Journal of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회지)

Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research (한국항해항만학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analyses of Sustainability(TBL) of Marine Sport Events

해양스포츠이벤트의 지속가능성(TBL) 분석

  • Cho, Woo-Jeong (Dept. of Ocean Physical Education, Korea Maritime University) ;
  • Kang, Shin-Beum (Dept. of Ocean Physical Education, Korea Maritime University)
  • 조우정 (한국해양대학교 해양체육학과) ;
  • 강신범 (한국해양대학교 해양체육학과)
  • Received : 2012.10.31
  • Accepted : 2013.01.30
  • Published : 2013.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of sustainability of marine sport events by types of events and thus to provide fundamental information that helps developing sustainable marine sport events. In order to accomplish such the purpose, this study employed survey methodology with a total of 285 visitors to marine sport events. Questionnaires were developed based on Tripple Bottom Line theory suggested by previous research and validated throughout a panel of experts to check out content validity. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA with Scheffe post hoc tests. Accordingly following findings were derived from current study. First, among 12 positive sustainability variables, marine space improvement had the highest mean score(M=3.82) but creation of jobs had the lowest mean score(M=3.46). Among 11 negative sustainability variables, traffic jab had the highest mean score(M=3.16) but conflict between participants and residents had the lowest mean score(M=2.73). Second, a festival typed marine sport event had the significantly high mean scores in all positive sustainability index including economic sustainability(M=3.79), social sustainability(M=3.84) and environmental sustainability(M=3.80). Third, a business typed marine sport event had the relatively higher mean scores in all negative sustainability index including economic sustainability(M=3.22), social sustainability(M=3.26) and environmental sustainability(M=3.25). In conclusion, these findings suggest that marine sport event organizers concentrate on marine sport event with more sustainability potentials.

