Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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Climate Change by Global Warming and Its Effects on Production Efficiency of Lactating Dairy Cows in Korea : a Simulation Modeling Approach

지구온난화에 따른 국내 기후변화와 젖소 착유우의 생산효율에 미치는 영향 평가 : 모델 시뮬레이션을 이용한 접근

  • 이정진 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과) ;
  • 이준성 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과) ;
  • 김종남 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과) ;
  • 서자겸 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과) ;
  • 조남철 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과) ;
  • 박성민 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 기광석 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원) ;
  • 서성원 (충남대학교 동물바이오시스템과학과)
  • Received : 2013.10.22
  • Accepted : 2013.10.30
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to access climate change by global warming in Korea, and to investigate its effects on production efficiency of lactating dairy cows. Two regions, Daegu and Daekwanryung, were selected to represent a warm and a cold area, respectively. Time-series analyses on meteorological records for 25 years (from January 1, 1988 to December 31, 2012) revealed significant and different climate changes in two regions. In the warm area there has been a significant (P<0.05) increase in low temperature during the summer, which can cause heat stress to the animal. On the other hand, a decrease in low temperature during the winter was observed in the cold region (P<0.01), and cold stress in winter can thus be an issue in this region. Simulations using a model integrated the Korean feeding standard for dairy cattle and the environmental effect module of Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, indicated that a reduction in feed efficiency can be a problem during the winter in the cold region while during the summer in the warm area. We conclude that the effect of climate change by global warming varies in different areas in Korea and a region-specific management strategy should be developed in order to maintain productivity, health and welfare of lactating dairy cows.

지난 25년간 지구온난화로 인한 국내 기후변화 양상은 지역 간에 차이가 있어, 고온지역은 평균온도의 증가를 보이지는 않았으나, 최저기온의 지속적인 상승과 그에 따른 열대야 발생을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 그로 인한 젖소의 고온스트레스 발생, 섭취량의 감소 및 생산성 저하가 예상된다. 저온지역의 경우에는 여름철 평균온도 및 최저온도의 상승으로 인해 연평균기온이 유의적으로 상승한 반면, 겨울철에는 오히려 최저기온의 지속적인 하강이 관찰됨에 따라 동물의 저온스트레스가 가중될 것으로 예상된다. 착유우가 저온스트레스 상태에 있을 때는 에너지요구량과 건물섭취량이 증가하여 생산 효율이 떨어지며, 사료효율의 감소로 경제성은 감소되고 우유 생산비는 증가한다. 특히, 극심한 저온스트레스 또는 사료, 음수 및 우사바닥의 결빙은 섭취량 감소를 야기하며 이에 따른 생산성의 저하는 더욱 가중될 것으로 예상된다. 결론적으로 지구온난화로 인한 기후변화에 따른 지역별 영향은 다르며, 온도 스트레스에 의한 낙농우의 생산성 저하를 최소화하고, 동물의 복지와 건강을 증진시키기 위해서는 지역별 기후변화 특성에 맞춘 사양기술의 개발이 필요하다.

Keywords

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