Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
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Analysis of diversity of hemolytic microbiome from aquafarm of arkshell, Scapharca broughtonii

피조개 양식장 내 용혈성 미생물의 다양성 분석

  • 권병근 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 김영옥 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 남보혜 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 김우진 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 공희정 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 김봉석 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 지영주 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 이상준 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 안철민 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과) ;
  • 김동균 (국립수산과학원 전략양식연구소 생명공학과)
  • Received : 2013.10.11
  • Accepted : 2013.11.21
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

The ark shell, Scapharca broughtonii is a marine bivalve mollusks belonging to the family Arcidae and important seafood for Korean and Japanese, and southern coast is brisk bays for the ark shell aquaculture. However, productivity of ark shell from these regions were rapidly reduced during the last decade due to mass mortality. The reason of this great damage has not yet been identified. To overcome this economic loss, diverse investigations were focused on environmental factors that affects in the physiology of S. broughtonii, but microbiological researches were performed insufficiently. Hemoglobin is one of the major blood component of ark shell and is damaged by some species of bacterial toxins. We concentrated on this red pigment because hemolysis could be the cause of ark shell mortality. In this study, we analyzed microbial diversity of underwater sediments in coastal regions and also existences in the body of S. broughtonii. We investigate about 4,200 isolates collected from June to September for microbial diversity of sediments and ark shell. We screened all of culturable microorganisms, and identified 25 genera 118 species, 24 genera 89 species, 30 genera 109 species and 39 genera 141 species, and selected 140 unique colonies for identification and challenge assay.

피조개, Scapharca broughtonii는 돌조개 과에 속하는 이매패류로 한국과 일본에서 매우 중요한 수산식품이며, 주로 국내 남해안 지역에서 양식되고 있다. 그러나 피조개 생산량은 여름철 대량폐사로 인하여 지난 10년 동안 급격하게 감소하였다. 대량폐사로 인한 경제적인 손실을 해결하기 위하여 피조개의 생리에 영향을 미치는 다양한 환경 인자에 대한 연구가 집중적으로 수행되어 왔으나 미생물학적인 연구는 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 피조개의 주요 혈액 성분인 헤모글로빈이 미생물의 병원성인자에 의하여 피해를 받아 발생하는 용혈현상과 피조개의 폐사와의 연관성을 규명하기 위하여 피조개 양식장의 용혈활성 미생물을 중심으로 분석하였다. 여름철 고수온기인 6월부터 9월까지 강진만과 진해만 피조개 양식장의 해저퇴적물과 피조개 체내에서 분리한 약 4,200여점의 배양가능 용혈성 미생물의 다양성 및 지역 특이적인 미생물을 분석하였다. 6월에 25속 118종, 7월에 24 속 89종, 8월에 30속 109종, 그리고 39속 141종의 미생물을 분리하였으며, 16S rDNA 정보를 통하여 지역별 미생물 다양성을 분석한 결과 폐사빈발 지역에서만 특이적으로 존재하는 140종의 미생물을 분리하였다. 이러한 지역 특이적 미생물 균총 연구는 피조개 대량폐사 원인 규명의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 나아가 다양한 패류의 폐사연구에도 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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