DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

제주연안 육상양식장 밀집지역 주변해역의 영양염 과잉 요인

Coastal Eutrophication caused by Effluent from Aquaculture Ponds in Jeju

  • 고혁준 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소 아열대수산연구센터) ;
  • 박성은 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소 아열대수산연구센터) ;
  • 차형기 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소 아열대수산연구센터) ;
  • 장대수 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소) ;
  • 구준호 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소)
  • Koh, Hyuk-Joon (Subtropical Fisheries Research Center, Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI) ;
  • Park, Sung-Eun (Subtropical Fisheries Research Center, Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI) ;
  • Cha, Hyung-Kee (Subtropical Fisheries Research Center, Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI) ;
  • Chang, Dae-Soo (Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI) ;
  • Koo, Jun-Ho (Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI)
  • 투고 : 2013.04.24
  • 심사 : 2013.08.28
  • 발행 : 2013.08.31

초록

제주연안선 부근에 밀집된 육상양식장 배출구 주변 4개 해역(애월리, 행원리, 표선리, 일과리)에서 수질환경의 시공간적 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위해 2010년 2월부터 2011년 12월까지 격월로 총 12회 조사하였다. 주성분 분석 결과 조사해역에서 연중 영양염의 분포는 염분과의 관련성 없이 배출구로부터 공급되는 물질에 의해 영양염의 농도가 조절되어, 연안에서 외해역으로 갈수록 농도구배가 감소하는 특징을 나타냈다. 특히 용존무기질소의 경우는 배출구와 인접한 해역에서는 부영양상태로 인에 비해 질소가 과잉되고 있었다. 유기물의 분포는 담수유입량이 증가하는 고수온기에 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 식물플랑크톤의 생물량 변화는 애월 및 행원해역은 담수유입과 관련된 기상요인(기온 및 강우), 표선 및 일과는 영양염의 인위적 공급요인(양식장 배출수)에 의한 영향을 주로 받는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 배출구로부터 직선거리 약 300 m 및 수심 10 m이내 해역의 표 저층에서는 고영양염 농도 분포가 지속되고 있어, 부영양화 과정에서 발생하는 문제를 직 간접적으로 받을 수 있는 가능성을 나타냈다. 육상양식장의 운영 시 취수지점이 배출수의 영향을 받는 지점에 위치할 경우 사육수질의 문제가 발생할 수 있다.

