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호랑나비(Papilio xuthus)의 생육특성에 관한 연구

Studies on bionomical characteristics of Papilio xuthus

  • 투고 : 2013.09.23
  • 심사 : 2013.10.17
  • 발행 : 2013.11.30

초록

본 연구는 호랑나비의 사육을 위한 기초적인 생육특성을 구명하고자 수행되었으며, 휴면형 번데기의 저장기간에 따른 우화율과 산란실의 크기에 따른 산란특성에 대한 연구와 호랑나비 애벌레의 일반적인 생육특성에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 조사결과 휴면형 번데기의 저장기간에 따른 우화율은 $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$의 저온저장고에서 약 10개월 저장후에도 85%의 우화율을 보였다. 휴면형 번데기의 저장기간별 평균 우화율은 89.6%였으며, 우화까지 소요시간은 상온에서 $7.9{\pm}1.9$일이었다. 산란실의 크기에 따른 짝짓기 성공률을 조사한 결과 대형 산란실($6,000{\times}6,000{\times}3,500$ mm)에서는 $86.7{\pm}5.8%$로 소형 산란실($2,500{\times}3,000{\times}2,000$ mm)의 $63.3{\pm}15.3%$비해 짝짓기가 더 잘 이루어지는 것으로 보였다. 반면에 산란실의 크기에 따른 산란수량은 대형 산란실이 $137.0{\pm}16.5$개, 소형 산란실이 $141.7{\pm}20.4$개로 나타났다. 먹이식물에 대한 산란선호도는 황벽나무가 $141.7{\pm}27.8$개로 $67.7{\pm}20.6$개를 산란한 산초나무나 $77.0{\pm}21.8$개를 산란한 귤나무에 비해 산란선호도가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 호랑나비 애벌레의 부화율은 92.2%로 나타났으며, 알기간은 $4.4{\pm}0.8$일로 나타났다. 애벌레 기간은 총 $19.9{\pm}2.1$일로 나타났으며, 5령기간이 가장 길어 $6.9{\pm}1.8$일이였다. 호랑나비 애벌레의 영별 두폭은 1령 애벌레가 $0.72{\pm}0.02$ mm였으며, 2령 $1.19{\pm}0.02$ mm, 3령 $1.65{\pm}0.05$ mm, 4령 $2.43{\pm}0.07$ mm, 5령 $3.21{\pm}0.12$ mm로 각각 나타났다. 용화율은 91.6%로 나타났으며, 번데기 기간은 $8.8{\pm}0.9$일이었고, 우화율은 92.2%였다.

This study was investigation for primary bionomical characteristics, emergence rate of wintering type pupa and oviposition preference, of Papilio xuthus. The emergence rate of wintering type pupa stored at cold chamber($4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) was 85%, after 10 months. The average emergence rate of wintering type pupa during storage was 89.6%, and the emergence periods were $7.9{\pm}1.9days$ in room temperature. Mating ratio in large oviposition room, $6,000{\times}6,000{\times}3,500$ mm($W{\times}L{\times}H$), was $86.7{\pm}5.8%$ higher than $63.3{\pm}15.3%$ in small room, $2,500{\times}3,000{\times}2,000$ mm($W{\times}L{\times}H$). But the number of eggs in the large room were $137.0{\pm}16.5$ fewer than $141.7{\pm}20.4$ in the small room. As a result of oviposition preference experiment on three different host plants, 10 mated female laid $141.7{\pm}27.8$ on the leaves of Phellodendron amurensew more than $67.7{\pm}20.6$ on Zanthoxylum schinifolium and $77.0{\pm}21.8$ on Citrus unshiu. The egg periods were $4.4{\pm}0.8$ days after oviposition, and the hatchability was 92.2% in $25^{\circ}C$ room condition. The larval period were $19.9{\pm}2.1$ days in the high temperature, long day condition($25^{\circ}C$, 14L : 10D). The headwidth of each developmental larval stage were $0.72{\pm}0.02$(1st), $1.19{\pm}0.02$(2nd), $1.65{\pm}0.05$(3rd), $2.43{\pm}0.07$(4th), $3.21{\pm}0.12$(5th). The pupal ratio was 91.6%. The pupal period were $8.8{\pm}0.9$ days, and the emergence rate was 92.2%.

키워드

참고문헌

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