Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Nutrient Balance in a Reclaimed Tidal Upland between Chemical and Compost Fertilization for the Winter Green Barley Cultivation

간척농경지에서 비종에 따른 동계 청보리 재배 포장의 영양물질 수지 비교

  • Song, In-Hong (Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyong-Do (Department of rice and winter cereal crop, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Hye (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kang, Moon-Seong (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jang, Jeong-Ryeol (Rural Research Institute, Korea Rural Community Corporation)
  • 송인홍 (서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이경도 (국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김지혜 (서울대학교 조경.지역시스템공학, 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 강문성 (서울대학교 조경.지역시스템공학, 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 장정렬 (한국농어촌공사 농어촌연구원)
  • Received : 2012.05.14
  • Accepted : 2012.06.15
  • Published : 2012.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Along with the surplus rice production, introduction of upland crop cultivations into newly reclaimed tidal areas has gained public attentions in terms of farming diversification and farmers income increase. However, its impacts on the surroundings have not been well studied yet, especially associated with nutrient balance from reclaimed upland cultivation. The objective of this study was to investigate water and nutrient balance during winter barley cultivation as affected different fertilization methods. METHODS AND RESULTS: TN and TP balance for three different plots treated by livestock compost, chemical fertilizer, and no application were monitored during winter green barley cultivation (2010-2011) at the NICS Kyehwa experimental field in Jeonbuk, Korea. Nutrient content in soil and pore water near soil surface appeared to increase, while sub-soil layer remained similar with no fertilization plot. Livestock compost application appeared to increase organic matter content in surface soil compared to chemical fertilization. Crop yield was the greatest with livestock compost application (10.6 t/ha) followed by chemical fertilization (6.9 t/ha) and no application (1.8 t/ha). The nitrogen uptake rate was also greater with livestock compost (52.4%) than chemical fertilizer (48.1%). Phosphorus uptake rate was much smaller (about 7.0%) compared to nitrogen. Nutrient loss by surface and subsurface runoff seemed to be minimal primarily due to small rainfall amount during the winter season. Most of the remaining nutrients, particularly phosphate seemed to be stored in soil layer. Phosphate accumulation appeared to be more phenomenal in the plot applied by livestock compost with higher phosphorus content. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that livestock compost application to tidal upland may increase barley crop production and also improve soil fertility by supplying organic content. However, excessive phosphorus supply with livestock compost seems likely to cause a phosphate accumulation problem, unless the nitrogen-based fertilization practice is adjusted.

