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A Study on Standards for Pressure Relief Valve Vent Pipes from LPG Storage Tanks

LPG용 압력방출밸브 방출관 설치기준 개선방안

  • Lee, Jin-Han (Graduate School of Energy & Environment, Seoul National Univ. of Technology) ;
  • Eom, Suk-Hwa (Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation) ;
  • Kim, Lae-Hyun (Graduate School of Energy & Environment, Seoul National Univ. of Technology)
  • 이진한 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지환경대학원) ;
  • 엄석화 (한국가스안전공사 가스안전연구원) ;
  • 김래현 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지환경대학원)
  • Received : 2012.06.05
  • Accepted : 2012.08.27
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

The dispersion of gas discharged from the vent pipes of pressure relief valves attached LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) storage tank was studied. In general, vent pipes should be positioned so that they discharge vertically upwards in a safe place, and installed so that, in the event of ignition of discharged gas, flame impingement on any vessel, equipment or piping is avoided[1][2]. In Korea, on the other hand, there are various type of the end of vent pipes because there is no rule for discharge directions from the vent pipes. In this paper, we took 4 types of vent directions from the pipes in to account, such as vertically upward, vertically downward, vertically 4-way and horizontally 2-way direction. A software package, FLACS, was adopted to simulate gas dispersion from the vent pipes. We found that vertically downward, vertically 4-way and horizontally 2-way discharge from vent pipes were undesirable to avoid ignition on near ground. Therefore, it was obvious that vertically upward opening of a vent pipe is the best option to discharge in a safe place.

LPG 저장설비에 부착된 압력방출밸브 방출관으로부터 분출된 가스의 확산에 대해 검토하였다. 통상 방출관은 안전한 장소인 수직 상방향으로 분출되도록 설치되어야 하며, 방출된 가스가 착화되더라도 저장탱크, 장치, 배관에 화염이 닿지 않도록 설치되어야 한다[1][2]. 그러나 우리나라에서는 방출구를 통한 분출방향에 대한 기준이 없이 다양한 방출구 형태가 존재한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 4가지 방출방향 즉 수직상방, 수직하방, 수평 2, 수직 4방향에 대해서 고려하였다. 방출구로부터 분출된 가스의 확산 시뮬레이션은 상용소프트웨어인 FLACS를 사용하였다. 이를 통해 수직하방, 수평 2, 수직 4방향으로 분출하도록 방출구를 설치하는 것은 지면에서의 착화를 방지하는 데 불리한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 안전밸브로부터 분출된 가스를 방출구를 통해 안전하게 분출하기 위해서는 수직상방으로 분출되는 것이 최선임을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. LPGA, LP Gas Code of Practice 1, Bulk LPG Storage at Fixed Installations Part 1 : 2004 - Design, Installation and Operation of Vessels Located Abobe Ground, LP Gas Association, (2004)
  2. NFPA, NFPA 58 : Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code, 2008 Edition, National Fire Protection Association, (2008)
  3. 가스기술기준위원회, KGS FP331 액화석유가스 용기 충전의 시설 ․기술․검사․정밀안전진단․ 안전성평가 기준, 가스기술기준위원회, (2012)
  4. GexCon, FLACS v9.1 User's Manual, CMR Gexcon, (2010)
  5. API, API RP 520 : 2003, Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries : Part 2 - Installation, American Petroleum Institute, (2003)

Cited by

  1. A Study on the Safety of Small LPG Storage Tanks at External Fires vol.30, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2015.30.4.64