DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Cognitive Impairment and Risk Factors among Elderly Persons Aged 60 or More in Korea

한국의 60세 이상 노인의 인지장애와 위험요인

  • 김혜령 (인제대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 양미경 (춘해보건대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.31
  • Accepted : 2013.11.22
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify cognitive impairment and risk factors among elderly persons aged 60 or more in Korea using raw data from the 2008 Elderly Survey: Basic Analysis Report of Actual Living Condition of the Elderly and Welfare Need Survey in Korea. Methods: This study was conducted using raw data obtained from 13,335 subjects representing elderly persons aged 60 or more in Korea. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software. Results: The rate of cognitive impairment was found to be 22.0%. Logistic regression analysis became more prevalent with increased aged. In addition elderly subjects with the following factors showed increased cognitive impairment: mails; underweight; slept well for 3 to 4 days per week at most; lack of high intensity physical activity; Eub/Myoun area; did not live alone; did not graduate from high school; un-employed; lack of active social participation, and not computer/Internet savvy. Conclusion: This study identified cognitive impairment and risk factors among elderly persons aged 60 or more in Korea using samples representing elderly persons aged 60 or more throughout the country.

Keywords

References

  1. Barrett-Connor, E., Edelstein, S., Corey-Bloom, J., & Wiederholt W. (1996). Weight loss precedes dementia in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 44(10), 1147-1152. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01362.x
  2. Calero, M. D., Lopez Perez-Diaz, A. G., Navarro Gonzalez, E., & Calero-Garcia, M. J. (2013). Cognitive plasticity, cognitive functioning and quality of life (QoL) in a sample of young-old and old-old adults in southern Spain. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 25(1), 35-42.
  3. Chang, Y., & Etnier, J. L. (2009). Exploring the dose-response relationship between resistance exercise intensity and cognitive function. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 31(5), 640-656. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.31.5.640
  4. Choi, Y. H., & Lee, C. J. (2013). The relationship of health-related variables with regular walking exercise in the elderly based on: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHNES). Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 27(1), 5-15. https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2013.27.1.5
  5. Doi, T., Makizako, H., Shimada, H., Park, H., Tsutsumimoto, K., Uemura, K., & Suzuki, T. (2013). Brain activation during dual-task walking and executive function among older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a fNIRS study. Aging Clinical Experimental Research, 25(5), 539-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0119-5
  6. Elizabeth, L. G. (2007). Changes in cognitive function in human aging. In R. R. David (Eds.), Brain aging: models, methods, and mechanisms: An annual review(pp. 1-9). New York: CRC Press.
  7. Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). Mini-mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
  8. Foley, D., Monjan, A. A., Masaki, K., Ross, W, Havlik, R, White, L., & Launer, L. (2001). Day time sleepiness is associated with 3-year incident dementia and cognitive decline in older Japanese-American men. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49(12), 1628-1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2001.49271.x
  9. Ganguli, M., Snitz, B. E., Lee, C. W., Vanderbilt, J., Saxton, J. A., & Chang, C. C. H. (2010). Age and education effects and norms on a cognitive test battery from a population based cohort: The Monongahela -youghiogheny healthy aging team. Aging and Mental Health, 14(1), http://dx.doi.org/100-107.10.1080/13607860903071014
  10. Gorske, T. T., Daley, D. C., Yenerall, E., & Morrow, L. A. (2006). Neuropsychological function and employment status in a welfare-to work sample. Applied Neuropsychology, 13(3), 141-150. http://dx.doi.org/141-150.10.1207/s15324826an1303_1
  11. Hong, I. S., Kim, D. A., Kim, J. S., Yoo, Y. J., & Park, S. (2011). Relation in elderly women with mild cognitive impairment. The Korean Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sport Science, 13(1), 23-31.
  12. Jones, K., & Harrison, Y. (2001). Frontal lobe function, sleep loss and fragmented sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 5(6), 463-475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/smrv.2001.0203
  13. Kim, M. S., Yoon, S. Y., & Oh, E. Y. (2012). Relationships among cognition, activities of daily living and depression in persons with decreased memory. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 26(3), 404-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2012.26.3.404
  14. Lee, D. Y., Lee, K. U., Lee, J. H., Kim, K. W., Jhoo, J. H., Youn, J. C., Kim S. Y., Woo S. I., & Woo J. I. (2002). A normative study of the mini-mental state examination in the Korean elderly. Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 41(3), 508-525.
