참고문헌
- Ashok, K., Behera, S.K., Rao, S.A., Weng, H., and Yamagata, T. (2007). "El Nino Modoki and its possible teleconnection." J. Geophys. Res. 112, doi:10.1029/2006JC003798.
- Ashok, K., and Yamagata, T. (2009). "Climate Change: The El Niño with a difference." Nature, doi:10.1038/461481a.
- Bjerknes, J. (1969). Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial pacific. MonthlyWeather Review, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 163-172.
- Bowman, A.W., and Azzalini, A. (1997). "Applied smoothing techniques for data analysis." London: Oxford University Press.
- Chang, C-W.J., Hsu, H.H., Wu, C.R., and Sheu, W.J. (2008). "Interannual mode of sea level in the South China Sea and the roles of El Nino and El Nino Modoki." Geophys. Res. Lett. 35:L03601. doi:10.1029/2007GL032562.
- Chu, P.S. (1995). "Hawaii rainfall anmalies and El Nino." J. Climate, Vol. 8, pp. 1697-1703. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<1697:HRAAEN>2.0.CO;2
- Feng, J., Chen, W., Tam, C.Y., and Zhou, W. (2010). "Different impacts of El Nino and El Nino Modoki on China rainfall in the decaying phases." International Journal of Climatology, doi:10.1002/joc.2217.
- Gershunov, A., Barnett, T.B., and Cayan, D.R. (1999). "North Pacific Interdecadal Oscillations Seen as Factor in ENSO-related North American Climate Anomalies." Eos. Transactions. American Geophysical Union, doi: 10.1029/99EO00019.
- GPCP (Global Precipitation Climatology Project) (2012). URL: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/cgi-bin/data/ composites/printpage.pl. accessed March 2012.
- Horel, J.D., and Wallace, J.M. (1981). "Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation." Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 109, pp. 813-829. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0813:PSAPAW>2.0.CO;2
- Kao, H.Y., and Yu, J.Y. (2009). "Contrasting Eastern- Pacific and Central-Pacific Types of ENSO." Journal of Climate, Vol. 22, pp. 615-632 doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2309.1.
- Kiladis, G.N., and Diaz, H.F. (1989). "Global climatic anomalies associated with extremes in the Southern Oscillation." J. Climate, Vol. 2, pp. 1069-1090. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1989)002<1069:GCAAWE>2.0.CO;2
- Kim, H., Webster, P.J., and Curry, J.A.(2009). "Impact of shifting patterns of Pacific Ocean warming on the frequency and tracks of North Atlantic tropical cyclones." Science, Vol. 325, pp. 77-80. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1174062
- Kim, J.S., Jain, S., and Yoon, S.K. (2012). "Warm season streamflow variability in the Korean Han River Basin: links with atmospheric teleconnections." International Journal of Climatology, doi:10.1002/joc.2290.
- Kug, J.S., Jin, F.F., and An, S.I. (2009). "Two types of El Nino events: Cold tongue El Nino and warm pool El Nino." Journal of Climate, Vol. 22, pp. 1499-1515, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2624.1.
- Kwon, H.H., and Moon, Y.L. (2005). "Independent component analysis of Nino3.4 sea surface temperature and summer seasonal rainfall." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 38, No. 12, pp. 985-994. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2005.38.12.985
- Lall, U., Moon, Y.I., and Bosworth, K. (1993). "Kernel flood frequency estimators: bandwidth selection and kernel choice." Water Resources Research, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 1003-1015. https://doi.org/10.1029/92WR02466
- McPhaden, M.J., Zebiak, S.E., and Glantz, M.H. (2006). "ENSO as an Integrating Concept in Earth Science." Science, Vol. 314, pp. 1740-1745. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1132588
- Monteverdi, J., and Null, J. (1997). El Nino and California Rainfall, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Western Region Technical Attachment No. 97-37. http://tornado.sfsu.edu/geosciences/elnino/ elnino.html, accessed February, 2005.
- Moon, Y.I., and Lall, U. (1994). "Kernel quantile function estimator for flood frequency analysis." Water Resources Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp. 3095-3103. https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR01217
- Na, H., Jang, B.G., Choi, W.M., and Kim, K.Y. (2011) "Statistical Simulations of the Future 50-year Statistics of Cold-Tongue El Nino and Warm-Pool El Nino." Asia-Pacific J. Atmos. Sci., Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 223-233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-011-0011-1
- Nicholls, N., and Wong, K.K. (1990). "Dependence of rainfall variability on mean latitude and the Southern Oscillation." J. Climate, Vol. 3, pp. 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1990)003<0163:DORVOM>2.0.CO;2
- NOAA (national weather service climate prediction center) (2012). URL:http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/ indices/. accessed March 2012.
- Pradhan, P.K., Preethi, B., Ashok, K., Krishna, R., and Sahai, A.K. (2011). "Modoki, Indian Ocean Dipole, and western North Pacific typhoons: Possible implications for extreme events." Journal of Geophysical Research, 116D18108, doi:10.1029/2011JD015666.
- Pizarro, G., and Lall, U. (2002). "El Nino-Induced Flooding in the US West: What Can We Expect?." Eos. Transactions. American Geophysical Union, Vol. 83, pp. 349- 352.
- Rayner, N.A., Parker, D.E., Horton, E.B., Folland, C.K., Alexander, L.V., Rowell, D.P., Kent, E.C., and Kaplan, A. (2003). "Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century." Journal of Geophysical Research, doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
- Ren, H.L., and Jin, F.F. (2011). "Nino indices for two types of ENSO." Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 38, L04704, doi:10.1029/2010GL046031.
- Schonher, T., and Nicholson, S.E. (1989). "The Relationship between California Rainfall and ENSO Events." Journal of Climate, Vol. 2, pp. 1258-1269. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1989)002<1258:TRBCRA>2.0.CO;2
- Shin, H.S., Ahn, J.H., and Yoon, Y.N. (1999). "Analysis of spatial-temporal relationship between El Nino and South Korean precipitation." Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 19, No. II-1, pp. 1-12.
- Trenberth, K.E. (1997). "The Definition of El Nino." National Center for Atmospheric Research, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, pp. 2771- 2777.
- WAMIS (water management information system) (2012). URL: http://wamis.go.kr/eng/. accessed March 2012.
- Weng, H., Ashok, K., Behera, S., Rao, S., and Yamagata, T. (2007). "Impacts of recent El Niño Modoki on dry/ wet conditions in the Pacific rim during boreal summer." Climate Dynamics, Vol. 29, pp. 113-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-007-0234-0
- Yeh, S.W., Kug, J.S. Dewitte, B., Kwon, M.H., Kirtman, B.P., and Jin, F.F. (2009). "El Nino in a changing climate." Nature, Vol. 461, pp. 511-514, doi:10.1038/nature08316.
- Yoon, J.H., and Yeh, S.W. (2009). "Study of the Relationship between the East Asian Marginal SST and the Two Different Types of El Nino." Ocean and Polar Research, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1-61. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2009.31.1.001
피인용 문헌
- Warm Season Hydro-Meteorological Variability in South Korea Due to SSTA Pattern Changes in the Tropical Pacific Ocean Region vol.36, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2016.36.1.0049