Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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The Effects of Genetically Modified Crops on Soil Microbial Community

유전자변형 작물이 토양 미생물상에 미치는 영향

  • 이기종 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 오성덕 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 손수인 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 류태훈 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 박종석 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 이장용 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 조현석 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 안병옥 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부)
  • Received : 2012.05.18
  • Accepted : 2012.06.25
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genetically modified (GM) crops must receive relevant regulator's authorization before they can be sold as seed or used food, feed and processing. Before approving any GM crop, the relevant government ministries are required to examine environmental risk assessment to make scientifically sound and socially acceptable decisions. But one of the least studied and understood areas in the environmental risk assessment of GM crops are their impact on soil microbial community. METHODS AND RESULTS: Recently, advanced methods have been developed to characterize the soil microbial community in various environments. In this study, the culture-dependent and culture-independent technical approaches for profiling soil microbial communities are summarized and their applicability to assess GM crops are discussed. CONCLUSION(S): We concluded that the effect of GM crops on soil microbial community need to be assessed on a case by case basis. The combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent method was necessary for reliable and detailed assessment of effect of GM crops on soil microbial community.

유전자변형 작물을 종자로 판매하거나 식품, 사료 혹은 가공용으로 이용하기 위해서는 반드시 관련 기관의 승인을 받아야 한다. 관련부처에서는 유전자변형 작물의 승인에 앞서 환경위해성 평가 자료가 과학적으로 타당한지 검토한다. 환경위해성 평가 중 유전자변형 작물이 토양 미생물 군집에 미치는 영향은 충분히 연구되지 못한 분야이다. 최근 토양 환경내 미생물 군집의 특성을 연구하기 위한 발전된 방법들이 개발되고 있다. 배양에 의존적인 또는 비의존적인 기술에 의한 토양 미생물의 군집 특성을 조사한 연구와 유전자변형 작물의 환경위해성 평가 적용 가능성을 고찰하였다. 유전자변형 작물의 토양미생물 영향 평가는 사안별 평가 원칙에 의해 이루어져야 한다. 신뢰할 수 있고 상세한 토양 미생물 평가가 이루어지기 위해서는 다양한 분석 방법의 조합이 필요하다.

Keywords

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