본 연구의 목적은 해양스포츠이벤트 유형별 지속가능성을 과학적으로 분석하여 경제, 사회 그리고 환경적으로 지속가능한 해양스포츠이벤트 개발 전략을 제시하기 위해 실시되었다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 해양스포츠이벤트 방문객 285명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사도구는 Oh(2003), Park(2009) 그리고 Song and Lee(2005)등의 선행연구를 토대로 본 연구의 상황에 맞게 요인 및 항목을 수정 보완하였으며 전문가에 의한 내용타당도 검증을 통해 조사도구의 타당성을 검증하였다. 일원변량분석(ANOVA)와 사후검증(Scheffe)을 통해 이벤트 유형별 지속가능성을 분석하였으며 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 해양스포츠이벤트의 긍정적 지속가능성은 해양공간정비(M=3.82)가 가장 높았으며 고용창출(M=3.46)이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 반면 부정적 지속가능성은 교통정체(M=3.16)가 가장 높게 나타났으며 참가자와 주민 갈등(M=2.73) 항목이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 해양스포츠이벤트 유형별 긍정적 지속가능성은 축제형 해양스포츠이벤트가 경제적(M=3.79), 사회적(M=3.84) 그리고 환경적(M=3.80) 지속가능성 요인 모두에서 긍정적 효과가 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 해양스포츠이벤트 유형별 부정적 지속가능성은 통계적 유의도는 나타나지 않았으나 비지니스형이 경제적(M=3.22), 사회적(M=3.26) 그리고 환경적(M=3.25) 지속가능성 요인 모두에서 부정적 효과가 타 해양스포츠이벤트에 비해 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과는 경제, 사회 및 환경적으로 지속가능성을 확보할 수 있는 해양스포츠이벤트 유형을 제시해 주고 있으며 해양스포츠이벤트의 지속가능한 개발 전략을 수립하는데 기초 자료를 제공하고 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, B. Y., Lee, B. K. and Shafer, C. S.(2002), "Operationalizing sustainability in regional tourism planning: an application of the limits of acceptable change framework", Tourism Management, Vol. 23, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00059-0
  2. Ayala, H.(1995), "Ecoresort: a green masterplan for the international resort industry", Int. J. Hospitality Management, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 351-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(95)00043-7
  3. Byun, C. H.(2006), "Evaluation of national projects on sustainability criteria", Space and Society, Vol. 26, pp. 120-153.
  4. Collins, A., Jones, C. and Munday, M.(2009), "Assessing the environmental impacts of mega sporting events: Two options?", Tourism Management, Vol. 30, pp. 828-837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.006
  5. Cho, W. J.(2010), "Sustainable development strategies for marine sport industry", Korea Marine Engineering Society, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 224-234. https://doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2010.34.2.224
  6. Cho, W. J.(2011), "The economic impacts of marine sport events using regional Input/Output Analysis". Korean Journal of Sport Leisure Studies, Vol. 43, pp. 327-336.
  7. Cho, W. J.(2011), "The effects of a marine leisure exhibition event's appraisal attributes on visitors's satisfaction and re-visit intention", International Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 335-342. https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2011.35.4.335
  8. Cho, W. J. and Kang, S. B.(2011), "Analyses of economic impacts of marine leisure events", Korean Journal of Navigation and Port Research, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 415-421. https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2011.35.5.415
  9. Choi, B. G. and Song, J. H.(2000), "A study on sustainability structures and concepts of tourism", Tourism Policy Research, Vol. 3, pp. 231-266.
  10. Dolnicar, S. and Leisch, F.(2008). "Selective marketing for environmentally sustainable tourism", Tourism Management, Vol. 29, pp. 672-680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.010
  11. Fairley, S., Tyler, D., Kellett, P., and D'Elia(2010), "The formula one Australian Grand Prix: Exploring the tripple bottom line", Sport Management Review, Vol. 77, pp. 1-12.
  12. Gyeonggi Research Institute(2009), 2009 Gyeonggi International Boat Show evaluation and development plan. Research Report.
  13. Gyeongnam Development Institute(2009), America's Cup challenging plan for Gyeongnam Yacht Hub. Research Report.
  14. Jennings. G.(2007), "Water-based tourism, sport, leisure and recreation experiences", Oxford, UK: Elsevier Inc.
  15. Kim, J. D.(2007), "Strategies for tourism governance for regional governments through a sustainable tourism development", Tourism Research Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 391-407.
  16. Kim, J. H.(2002), "A Study on sustainable development", Foreign Law Journal, Vol. 12, pp. 195-230.
  17. Ko, G. S.(2011), Regional development plans through sustainable marine tourism", Marine Business, Vol. 18, pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/1051712X.2010.490933
  18. Ko, J. T. G. (2001), "Assessing progress of tourism sustainability", Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 817-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00070-0
  19. Korea Association of Marine Industry(2009), A study on activation strategies for marine sport events. Research Report.
  20. Laing, J. and Frost, W.(2010), "How green was my festival: Exploring challenges and opportunities associated with staging green events", Int. J. Hospitality Management, Vol. 29, pp. 261-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.10.009
  21. Lee, H. Y. and Cha, S. H.(2004), "Application of sustainable tourism standards on tourism sites' characteristics", Korea Tourism Society 55th Congress, pp. 441-450.
  22. Moesch, C.(2011), "Sustainability of mega sports events - Subsequent use of event infrastructure as a key factor", 2011 EASM Conference, p. 29.
  23. Oh, J. J.(2003), "A study on sustainability of eco tourism resource", Korea Geographic Society, Vol., 38, No.
  24. Park, Y. S., Glenn, J. and Gorden, T.(2009), State of the Future. Seoul: Kyobo Books. 4, pp. 610-629.
  25. Ryu, J. S. and Lee, J. D.(2012), "An evaluation model for Upo's sustainability as an eco tourism resource", Environmental Policy Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 3-25.
  26. Song, J. H. and Lee, S. E.(2005), "Tourism sustainability: a case fro Jeju", Tourism Research, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 193-211.
  27. UNEP(2006), "Mainstreaming the environment in major sports events", Global Forum for Sport and Environment Report.
  28. Williams, P. and Ponsford, I.(2009), "Confronting tourism's environmental paradox: transitioning for sustainable tourism", Futures, Vol. 41, pp. 396-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2008.11.019

Cited by

  1. A Study on the Status and Improvement of Domestic Marina Port Facility in Aspect of Navigators vol.38, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5394/KINPR.2014.38.1.73