapeutic method for cystic thyroid nodules. However, more sophisticated approaches are needed for large cystic nodules.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. The Effect of Ethanol Ablation for the Treatment of Benign Cystic Thyroid Nodules vol.85, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2013.85.6.589
  2. Feasibility of Surgeon-Performed Ultrasound-Guided Ethanol Ablation in Benign Cystic Thyroid Nodules: Preliminary Report vol.58, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2015.58.4.261