섬진강 하구역의 계절별 일차생산력 및 식물플랑크톤 색소 조성 변화

Seasonal Variation of Primary Productivity and Pigment of Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Seomjin Estuary

  • 투고 : 2011.11.23
  • 심사 : 2012.05.30
  • 발행 : 2012.06.30

초록

섬진강 하구역의 계절별 일차생산력의 변화는 하계 8월에 가장 높은 일차생산력을 보이고 있으며, 수온과 광 조건이 향상되고 주변 육지로부터 유입되는 영양염의 영향으로 높은 결과를 보이고 있다. 특히 섬진강 하구역의 상류정점들은 육상기원 영양염의 유입이 다른 정점들에 비해 활발하게 이루어 짐으로 더 높은 생산력을 보이고 있다. 식물플랑크톤 색소 조성 결과 diatoms의 지표색소인 Fucoxanthin이 조사시기와 정점에 상관없이 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 이는 현미경 종 동정 결과와 일치함을 보이고 있으며 일차생산력과 보조색소 분석 결과 그리고 종 동정 결과를 비교하여 볼 때 규조류 (Skeletonema costatum)가 일차생산력에 가장 크게 기여하는 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구를 통해 자연형 하구인 섬진강에서 시 공간적 일차생산력 변동을 확인할 수 있었으며 또한 식물플랑크톤의 대략적인 군집구조와 일차생산력 계절 변동을 평가할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 섬진강 하구 내 생태 모니터링에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며 수계 내 건강성 평가 및 수질관리를 위한 연구에 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

Four in situ incubation experiments were conducted in May, August and November 2009, as well as February 2010 to determine the seasonal primary productivity and the community structure of phytoplankton at the Seomjin estuary. The primary production of phytoplankton ranged from 9 to 3560 mgC $m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Primary productivity was the highest in the summer season (August), which was influenced by improved optical and temperature conditions of the water, as well as the supply of nutrients derived from its surrounding watershed. Particularly, the upper station (SJ-1, SJ-2) of Seom-jin estuary showed a higher productivity, as a result of inflow of input nutrients originated from the terrestrial source. The fucoxanthin, as an index pigment of diatoms showed the highest concentration (0.74~9.51 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) at all stations, occupying 30~80% to total Chl a concentrations. The phytoplankton species composition determination, using a microscope showed similar results to the pigment analysis, which indicated diatom Skeletonema costatum, as the dominant species. The primary productivity in Seom-jin estuary indicates temporally and spatially large variation, according to different environmental conditions. Also, Skeletonema costatum has euryhaline features with relatively higher contribution.

키워드

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