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Influence of Ca Containing Fertilizers on the Growth of Mother and Daughter Plants, and Physiological Disorders in Propagation of 'Seolhyang' Strawberry through Plastic Bag Cultivation

배지경 자루 재배를 통한 '설향' 딸기의 번식에서 칼슘 혼합비료가 모주 및 자묘의 생장과 생리장해에 미치는 영향

  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Hei Soo (Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2012.07.10
  • Accepted : 2012.09.19
  • Published : 2013.02.28

Abstract

The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of Ca fertilizer on the growth of mother plants, physiological disorders, and occurrence of daughter plants in propagation of 'Seolhyang' strawberry through plastic bag cultivation. To achieve this, chemicals of 1.125 mM $Ca(OH)_2$, 0.375 mM $MgCl_2$, 1.250 mM KCl were blended and designated to combined fertilizer (CF). Then, the effect was compared to the treatment of no Ca application (control) and a commercial fertilizer, CalMag (13-0-1.9-16-6:N-$P_2O_5$-$K_2O$-CaO-MgO), when those were applied every two weeks with controlled electrical conductivity (EC) of solution such as 0.6 or 1.0 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The number of plants showing Ca deficiency symptoms was the highest in control treatment, but those decreased significantly in CF or CalMag treatments. The differences between CF and CalMag in appearance of Ca deficient plants were not significant when two fertilizers were applied with same EC. The fresh and dry weights of mother plants were the greater in the treatments of CF or CalMag than those of control treatment. The treatments of 1.0 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ of CF or CalMag were more effective than those of 0.6 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ on the fresh and dry weight of the mother plants. The runner lengths in the treatment of 1.0 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ of CF were the longest among the all treatments tested. The treatments of 1.0 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ were more effective than those of 0.6 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ of CF or CalMag in lengths and fresh and dry weight of runners. The fresh and dry weights of daughter plants were heavier in the treatments of CF than those of CalMag. Based on the above results, we concluded that the Ca deficiency in raising 'Seolhyang' strawberry can be lessened by the application of Ca containing fertilizers, but combined application of Ca, K and Mg was more effective than that of Ca alone for seedling production.

'설향' 딸기의 육묘과정에서 발생하는 칼슘 결핍 교정을 위하여 배지경으로 모주를 재배하면서 Ca이 혼합된 비료를 시비할 때 모주 생육 및 생리장해 발현과 런너 및 자묘의 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 1.125mM $Ca(OH)_2$, 0.375mM $MgCl_2$ 그리고 1.25mM KCl를 혼합한 비료와 시판비료인 CalMag(13-0-1.9-16-6:N-$P_2O_5$-$K_2O$-CaO-MgO)를 전기전도도(EC)가 0.6 또는 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$가 되도록 지하수로 용해시켜 2주일에 1회 관주처리하였고, 정식 120일 후 모주생장과 자묘 발생에 미치는 효과를 비교하였다. 칼슘 결핍증상 발현 식물체수는 대조구인 무시비구에서 가장 많았으며, 칼슘비료를 시비함으로써 개체수가 감소하였으나, 비료의 종류 및 농도에 따른 처리별 차이는 크지 않았다. 무시비구에 비해 Ca이 포함된 비료를 시비할 때 모주의 생체중과 건물중이 무거웠고, CalMag를 시비한 경우보다 본 연구에서 조합한 비료를 처리한 경우 생장량이 많았다. 또한 두 종류 비료를 $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 시비한 처리보다 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 시비한 처리의 생장량이 많았다. 혼합 비료를 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 시비한 처리에서 모주로부터 발생한 런너의 길이가 가장 길었고, 혼합비료와 CalMag 모두 $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 처리보다 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 처리에서 발생된 런너의 길이가 길었다. 런너의 생체중과 건물중도 혼합비료 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 처리에서 가장 무거웠으며, 두 종류 비료를 $1.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 시비한 경우 $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ 처리보다 더 많은 생장량을 보였다. 2차 자묘를 선택하여 생장량을 비교해 본 결과 본 연구의 혼합비료 처리가 동일한 농도로 CalMag를 시비한 처리보다 생체중과 건물중이 무거웠다. 이상의 연구결과를 고려할 때 '설향' 딸기의 자묘 생산을 위해서는 주기적인 Ca 시비가 필수적이지만 Ca을 단독으로 처리하기보다는 알칼리성 원소인 K:Ca:Mg의 비율을 조절하여 시비하는 것이 더욱 효과적이라고 판단하였다.

Keywords

References

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