  15. Leggett, A., Zarit, S. H., Hoang, C. N., & Nguyen, H. T. (2013). Aging and mental health, article views 2: Correlates of cognitive impairment in older Vietnamese. New York: Thomson Reuters.
  16. Lim, J. Y., Song, M. S., Han, Y. R., Kim, E. J., Choi, K. W., & Sung, Y. M. (2010). Willingness to pay for cognitive enhancement program for elders. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 24(2), 173-182.
  17. Lindsay, J., Laurin, D., Verreault, R., Hébert, R., Helliwell, B., Hill1, G. B., & McDowell, I. (2002). Risk factors for alzheimer's disease: A prospective analysis from the Canadian study of health and aging. American Journal of Epidemiology, 156(5), 445-453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf074
  18. Littbrand, H., Stenvall, M., & Rosendahl, E. (2011). Applicability and effects of physical exercise on physical and cognitive functions and activities of daily living among people with dementia: a systematic review. American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(6), 495-518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e318214de26.
  19. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2009). 2008, Elderly survey: Basic analysis report of actual living condition of the elderly and welfare need survey in Korea(No. 11-1351000-000316-12). Seoul : Ministry of Health and Welfare, Industry-academic Cooperation Foundation, Keimyung University.
  20. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2012). In 2011, the elderly survey(No. 11-1352000-000672-12). Seoul : Ministry of Health and Welfare, Department of Elderly Policy.
  21. National Health Insurance Corporation. (2013). 2010 Health insurance statistical analysis data sheet. Seoul : NHIC.
  22. Oh, S. K., & Lee, T. R. (2011). Comparison of cognitive function, barthel activities of daily living and self-perceived health toward elders and demented elders. Journal of The Korea Society of Health Informatics and Statistics, 36(2), 137-149.
  23. Park, N. H., Lee, Y. M., & Lu Rie, E. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors of dementia in the community elderly. Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, 19(1), 36-45.
  24. Ranft, U., Schikowski, T., Sugiri, D., Krutmann, J., & Kramer, U. (2009). Long-term exposure to traffic-related particulate matter impairs cognitive function in the elderly. Environmental Research, 109(8), 1004-1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2009.08.003
  25. Seoul National University Hospital. (2008). Nationwide study on the prevalence of dementia in Korea elders. Seoul: MHW.
  26. Virtanen, M., Singh-Manoux. A., Ferrie, J. E., Gimeno, D., Marmot, M. G., Elovainio, M., Jokela, M., Vahtera, J., & Kivimaki, M. (2009). Long working hours and cognitive function: the whitehall II study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 169(5), 596-605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn382
  27. Van Gelder, B. M., Tijhuis, M., Kalmijn, S., Giampaoli, S., Nissinen, A., & Kromhout, D. (2006). Marital status and living situation during a 5-year period are associated with a subsequent 10-year cognitive decline in older men: the fine study. The Journal of Gerontology series B: Psychological Sciences, 61(4), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/61.4.P213
  28. Yi, H. R. (2013). Sleep quality and its associated factors in adults. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 27(1), 76-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2013.27.1.76
  29. Zhuang, J. P., Fang, R., Feng, X., Xu, X. H., Liu L. H., Bai, Q. K., Tang, H. D., Zhao, Z. G., & Chen, S. D. (2013). The impact of human-computer interaction-based comprehensive training on the cognitive functions of cognitive impairment elderly individuals in a nursing home. Journal of Alzheimers Disease, 36(2), 245-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-130158
  30. Zunzunegui, M. V., Alvarado, B. E., Del Ser, T., & Otero A. (2003). Social networks, social integration, and social engagement determine cognitive decline in community -dwelling Spanish older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 58(2), S93-S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/ 58.2.S93

Cited by

  1. Effects of Participation in Adult Education on Cognitive Function: The Mediating Effect of Relationship with Children among Older Adults vol.27, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7856/kjcls.2016.27.2.221
  2. Influence of Cognitive Function and Depressive Symptoms on Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Community-dwelling Older Adults vol.19, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7587/kjrehn.2016.71
  3. Predictors of Cognitive Function Decline of Elderly : Using Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Older Korean Persons Panel Data vol.10, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12811/kshsm.2016.10.3.147
  4. Lifestyle and Genetic Predictors of Stiffness Index in Community-dwelling Elderly Korean Men and Women vol.9, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2015.05.006
  5. Relationships between the sensory, cognitive and physical functions of young-old and old-old individuals vol.33, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14367/kjhep.2016.33.5.23