International Journal of Oral Biology

The Korean Academy of Oral Biology (대한구강생물학회)
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Antimicrobial Activity of Berberine against Oral Bacteria Related to Endodontic Infections

  • Lee, Dongkyun (Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Kim, Min Jung (Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology, Department of Oral Biochemistry, and Oral Biology Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Park, Soon-Nang (Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology, Department of Oral Biochemistry, and Oral Biology Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Lim, Yun Kyong (Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology, Department of Oral Biochemistry, and Oral Biology Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Min, Jeong-Beom (Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Hwang, Ho-Keel (Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University) ;
  • Kook, Joong-Ki (Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology, Department of Oral Biochemistry, and Oral Biology Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chosun University)
  • Received : 2013.09.17
  • Accepted : 2013.12.17
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

It has been established that berberine has strong antimicrobial effects. Little is known however regarding the antimicrobial activity of berberine against endodontic pathogenic bacteria or its cytotoxicity in human oral tissue cells. The antibacterial properties of berberine were tested against 5 strains of Enterococcus faecalis and type strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella intermedia, and Tannerella forsythia, which are involved in endodontic infections. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) measurements. The viability of normal human gingival fibroblast (NHGF) cells after exposure to berberine was measured using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The data showed that berberine has antimicrobial effects against A. actinomycetemcomitans with an MIC and MBC of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$ and $25{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In the cytotoxicity studies, cell viability was maintained at 66.1% following exposure to $31.3{\mu}g/ml$ berberine. Overall, these findings suggest that berberine has antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. Nevertheless, lower concentrations in combination with other reagents will need to be tested before these in vitro results can be translated to clinical use.

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