Relative Contribution rate on Soil Physico-chemical Properties Related to Fruit Quality of 'Hongro' Apple

사과 '홍로' 품종의 과실 품질에 미치는 토양이화학성의 상대적 기여도

  • Kim, Seung-Heui (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Seo-Jun (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Han, Jeom-Wha (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Gun (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Hyeong-Suk (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lim, Tae-Jun (Horticultural & Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Hea-Keun (Deparment of Horticultural Science, Yeungnam University)
  • 김승희 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 박서준 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 한점화 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 조정건 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 최형석 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 임태준 (국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과) ;
  • 윤해근 (영남대학교 원예학과)
  • Received : 2011.09.14
  • Accepted : 2012.06.11
  • Published : 2012.06.30

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions of ten contents on production of high quality fruit in 'Hongro' apple. The soil and fruit characteristics were analyzed at total 60 orchards in major apple producing areas such as Chungju, Moonkyeung, Yeongju, Andong, Yeosan and Yeongcheon (10 orchards an area). The soil environmental factors affected fruit weight were the highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity of 33.3%. The cation was 24.6%, the bulk density, soil texture and solid phase were also high as relative contribution. The fruit weight was influenced by soil physical properties more than soil chemical properties. The soil environmental factors affected sugar content were highest soil texture of 21.9%, and the CEC and bulk density were low as relative contribution. The fruit coloring was the highest relative contribution in phosphate of 55.9%. While saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic matter content were low. The coloring was influenced by soil chemical properties more than soil physical properties. Fruit coloring was high influenced over 70% by soil physical properties. Finally, relative contribution on fruit quality related with sugar content, fruit weight, and coloring were high influenced by cultivation layer depth of 25.8%, soil texture 22.2%, and soil pH of 21.0% but bulk density and solid phase were low relative contribution. The fruit growth and soil chemical properties in 'Hongro' apple were very closely related. Therefore, orchard soil management to produce high quality fruit was very importance drainage management and organic matter application. We concluded that scientific soil management is possible by quanlifiable of soil management factors.

본 연구는 사과 홍로 품종의 고품질 과실 생산을 위한 최적 토양환경 요인을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 토양환경조건들은 전국의 사과 주산지 충주, 문경, 영주, 안동, 예산, 영천 지역에서 각각 농가당 10농가를 대상으로 총 60농가에서 토양 및 과실특성을 조사하였다. 과중에 영향을 미치는 토양환경요인은 포화수리전도도가 33.3%로 가장 기여도가 높았고, 양이온이 24.6% 기여하였다. 용적밀도, 토성 및 고상역시 비교적 높았다. 토양물리성요인이 화학성 요인보다는 과중에 영향을 주었다. 과실의 당도에 미치는 토양환경요인들에서는 토성이 21.9%로 가장 높은 기여도를 나타냈다. 양이온치환용량(CEC)와 용적밀도의 기여도가 매우 낮았다. 과실의 착색은 인산함량이 20.4%로 매우 높은 기여도를 나타냈다. 반면에 포화수리전도도와 유기물함량은 낮았다. 토양물리성 보다는 화학성이 크게 기여하였다. 최종적으로 과중, 당도, 과실착색을 종합적으로 고려한 과실품질에 대한 상대적 기여도에서는 작토층깊이 25.8%, 토성 22.2%, 토양산도 21.0%로 높았다. 고상 및 용적밀도는 낮았다. 사과 홍로 품종은 토양화학성과 매우 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 따라서 고품질의 과실을 생산하기 위해서는 과원의 배수관리 및 시비관리가 중요하다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 과원의 토양관리 요인들을 계량화 하여 과학적 토양관리 기초 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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