Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Influence of Sulfate on the Early Hydration in the Solidification of Lime-tailings

소석회-광물찌꺼기 고형화의 초기 수화에 미치는 황산염의 영향

  • Lee, Hyun-Cheol (Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Min, Kyoung-Won (Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yoo, Hwan-Geun (Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University)
  • 이현철 (강원대학교 에너지.자원공학과) ;
  • 민경원 (강원대학교 에너지.자원공학과) ;
  • 유환근 (강원대학교 에너지.자원공학과)
  • Received : 2013.10.28
  • Accepted : 2013.12.15
  • Published : 2013.12.28
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Abstract

Influence of sulfate on the early hydration in the solidification treatment of abandoned mine tailings was characterized. Solidified specimens using hydrated lime as a binder were prepared with various amounts of added $Na_2SO_4$ and different curing days. Unconfined compressive strength measurement, heavy metal leaching test, XRD analysis were performed after 7-, 14- and 28-days curing. According to curing days strength of solidified specimens using only distilled water increased but those with addition of $Na_2SO_4$ decreased. External cracks of specimens developed definitely with increasing $Na_2SO_4$ concentration and curing days. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Zn, and As in the leached solutions from solidified specimens decreased significantly but Pb was leached readily in cases of hydrated lime dosage more than 10 wt%. Gypsum and $MgSO_4$ were identified in the cracked solidified specimens by XRD analysis, and pillar-shaped crystals of SEM image were identified as gypsum in reference with EDS analysis. Crystallization of sulfate in the process of lime-tailing solidification caused cracking, which should be supplemented for solidification treatment of highly sulfur-contained tailing.

폐광산의 광물찌꺼기의 고형화처리 시 황산염이 초기 수화에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 광물찌꺼기에 소석회를 결합재로 사용하였고, $Na_2SO_4$를 혼합수로 이용하여 9가지 조건의 고화체를 제작하였다. 제작된 고화체를 7일, 14일, 28일 양생 후 압축강도 측정, 중금속 용출시험, XRD 분석을 실시하였다. 증류수를 이용하여 양생을 실시한 고화체는 양생기간이 경과함에 따라 압축강도가 증가하였으며, $Na_2SO_4$를 혼합한 고화체는 양생기간 경과에 따라 압축강도가 감소하였다. $Na_2SO_4$의 농도가 증가할수록 고화체 외부 균열이 확실하게 나타났고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 균열이 내부까지 진행되었다. 고화체의 Cu, Cd, Zn, As 농도는 양생기간 경과에 따라 감소하였고, Pb의 경우 소석회 함량이 10 wt% 이상 혼합될 경우 농도가 증가함을 확인하였다. 균열이 발생된 고화체의 수화 생성물에서 석고와 $MgSO_4$ 피크가 XRD 분석으로 확인되었고, SEM-EDS를 통해 주상의 결정이 Ca, S, O로 구성된 석고임을 확인하였다. 소석회를 이용하여 광물찌꺼기를 고형화시킬 경우 황산염 생성으로 균열이 심하게 발생되므로, 황 함량이 높은 광물찌꺼기의 처리 시에는 이를 보완할 수 있는 대책이 강구되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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