Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A study on the behaviour of coupled shear walls

  • Bhunia, Dipendu (Civil Engineering Department, BITS Pilani) ;
  • Prakash, Vipul (Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Roorkee) ;
  • Pandey, Ashok D. (Department of Earthquake Engineering, IIT Roorkee)
  • Received : 2009.11.14
  • Accepted : 2012.04.26
  • Published : 2012.06.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An effective design technique for symmetrical coupled shear walls is presented. Proposed formulation including assumptions and steps with mathematical formulation has been elaborated to make the design technique. An example has been considered to validate the technique with the DRAIN-3DX (1993) and SAP V 10.0.5 (2000) nonlinear programs. Parametric study has also been considered to find out the limitations along with remedial action of this technique. On the other hand, nonlinear static analysis is considered to determine the response reduction factor of coupled shear walls. Finally, it has been concluded in this paper that the proposed design technique can be considered to design the coupled shear walls under seismic motion.

Keywords

References

  1. American Concrete Institute (1995), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-95) and Commentary (318R-95), ACI 318-95 and ACI 318R-95, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  2. American Concrete Institute (1999), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-99) and Commentary (318R-99), ACI 318-99 and ACI 318R-99, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  3. American Concrete Institute (2005), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-05) and Commentary (318R-05), ACI 318-05 and ACI 318R-05, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  4. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. (2000), Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, Supplement No. 2, Chicago, IL.
  5. Aksogan, O., Arslan, H.M. and Choo, B.S. (2003), "Forced vibration analysis of stiffened coupled shear walls using continuous connection method", Eng. Struct., 25, 499-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00192-X
  6. Applied Technology Council: ATC-40 Report (1996), Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings, Volume I, Redwood City, California.
  7. Beck, H. (1962), "Contribution to the analysis coupled shear walls", ACI J., 59, 1055-1070.
  8. Bertero, V.V. (1986), "Lessons learnt from recent earthquakes and research and implications for earthquake resistant design of building structures in united states", Earthq. Spectra, 2(4), 825-858. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585412
  9. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS-456 (1978), Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete, New Delhi, India.
  10. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS-1893 (2002), Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures: Part 1 General provisions and Buildings, New Delhi, India.
  11. Burns, R.J. (1965), "An approximate method of analysis coupled shear walls subjected to triangular loadings", Proceedings of the 3rd world conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland.
  12. Canadian Standards Association: CAN3-A23.3-M94 (1994), "Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings", Rexdale, Ontario, Canada.
  13. Chaallal, O., Gauthier, D. and Malenfant, P. (1996), "Classification methodology for coupled shear walls", J. Struct. En.-ASCE, 122(12), 1453-1458. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:12(1453)
  14. Chan, H.C. and Kuang, J.S. (1989), "Elastic design charts of stiffened coupled structural walls", J. Struct. Eng.- ASCE, 115(2), 247-267. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:2(247)
  15. Chan, W.T. and Kwan, A.K.H. (2000), "Effective stiffness of coupling beams connected to walls in out-of-plane directions", Comput. Struct., 75, 385-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00093-0
  16. Canadian Standards Association: CAN3-A23.3-M94 (1994), "Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings", Rexdale, Ontario, Canada.
  17. Choudhury, J.R. and Coull, A. (1967), "Stresses and deflections in coupled shear walls", ACI J., 64(2), 65-72.
