Korean Journal of Microbiology (미생물학회지)

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
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Winter Algal Bloom and Spatial Characteristics of Water Quality in the Lower Taewha River, Ulsan, Korea

태화강 하류에서 겨울철 조류 발생과 수질의 공간적 특성

  • Sohn, Eun Rak (Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Park, Jung Im (Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Lee, Bora (Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Lee, Jin Woo (Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Kim, Jongseol (Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan)
  • 손은락 (울산대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학부) ;
  • 박정임 (울산대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학부) ;
  • 이보라 (울산대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학부) ;
  • 이진우 (울산대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학부) ;
  • 김종설 (울산대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학부)
  • Received : 2012.12.14
  • Accepted : 2013.02.06
  • Published : 2013.03.31
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Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the spatial and tidal effects on the water quality in the lower reaches of Taewha River, Ulsan, Korea and to understand the environmental factors affecting winter algal bloom in the river. From May, 2010 to January, 2011, water samples were collected at five locations (New Samho Bridge, Old Samho Bridge, Mungjung Stream, Taewha Bridge, and Mungchon Bridge) along the river at high and low tides of spring tide. We measured environmental parameters including salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll a (Chl a) and various nutrient concentrations. Salinity increased towards the downstream direction. Average values of Chl a concentrations ranged $10-26mg/m^3$ at high tide and $11-53mg/m^3$ at low tide depending on sampling locations. It was noteworthy that there were strong increases in Chl a concentrations during the November 21 to December 22 sampling period especially at the Taewha Bridge. At the location, Chl a concentrations were measured as $138-296mg/m^3$ for the period; Rhodomonas lacustris of class Cryptophyceae was the dominant algal species. Chl a concentrations at the Taewha Bridge were positively correlated with such parameters as salinity, BOD, DO, COD, pH, and T-N, and negatively correlated with temperature and $NO_3{^-}$-N. On the other hand, at the Mungchon Bridge the highest concentration of Chl a was $55mg/m^3$ on August 25, and Chl a concentrations were positively correlated with $NH_3$-N, T-N, $PO_4{^{3-}}$-P, T-P, and heterotrophic plate counts. The results suggested that water quality in the lower Taewha River fluctuated a lot with the sampling locations and the patterns of algal blooms were different between Taewha Bridge and Mungchon Bridge sampling locations.

본 연구에서는 태화강 하류에서 조수 및 조사 지점에 따른 태화강 수질 특성을 알아보고, 겨울 조류 발생에 영향을 주는 환경요인을 분석하고자 하였다. 2010년 5월에서 2011년 1월까지 태화강 하류의 신삼호교, 구삼호교, 명정천, 태화교, 명촌교 등 5개 지점에서, 사리의 만조와 간조에 시료를 채취하였다. 염분도, 용존산소(DO), 생물학적 산소 요구량(BOD), 화학적 산소 요구량(COD), 엽록소 a(Chl a), 여러 영양염류 등의 환경변수를 측정하였다. 염분도는 하류 방향으로 갈수록 증가하였으며, Chl a의 지점별 평균값은 만조 $10-26mg/m^3$, 간조 $11-53mg/m^3$였다. 특히 태화교의 경우 11월 21일-12월 22일에 Chl a 농도가 $138-296mg/m^3$로 급격히 증가하였으며, Cryptophyceae의 Rhodomonas lacustris가 우점하는 식물플랑크톤이었다. 태화교에서 Chl a 농도는 염분도, BOD, DO, COD, pH, T-N와 양의 상관관계, 수온, 기온, $NO_3{^-}$-N과는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 반면 명촌교의 경우 Chl a 농도는 8월 25일에 $55mg/m^3$로 최고값을 보였으며, Chl a 농도는 $NH_3$-N, T-N, $PO_4{^{3-}}$-P, T-P, 일반세균과 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 연구의 결과는 태화강 하류에서 조사 지점에 따른 수질의 변동폭이 매우 크며, 조류 발생의 양상도 태화교와 명촌교 사이에 차이가 있음을 보여준다.

Keywords

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