간척 농경지에 밭작물을 도입하려는 노력은 쌀 과잉 생산문제와 더불어 작물 다양화를 통한 농가소득 증진을 위해 오랫동안 관심의 정책지원 대상이었다. 본 연구에서는 장래 간척 농경지 전작의 도입에 따른 수질환경 영향을 평가하기 위해 청보리를 대상 작물로 비료 종류에 따른 경지 내 비료성분 물질수지를 분석 비교하였다. 비종처리는 화학비료, 축분퇴비, 무시비 세 수준에 대해, 지표수, 토양수, 토양, 작물체 영양물질을 조사하여, 포장단위 물질수지 분석을 수행하였다. 동계 청보리 재배로 강우 유출 사상이 적어 지표 유출을 통한 비료성분 유출은 미미하였다. 토양수의 질소와 인산 농도는 각각 축분퇴비와 화학비료 시비구 표층에서 높게 나타났지만, 토심이 깊어짐에 따라 그 농도가 낮아져 70cm 깊이에서는 무처리구와 유사하여 지하침투가 크지 않은 것으로 사료된다. 축분퇴비를 시비한 경우 토양유기물 농도가 다른 처리구에 비해 증가하였고, 인산농도 또한 증가하였다. 이는 축분퇴비의 높은 유기물 함량이 토양 인산보유능력의 향상에 일부 기여하기 때문으로 사료된다. 청보리 수확량은 축분퇴비구가 10.6 t/ha로 화학처리구에 비해 약 3.7 t/ha 컸고, 질소 이용율도 52%로 화학비료 처리구 48%보다 높게 나타났다. 동계 청보리 재배에 따른 영양물질의 포장 물질수지 분석 결과 지표 유출이나 지하침투에 의한 손실은 미미하였고, 작물 흡수와 토양 축적이 주요 유출 경로이었다. 다만, 표층 토양 및 토양수의 영양물질 축적은 하계 집중 호우 시 지표나 지하로 손실될수 있어 적절한 영농관리가 필요하다. 또한 인산의 경우 질소에 비해 작물 흡수율이 낮아 토양 축적 가능성이 크고, 특히, 질소 대비 인산의 함량이 높은 축산퇴비 시용 시 토양 인산축적을 고려한 시비량 결정이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Barrow, N. J., 1983. A mechanistic model for describing the sorption and desorption of phosphate by soil, J. of Soil Sci. , 34, 733-750. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1983.tb01068.x
  2. Choi, K.C., Yoon, S.H., Shin, J.S., Kim D.K., Han, H.S., Supanjani, Lee, K.D., 2010. Effects of soil amednment application on soil physico-chemical properties and yields of summer forage crops in the Sukmoon reclaimed tidal land in Korea, Korean J Environ Agric , 29(4), 354-361. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2010.29.4.354
  3. Han, K.W., Cho, J.Y., Son, J.K., 1998. Losses of chemical components by infiltration water during the rice cultivation at silt loam paddy soil, Korean J Environ Agric , 17(3), 268-273.
  4. Hwang, K.S., Lee, I.B., Park, J.M., Yoo, B.S., 2007. Fractional recovery as extractable form of nutrient in composted livestock manure application on soil distributed in Jeju, Korean J Environ Agric , 26(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2007.26.1.049
  5. Jo, N.C., Shin, J.S., Kim, S.H., Yoon, S.H., Hwang, B.S., Jung, M.W., Lee, K.D., Kim, W.H., Seo, S., Kim, J.G., Song, C.E., Choi, K.C., 2010. Study on summer forage crop cultivation suing SCB(Slurry composting-biofiltration) liquid fertilizer on reclaimed land, J. Kor. Grassl. Forage Sci. , 30(2), 121-126. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2010.30.2.121
  6. Kim, M.K., Roh, K.A., Lee, N.J., Seo, M.C., Koh, M.H., 2005. Nutrient load balance in large-scale paddy fields during rice cultivation, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. , 38(3), 164-171.
  7. KRC, 2007. Agricultural infrastructure development and improvement project, Korea Rural Community and Agricultural Corporation.
  8. Lee, I.B., Kang, S.B., Park, J.M., 2008. Effect of soil incorporation of graminaceous and leguminous manures on tomato (Lycoperiscon esculentum Mill.) growth and soil nutrient balances, Korean J Environ Agric , 27(4), 343-348. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2008.27.4.343
  9. Lee, I.B., Chang, K.W., Park, J.M., 2007. Estimation of phosphorus adsorption capacity of allum-amended and composted paper mill sludge, Korean J Environ Agric , 26(2), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2007.26.2.124
  10. Lee, S.B., Cho, K.M., Baik, N.H., Lee, J.J., Oh Y.J., Park, T.I., Kim K.J., 2011. Effects of application method of pig compost and liquid pig manure on yield of whole crop barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and chemical properties of soil in Gyehwa reclaimed land. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. , 44(3), 353-360. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2011.44.3.353
  11. Lee, Y.J., Choi, D.H., Kim, S.H., Lee, S.M., Lee, Y.H., Lee, B.M., Kim T.W., 2004. Long-term changes in soil chemical properties in organic arable farming systems in Korea, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. , 37(4), 228-234.
  12. MAF(Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry), 2004. Studies on changes of soil characteristics and utilization after tidal land reclamation.
  13. MIFAFF, 2012. Budget and fund management plan overview for the year of 2012, Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Korea.
  14. MIFAFF, 2010. Environmentally friendly livestock policy in environmental-friendly livestock for natural recycling system, Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Korea.
  15. NAIST, 2000. Analytical methods for soil and plant, National Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea.
  16. Oa, S.W., 2011. Nutrients transport pathway for watershed impact analysis of livestock wastes and its resources, Korean Wetlands Sciety , 13(3), 465-470.
  17. Park, J.M., Lim, T.J., Kang. S.B., Lee, I.B., Kang, Y.I., 2010. Effect of pig slurry fertigation on soil chemical properties and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert., 43(5), 610-615.
  18. Park, J.H., Yeo, J.K., Koo, Y.B., Lee, W.W., Kim, H.C., Park, C.H., 2008. Effects of slurry composting and biofiltration liquid fertilizer on growth characteristics of poplar clones in a reclaimed land mounding soil, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. , 41(5), 318-323.
  19. Rosswall, T., Paustian, K., 1984. Cycling of nitrogen in modern agricultural systems, Plant and Soil, 76, 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02205563
  20. RRI, 2006. Agricultural complex development for upland & Horticultural crops in the Saemangeum reclaimed farmland. Res. Rpt. Rural Research Institute. Korea Rural Community & Agriculture Corporation.
  21. Sohn, Y.M., Song, J.D., Jeon, G.Y., Kim, D.H., Park, M.E., 2010. Effect of soil salinity and culturing condition on the maintenance of ridge and the growth of upland crops in the Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land, Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. , 43(5), 529-539.