  18. Coull, A. and Choudhury, J.R. (1967), "Analysis of coupled shear walls", ACI J., 64(9), 587-593.
  19. Coull, A. and Puri, R.D. (1968), "Analysis of pierced shear walls", J. Struct. Div., Proc. ASCE, 94(ST1), 71-82.
  20. Englekirk, R.E. (2003), Seismic Design of Reinforced and Precast Concrete Buildings, John Wiley, NY.
  21. Federal Emergency Management Agency: FEMA-273 (1997), NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
  22. Federal Emergency Management Agency: FEMA-356 (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
  23. Federal Emergency Management Agency: FEMA-440 (2006), Improvement of Nonlinear Static Seismic Analysis Procedures, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
  24. Galano, L. and Vignoli, A. (2000), "Seismic behavior of short coupling beams with different reinforcement layouts", ACI Struct. J., 97(6), 876-885.
  25. Gajalakshmi, P. and Sengupta, A.K. (2006), "Modeling of low-rise shear walls for pushover analysis of buildings", Ind. Concr. J., 80(6), 41-46.
  26. Gong, B., Harries, K.A. and Shahrooz, B.M. (2000), "Behaviour and design of reinforced concrete, steel, and steel-concrete coupling beams", Earthq. Spectra, 16(4), 775-799. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586139
  27. Harries, K.A., Mitchell, D., Cook, W.D. and Redwood, R.G. (1993), "Seismic response of steel beams coupling concrete walls", J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE, 119(12), 3611-3629. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:12(3611)
  28. Hindalgo, P.A., Jordan, R.M. and Martinez, M.P. (2002), "An analytical model to predict the inelastic seismic behavior of shear-wall, reinforced concrete structures", Eng. Struct., 24, 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(01)00061-X
  29. Hutchison, D.L. and Geldermalsen, T.J.V. (1984), "Optimum design of reinforced concrete shear walls", Bulle. NZ Nat. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 17(3), 185-196.
  30. Jain, A.K. (1999), Reinforced Concrete Limit State Design, Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee.
  31. Jain, J.P. and Chandra, R. (1967), "Analysis of coupled shear walls by influence coefficient method", Ind. Concr. J., 41(6), 226-231.
  32. Kim, H.S. and Lee, D.G. (2003), "Analysis of shear wall with openings using super elements", Eng. Struct., 25, 981-991. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00041-5
  33. Kratky, R.J., Puri, S.P.S. and Pandit, G.S. (1971), "Discussion of a paper by Bryan Stafford Smith Modified beam method for analyzing symmetrical interconnected shear walls", ACI J., 68(6), 472-474.
  34. Kuang, J.S. and Chau, C.K. (1999), "Dynamic behaviour of stiffened coupled shear walls with flexible bases", Comput. Struct., 73(1), 327-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(98)00261-2
  35. Kuang, J.S. and Ng, S.C. (2000), "Coupled lateral-torsion vibration of asymmetric shear-wall structures", Thin Wall. Struct., 38, 93-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(00)00033-1
  36. Kuang, J.S. and Ng, S.C. (2001), "Dynamic coupling of asymmetric shear wall structures: an analytical solution", Int. J. Solids Struc., 38, 8723-8733. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(01)00052-X
  37. Kumar, V. (1978), Analysis of Coupled Shear Walls Subjected to Lateral Loads, A seminar report, Department of Earthquake Engineering, University of Roorkee, India.
  38. Lu, X. and Chen, Y. (2005), "Modeling of coupled shear walls and its experimental verification", J. Struct. Eng.- ASCE, 131(1), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:1(75)
  39. Macleod, I.A. (1966), Lateral Stiffness of Shear Walls with Openings, Department of Civil Engineering, Glasgow University.
  40. Matsagar, V.A. and Jangid, R.S. (2008), "Base isolation for seismic retrofitting of structures", Prac. Period. Struct. Des. Constr., ASCE, 13, 175-185. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0680(2008)13:4(175)
  41. Menon, D. and Reddy, Y.N. (1995), "Finite element modeling of tall slender tubular towers", J. Struct. Eng. SERC, 24, 243-246.
  42. Miranda E. (1997), Strength Reduction Factors in Performance Based Design, EERC-CUREe Symp. in Honor of V. V. Bertero, 31/01 to 01/02/97, California.