This study investigated the temporal-spatial distribution and variations in water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, DO, COD, SPM, DIN, DIP, silicate, TN, TP, and chlorophyll-a) in the coastal area of Jeju, Korea, adjacent to aquaculture ponds (Aewol-ri, Haengwon-ri, Pyosun-ri, and Ilkwa-ri). Data were collected bimonthly from February 2010 to December 2011. A principal component analysis (PCA) identified three major factors controlling variations in water quality during the sampling period. Aquaculture effluent water led to large changes in nutrient levels. The highest nutrient values were observed during the investigation period. The relatively large increase in organic matter at the sampling stations coupled with sea area runoff events during the summer rainy period. Variation in chlorophyll-a concentration was mainly driven by meteorological factors such as air temperature and rainfall in the coastal areas of Aewol and Haengwon. In the coastal areas of Pyosun and Ilkwa, pollution was caused by anthropogenic factors such as discharge of aquaculture effluent water. High nutrient concentrations at the majority of the coastal stations indicate eutrophication of coastal waters, especially within a distance of 300 m and depth of 10m from drainage channels. Coastal eutrophication driven by aquaculture effluent may be harmful inshore. Events such as eutrophication may potentially influence water pollution in aquaculture ponds when seawater intake is detected because of aquaculture effluent water.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Aure, J. and A. Stigebrandt(1990), Quantitative estimates of the eutrophication effects of fish farming on fjords, Aquaculture, Vol. 90, pp. 135-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90337-M
  2. Baek, S. G. and M. E. Park(2005), Exploration and Verification of Submarine Groundwater Discharge on Jeju Island by Remotely Sensed Based Water Quality Analysis, Econ. Environ. Geol., Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 395-409.
  3. Cho, K. D., C. I. Lee, D. S. Kim and Y. J. Yang(2002), Oceanographic environment characteristics in waters adjacent to fish farm on land, Journal of the Environmental Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 297-308. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2002.11.4.297
  4. Chester, R.(1990), Marine Geochemistry, Unwin Hyman, London, p. 689.
  5. Herbeck, S. H., D. Unger, W. Ying and T. C. Jennerjahn(2013), Effluent, nutrient and organic matter export from shrimp and fish ponds causing eutrophication in coastal and back-reef waters of NE Hainan, tropical China, Continental Shelf Research, Vol. 57, pp. 92-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2012.05.006
  6. JDI(2008), Jeju Development Institute, Study on the Solving Conflicts between Fishing Village Community and Residents in using Community Fishing Ground, Synthesis Report, pp. 1-135.
  7. Jeju National University(2002), Management of Inland Seawater aquaculture effluent water and optimum treatment method, Synthesis Report, pp. 1-237.
  8. Jeju National University(2009), Investigation of trophic environment at Jeju coast areas, Synthesis Report, pp. 1-48.
  9. Kim, G. B., D. W. Hwang, J. W. Ryu and Y. W. Lee(2005), Environmental and Ecological Consequences of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Coastal Areas of the Korea Peninsula, J. of the Korean Society of Oceanography, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 204-212.
  10. Kim, M. C., T. W. Jang, Y. J. Han, J. S. Kim, R. Harikrishnan, D. C. Oh, K. Y. Kim and M. S. Heo(2009), Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Aquacultural Discharging Water in Jeju Island, Journal of Life Science, Vol. 19, No. 7, pp. 943-948. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.7.943
  11. Kim, S. S., D. K. Kim, P. W. Son, C. H. Lee, and D. S. Ha(2003), Temporal and Spatial Variations of Water Quality of the Coastal Saline Groudwaters in Jeju Island, J. of Aquaculture., Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 15-23.
  12. KMA(2010), Korea Meteorological Administration, Annual Climatological Report, pp. 144-153.
  13. KMA(2011), Korea Meteorological Administration, Annual Climatological Report, pp. 149-158.
  14. Korean Statistical Information Service Web(2013), http://kosis.kr.
  15. Lim, D. I., K. C. Rho, P. G. Jang, S. M. Kang, H. S. Jung, R. H. Jungand and W. C. Lee(2007), Temporal-spatial Variations of Water Quality in Gyeonggi Bay, West Coast of Korea, and Their Controlling Factor. Ocean and Polar Research, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 135-153. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2007.29.2.135
  16. MEIS(2013), Marine Environmental Information System Web, http://www.meis.go.kr/
  17. Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries(2005), Standard methods of marine environment in Korea.
  18. Murakami, K., Y. Hosokawa and S. Talano(1998), Monitoring on bottom sediment quality improvement by sand capping in Mikawa bay, Bull. Coastal Oceanogr., Vol. 36, pp. 83-89.
  19. NFRDI(2011), National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Estimation of Fishing Ground Environmental in the Jeju Coastal, Synthesis Report, pp. 1-51.
  20. Pitta, P., E. T. Apostolaki, M. Giannoulaki and I. Karakassis (2005), Mesoscale changes in the water column in response to fish farming zones in three coastal areas in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 65, pp. 501-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.06.021
  21. Raczynska, M., S. Machula, A. Choinski and L. Sobkowiak(2012), Influence of the fish pond aquaculture effluent discharge on abiotic environmental factors of selected rivers in Northwest Poland, Acta Ecologica Sinica, Vo. 32, pp. 160-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2012.04.003
  22. Redfield, A. C., B. H. Ketchum and F. A. Richards(1963), The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater, The sea, Wiley Interscience, New York, Vol. 2, pp. 26-77.
  23. Takeuchi, T(1999), Possibility of water quality improvement works for environmental conservation in water areas, Bull. Coastal Oceanogr., Vol. 36, pp. 508-513.
  24. Wasmund, N., A. Andrushaitis, E. Lysiak-Pastuszak, B. Muller-Karulis, G. Nausch, T. Neumann, H. Ojaveer, I. Olenina, L. Postel and Z. witek(2001), Trophic status of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea: A comparison of coastal and open areas, Est. Coast. Shelf Sci., Vol. 53, pp. 849-864. https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2001.0828

피인용 문헌

  1. Characteristics of Marine Environment and Primary Productivity of Phytoplankton in the Seaweed Bed of Northwestern Coast of Jeju Island During Autumn 2014 vol.20, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2015.20.4.180
  2. 2015년 하계 제주 행원리 일대 양식장주변 해수 중 용존유기물 분포와 기원 vol.39, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4217/opr.2017.39.1.035
  3. 제주도 연안 해역의 오염지표세균의 분포 vol.51, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2018.0450
  4. 2017년 동해안권역과 제주도권역 양식장 주변 해역의 오염지표세균의 분포 vol.51, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2018.0697
  5. 제주도 유용 해조류 갈래곰보(Meristotheca papulosa) 야외개체군의 생장과 성숙 vol.52, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2019.0059
  6. 용수 살균을 위한 자외선과 플라즈마 처리장치 적용에 따른 효과분석 vol.4, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.23005/ksmls.2019.4.2.86
  7. 제주 연안에 서식하는 Vibrio alginolyticus 분포 vol.13, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.15433/ksmb.2021.13.1.048
  8. Changes in the Dynamics and Nutrient Budget of a Macroalgal Community Exposed to Land-Based Fish Farm Discharge Off Jeju Island, Korea vol.13, pp.21, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111793