Comparison of Seasonal Concentration of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide in Swine House according to Pig's Growth Stage

돼지 생육 단계에 따른 계절별 암모니아와 황화수소의 돈사 내 농도 비교

The objective of this study is to quantify the levels of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide inmechanically ventilated slurry-pit swine house according to pig's growth stage and seasonal condition. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of gestation/farrowing pigs were 5.60 (${\pm}2.48$) ppm and 178.4 (${\pm}204.8$) ppb in spring, 2.51 (${\pm}3.08$) ppm and 86.6 (${\pm}112.5$) ppb in summer, 4.96 (${\pm}2.84$) ppm and 182.3 (${\pm}242.6$) ppb in autumn, and 6.82 (${\pm}3.42$) ppm and 206.3 (${\pm}356.8$) ppb in winter, respectively. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of nursery pigs were 7.18 (${\pm}3.26$) ppm and 486.0 (${\pm}190.2$) ppb in spring, 4.23 (${\pm}2.95$) ppm and 206.4 (${\pm}186.9$) ppb in summer, 7.02 (${\pm}2.65$) ppm and 465.4 (${\pm}156.8$) ppb in autumn, and 9.25 (${\pm}3.68$) ppm and 618.4 (${\pm}298.3$) ppb in winter, respectively. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the housing room of growing/fattening pigs were 9.26 (${\pm}3.02$) ppm and 604.4 (${\pm}186.8$) ppb in spring, 6.78 (${\pm}3.88$) ppm and 312.5 (${\pm}215.4$) ppb in summer, 9.34 (${\pm}2.14$) ppm and 578.2 (${\pm}248.1$) ppb in autumn, and 14.65 (${\pm}3.15$) ppm and 825.3 (${\pm}316.9$) ppb in winter, respectively. As a result, mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in terms of pig's growth stage were highest in growing/fattening housing room followed by nursery housing room and gestation/farrowing housing room (p<0.05). The swine house showed the highest levels of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in winter followed by spring, autumn and summer. However, there was no significant difference of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide among seasons (p>0.05).

본 연구의 목적은 강제환기가 적용되는 슬러리 돈사를 대상으로 돼지 생육 단계별 돈방 유형 측면과 계절적 조건에 따른 암모니아와 황화수소의 실내 농도를 측정 분석하여 정량화하는 데 있다. 임신/분만 돈방의 경우 봄철은 5.60(${\pm}2.48$) ppm과 178.4(${\pm}204.8$) ppb, 여름철은 2.51(${\pm}3.08$) ppm과 86.6(${\pm}112.5$) ppb, 가을철은 4.96(${\pm}2.84$) ppm과 182.3(${\pm}242.6$) ppb, 겨울철은 6.82(${\pm}3.42$) ppm과 206.3(${\pm}356.8$) ppb로, 자돈방의 경우 봄철은 7.18(${\pm}3.26$) ppm과 486.0(${\pm}190.2$) ppb, 여름철은 4.23(${\pm}2.95$) ppm과 206.4(${\pm}186.9$) ppb, 가을철은 7.02(${\pm}2.65$) ppm과 465.4(${\pm}156.8$) ppb, 겨울철은 9.25(${\pm}3.68$) ppm과 618.4(${\pm}298.3$) ppb로, 육성/비육 돈방의 경우 봄철은 9.26(${\pm}3.02$) ppm과 604.4(${\pm}186.8$) ppb, 여름철은 6.78(${\pm}3.88$) ppm과 312.5(${\pm}215.4$) ppb, 가을철은 9.34(${\pm}2.14$) ppm과 578.2(${\pm}248.1$) ppb, 겨울철은 14.65(${\pm}3.15$) ppm과 825.3(${\pm}316.9$) ppb로 분석되었다. 측정 결과 암모니아와 황화수소 모두 돼지 생육 단계별 돈사 유형 측면에서는 육성/비육 돈사>자돈사>임신/분만 돈사의 순서로 나타났고(p<0.05), 계절적 측면에서는 겨울>봄>가을>여름 순서로 조사되었으나 봄철과 가을철 데이터 간의 차이는 통계적으로 입증되지 않았다(p>0.05).