Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Quality Maintenance and Suppression of Chilling Injury of 'Akihime' Plum Fruits Stored under Controlled Atmosphere

CA 저장을 이용한 자두 '추희'의 품질유지 및 저온장해 발생 억제

  • Lee, Eun Jin (Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Sunyoung (The Foundation of Agriculture Technology Commercialization & Transfer) ;
  • Cho, MiAe (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, YoonPyo (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, JiWeon (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chung, DaeSung (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 이은진 (서울대학교 식물생산과학부) ;
  • 최선영 (농업기술실용화재단) ;
  • 조미애 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 홍윤표 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 최지원 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 정대성 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원)
  • Received : 2013.01.23
  • Accepted : 2013.08.13
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

'Akihime' plums picked at mature stage (50-70% red coloration of the fruit skin) were stored at $1^{\circ}C$ under air or controlled atmosphere (CA) storage regime as following 3% $O_2$ + 1, 3, 5, and 7% $CO_2$ for 50 days for the purpose of assessing the effect of CA storage on the maintenance of fruit quality and the reduction of chilling injury. Fruits stored under CA storage regime showed reduced respiration as well as ethylene production rates compared to the fruits stored in air. Quality attributes including weight loss, Hunter 'a' values, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and firmness showed smallest changes in fruits stored under CA conditions except for 3% $O_2$ + 7% $CO_2$. High incidence of physiological disorders including chilling injury, flesh browning, and decay were found in fruits stored under both air and CA of 3% $O_2$ + 7% $CO_2$. In our study, the CA storage regime of 3% $O_2$ + 5% $CO_2$ was found the most effective for maintaining overall fruit qualities of 'Akihime' plums produced in Korea, also delayed the development of chilling injury including lack of juiciness and flesh browning. From the results, storage at 3% $O_2$ + 5% $CO_2$ was selected as an optimal condition of 'Akihime' plum for extending storage life up to 50 days at $1^{\circ}C$.

본 연구는 국내산 만생종 자두 품종인 '추희'의 저장성을 향상시키고 저온장해 현상을 감소시키고자 자체 개발된 이동식 CA 장치를 이용하여 최적의 산소 및 이산화탄소 조성을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 상업적 수확시기에 일괄 수확된 자두를 $1^{\circ}C$에서 3% 산소 + 1, 3, 5, 7% 이산화탄소 농도로 조성된 CA chamber에 각각 저장하면서 저장기간별 품질변화, 호흡 및 에틸렌 발생, 저온장해와 부패율 발생을 조사하였다. CA 저장은 일반 저온 저장구에 비해 과실의 호흡량과 에틸렌 발생량은 감소시켜 과실의 품질저하 속도를 늦추었으며 관능평가 결과도 좋게 나타났다. 특히 저온장해 발생률은 CA 처리구에서 일반 저온 저장구에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 하지만 7% 이상의 이산화탄소 농도는 오히려 자두 '추희'의 저온장해 및 부패율을 높이는 결과를 초래하였다. CA 조성 중 3% 산소 + 5% 이산화탄소 조건이 과피 색도와 경도를 유지하고 과육 스폰지화와 내부갈변 등 저온장해 발생을 지연시키는 데 가장 효과적이었다. 본 연구결과 자두 '추희'의 최적 CA 조건은 3% 산소 + 5% 이산화탄소로 $1^{\circ}C$에서 약 50-60일 동안 저장이 가능하였다.

Keywords

References

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