  43. Mitchell, D., Tremblay, R., Karacabeyli, E., Paultre, P., Saatcioglu, M. and Anderson, D.L. (2003), "Seismic force modification factors for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada", Can. J. Civil Eng., 30, 308-327. https://doi.org/10.1139/l02-111
  44. Munshi, J.A. and Ghosh, S.K. (2000), "Displacement-based seismic design for coupled wall systems", Earthq. Spectra, 16(3), 621-642. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586131
  45. Nadjai, A. and Johnson, D. (1998), "Elastic and elasto-plastic analysis of planar coupled shear walls with flexible bases", Int. J. Comput. Struct., 68, 213-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(98)00036-4
  46. New Zealand Standard: NZS 3101 (1995), The Design of Concrete Structures. Wellington, NZ.
  47. Park, R. and Paulay, T. (1975), Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY.
  48. Paulay, T. (1970), "An elasto-plastic analysis of coupled shear walls", ACI J., 67(11), 915-922.
  49. Paulay, T. and Santhakumar, A.R. (1976), "Ductile behavior of coupled shear walls", J. Struct. Div.-ASCE, 102 (ST1), 93-108.
  50. Paulay, T. and Priestley, M.J.N. (1992), Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY.
  51. Paulay, T. (2002), "The displacement capacity of reinforced concrete coupled walls", Eng. Struct., 24, 1165-1175. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00050-0
  52. Penelis, G.G. and Kappos, A.J. (1997), Earthquake-resistant Concrete Structures, E&FN SPON, NY.
  53. Pore, S.M. (2007), Performance Based Seismic Design of Low to Medium Rise RC Framed Buildings for India, Department of Earthquake Engineering, IIT Roorkee.
  54. Prakash, V. (2004), "Whither performance based engineering in India?", J. Ind. Soc. Earthq. Technol., 41(1), 201-222.
  55. Prakash, V., Pore, S.M. and Jain, A.K. (2006), "Role of response reduction factor and importance factor in fifth revision of IS 1893", Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on Earthquake Engineering, Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India, December.
  56. Prasanth, T., Ghosh, S. and Collins, K.R. (2008), "Estimation of hysteretic energy demand using concepts of modal pushover analysis", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 37(6), 975-990. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.802
  57. Rosman, R. (1964), "Approximate analysis of shear walls subject to lateral loads", ACI J., 61(6), 717-732.
  58. Saka, M.P. (1992), "Optimum design of multistory structures with shear walls", Comput. Struct., 44 (4), 925-936. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(92)90480-N
  59. SAP2000: Advanced 10.0.5 (2006), Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Structures, Computers and Structures Inc., Berkeley, CA.
  60. Schulz, M. (1961), "Analysis of reinforced concrete walls with openings", Ind. Concrete J., 35(11), 432-433.
  61. Schwaighofer, J. (1967), "Door openings in shear walls", ACI J., 64(11), 730-733.
  62. Shahrooz, B.M. and Remmetter, M.E. (1993), "Seismic design and performance of composite coupled walls", J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE, 119(11), 3291-3309. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:11(3291)
  63. Smith, B.S. and Coull, A. (1991), Tall Building Structures (Analysis and Design), John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
  64. Swift, R.D. and Heidebrecht, A.C. (1971), "Analysis of asymmetrical coupled shear walls", J. Struct. Div., Proc. ASCE, 97(ST5), 1407-1422.
  65. Wallace, J.W. and Moehle, J.P. (1992), "Ductility and detailing requirements of bearing wall buildings", J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE, 118(6), 1625-1644. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:6(1625)
  66. Wallace, J.W. (1994), "New methodology for seismic design of RC shear walls", J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE, 120(3), 863-883. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:3(863)
  67. Winokur, A. and Gluck, J. (1968), "Ultimate strength analysis of coupled shear walls", ACI J., 65(12), 1029-1035.

Cited by

  1. Nonlinear spectral design analysis of a structure for hybrid self-centring device enabled structures vol.61, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.61.6.701